95 research outputs found
Divination lost : Blickauslöschung von Geschöpf und Schöpfer in E.T.A. Hoffmanns "Sandmann" und Ridley Scotts "Blade Runner"
No full textDie Angst des Menschen, daß sich seine Maschinenschöpfung gegen ihn richten könnte, hat im Motivkomplex des Auges einen wesentlichen Bezugspunkt. So eröffnet E.T.A. Hoffmanns Sandmann jenes poetologische Feld, das Ridley Scotts Blade Runner unter verkehrten Vorzeichen zum Fanal für das "göttliche" Auge des (Maschinen)Schöpfers werden läßt. Während im romantischen Nachtstück Hoffmanns die Menschmaschine Olimpia vom Ingenieur ihrer Hardware der Augen und damit einer imaginierten Einsichtsfähigkeit beraubt wird, ist es im postmodernen Zukunftsentwurf Scotts die Maschine in Form des Replikanten, der seinen Schöpfer zunächst blendet und schließlich gar tötet, indem er ihm die Augen in den Schädel drückt. Im Hinblick auf den prämedialen Vorläufer des Sandmann verkehrt Scott in einem chiastischen Motivzitat nicht nur das Gewaltverhältnis von Geschöpf und Schöpfer, sondern auch die Stoßrichtung des Gewaltaktes.
Wenn sich die Fortschreibung von Kants Kritik in der Anthropologie mit der Grundfrage "Was ist der Mensch?" doch wenigstens auf die biologischen und rein kognitiven Bedingungen der Spezies homo sapiens beschränkt hätte, um wie vieles einfacher wäre es (bei aller Schwierigkeit), das wenigstens einmal zu umreißen, was menschliches Sein im psycho-physischen Sinne heute - bald vier Jahrhunderte nach Descartes - ausmachen könnte. Doch steht nicht einfach nur die Physis des Menschen seiner - wie wir seit Karl Philip Moritzens Erfahrungsseelenkunde ahnen, spätestens aber seit Freud (zu) wissen (glauben) - ebenfalls nahezu undurchdringlich komplexen Psyche gegenüber. Vielmehr schafft der Entwurf eines genuin "menschlichen", transzendentalen Subjekts, das sich nicht nur selbst beschreibt, sondern über die Bedingung der Möglichkeit seiner Erkenntnis nachsinnt, etwas Drittes. Dieses Dritte, der epistemologische Entwurf des "Menschen", ist alsbald schon einem Ende preisgegeben. Dennoch steht er als Phantasma weiterhin zur Disposition
Monoschelobates hemileiformis Ermilov & Sandmann & Marian & Maraun 2013, n. sp.
No full textMonoschelobates hemileiformis n. sp. (Figures 5-6) Diagnosis — Body size 448 – 498 x 265 – 282. Sensilli clavate. Interlamellar setae longer than all prodorsal setae. Notogaster with 10 pairs of thin, smooth notogastral setae. Aggenital setae present. Measurements — Body length 498 (holotype), 448 – 498 (mean 471; five paratypes); notogaster width 282 (holotype), 265 – 282 (mean 272; five paratypes). Integument — (Figures 5 A-C). Body color brown. Body surface smooth. Posterior part of notogaster and epimeral region with irregular muscle sigilla. Prodorsum — (Figures 5A, C, D). Rostrum rounded in dorsal view. Lamellae located dorsolaterally, little longer than half of prodorsum (see in lateral view), without cusps. Translamella absent, but rudimentary parts present nearly to lamellae. Prolamellar and sublamellar lines present. Sublamellar porose areas (Al) round, small (6 – 8). Rostral (53 – 65), lamellar (90 – 102) and interlamellar (164 – 172) setae setiform, barbed. Lamellar setae inserted on the distal part of lamellae. Sensilli (77 – 82) clavate, its head slightly barbed. Exobothridial setae (2 – 4) minute, thin, smooth. Pedotecta I and II typical for genus. Notogaster — (Figures 5A, C). Anterio-medial part straight or weakly convex. Ten pairs of short (24 – 36), smooth notogastral setae present. Four pairs of sacculi (Sa, S1, S2, S3) small. Lyrifissures and opisthonotal gland openings in typical arrangement of the family. Gnathosoma — (Figures 6 A-C). Typical for Scheloribatidae (Ermilov et al. 2011; Ermilov and Kaloez 2012e). Subcapitulum longer than wide: 94 – 102 x 65 – 69. Subcapitular setae setiform; h (24 – 28) and a (16 – 20) slightly barbed, thicker than m (16 – 20). Two pairs of adoral setae (10 – 12) setiform, barbed. Palps (length 61) with setation 0-2- 1-3-9(+1ω). Solenidion attached with eupathidium. Chelicerae (length 102) with two setiform, barbed setae; cha (49) longer than chb (20). Trägårdh’s organ distinct. Epimeral region — (Figures 5B; 6D). Epimeral setal formula: 3-1-3-3. Setae setiform, smooth. Lengths of setae: 1a, 2a, 3a 8 – 10; others 16 – 20. Discidia triangular, blunt-ended. Anogenital region — (Figures 5B; 6E, F). Four pairs of genital (g 1, 20 – 24; g 2 - g 4 14 – 16), one pair of aggenital (12), two pairs of anal (12 – 16) and three pairs of adanal (20) setae setiform, smooth. Lyrifissures iad located in paranal position. Legs — (Figure 6G). Typical for Scheloribatidae (Ermilov et al. 2011; Ermilov and Kaloez 2012e). Claw of each tarsus smooth. Homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 3. Famulus short, with small swelling distally. Solenidia simple. Material examined — Holotype (male) and five paratypes (three males, two females): Southern Ecuador, 4°60’ S, 78°58’ – 79°10’ W, Cajanuma, Podocarpus National Park, 3000 m. a.s.l., upper organic soil layer in mostly undisturbed rain forest, 01.04.2008, collected by D. Sandmann. Type deposition — The holotype is deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; two paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Siberian Zoological Museum, Novosibirsk, Russia; three paratypes are in the personal collection of the first author. Etymology — The specific name " hemileiformis " refers to the similarity of the new species to representatives of the subgenus Scheloribates (Hemileius) Berlese, 1916. Remarks — Monoschelobates hemileiformis n. sp. can be distinguished from the type species, M. parvus Balogh and Mahunka, 1969 (see Balogh and Mahunka 1969) known from Brazil by the larger body size (448 – 498 x 265 – 282 versus 254 – 279 x 147 – 162 in M. parvus), long interlamellar setae, which are considerably longer than lamellar setae (interlamellar and lamellar setae similar in length in M. parvus), well developed notogastral and anogenital setae (minute in M. parvus), and presence of aggenital setae (absent in M. parvus). Roman letters refer to normal setae (e to famulus); Greek letters to solenidia; d φ and d σ — solenidion and seta coupled. Single prime (ʹ) marks setae on anterior and double prime (ʺ) setae on posterior side of the given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae. PØrez-˝ñigo and Baggio (1991) described the second species of the genus Monoschelobates, M. translamellatus PØrez-˝ñigo and Baggio, 1991 from Brazil. However, this species clearly differs from the type and the present new species by the presence of well-developed pteromorphs (absent or very small – generic character in Monoschelobates). Hence, in our opinion, Monoschelobates translamellatus should be included in the genus Perscheloribates Hammer, 1973. Due to the combination of generic characters (in particular, rudimentary pteromorphs, four pairs of sacculi, ten pairs of short notogastral setae, four pairs of genital setae), the species of the genus Monoschelobates are similar to species of the subgenus Scheloribates (Hemileius). Only a single main difference is monodactylous leg tarsi in Monoschelobates versus tridactylous in Scheloribates (Hemileius). Also, the type species of Monoschelobates, M. parvus, is without aggenital setae. Presence or absence of aggenital setae, and variation in numbers of leg claws are not apomorphic characters, therefore it can be used as subgeneric characters. Hence, possibly, Monoschelobates parvus and M. hemileiformis n. sp. should be included in the subgenus Scheloribates (Hemileius). However, the classification of genera in the family Scheloribatidae is difficult, and the further research on the taxonomic status of Monoschelobates is needed.Published as part of Ermilov, S. G., Sandmann, D., Marian, F. & Maraun, M., 2013, THREE NEW SPECIES OF ORIBATID MITES (ACARI, ORIBATIDA) FROM ECUADOR Sergey G. E, Dorothee S, Franca M and Mark M, pp. 111-123 in Acarologia 53 (1) on pages 119-122, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20132075, http://zenodo.org/record/466720
Ampullobates ecuadoriensis Ermilov & Sandmann & Marian & Maraun 2013, n. sp.
No full textAmpullobates ecuadoriensis n. sp. (Figures 1-2) Diagnosis — Body size 664 – 713 x 431 – 481. Surface of prodorsum microtuberculate. Surface of notogaster and anogenital region foveolate. Interlamellar and exobothridial setae well developed. Sensilli long, with poorly developed, lanceolate head. Exuvial centrodorsal setae simple, thick. Notogastral setae h 1, h 2 and p 1 dilated distally, and p 2 and p 3 simple. Epimeral setae 1a, 2a and 3a bifurcate. One pair of genital setae inserted separately from others. Measurements — Body length 697 (holotype), 664 – 713 (mean 693; four paratypes); notogaster width 448 (holotype), 431 – 481 (mean 452; four paratypes). Integument — (Figures 1A, 2I). Body color yellowish to brown. Surface of prodorsum and ventral side microtuberculate (diameter of tubercles up to 2). Surface of notogaster, anogenital region, genital and anal plates foveolate (diameter of foveolae up to 12). Prodorsum — (Figures 1A, C, D; 2A). Rostrum widely rounded in dorsal view. Rostral (ro, 98 – 102) and lamellar (le, 123 – 127) setae setiform, smooth. Interlamellar (in, 57 – 65) and exobothridial (ex, 41 – 45) setae setiform, slightly barbed. Sensilli (ss, 143 – 147) thickened, with poorly developed, lanceolate, barbed head. Pedotecta I (Pt I) and II (Pt II) developed typically for genus. Notogaster — (Figures 1A, C; 2 B-D). Anterior margin convex. Notogaster covered by the thin exuvium, having three pairs of centrodorsal setae (d 1 E, 65 – 73; e 1 E, 49 – 53; f 1 E, 36 – 41) and six pairs of setal alveoli. Exuvial setae simple, thick, straight, densely barbed. Notogastral setae c 1, c 2, cp, d 1, d 2, e 1, e 2, f 1 and f 2 reduced. Only six pairs of notogastral setae well developed: p 1, h 1 and h 2 (32 – 41) dilated distally, slightly serrate; p 2 and p 3 (28 – 32) thickened, setiform, straight, slightly barbed; c 3 (16) setiform, thin, smooth. Lyrifissures and opisthonotal gland openings (gla) located typically for the family. Gnathosoma — (Figures 2 E-G). Typical for Hermanniellidae (Grandjean 1962b; Ermilov and Kaloez 2012a). Subcapitulum longer than wide: 164 – 172 x 123. Subcapitular setae setiform, straight, smooth; m (53 – 57) longer than h (41 – 45) and a (32 – 36). Adoral setae or 1 (20 – 24) fusiform, smooth; adoral setae or 2 (24 – 28) thickened, densely barbed. Palps (length 94) with setation 0-2-1-3-6(+1ω). Solenidion not attached with eupathidium (acm). Chelicerae (length 164) with two setiform, barbed setae: cha (82) longer, than chb (36). Trägårdh’s organ not evident. Epimeral region — (Figures 1B; 2H). Epimeral setal formula: 3-1-2-3. Setae slightly barbed: 1a, 2a, 3a (all 32 – 36) bifurcate; others (all 41 – 45) setiform, straight. Discidia (dis) blunt-ended distally. Anogenital region — (Figures 1B; 2I). Seven pairs of genital setae (anterior pair 32 – 36; others 16 – 20) setiform, smooth inserted in two parallel rows; seventh pair longest (41 – 45), inserted separately from others. One pair of aggenital (ag) and two pairs of anal setae similar in length (an 1, an 2, 36 – 41), setiform, smooth. Three pairs of adanal setae (ad 1, 45 – 49, ad 2, ad 3, 36 – 41) setiform, slightly barbed. Lyrifissures iad in inverse apoanal position, located laterally to adanal setae ad 3. Roman letters refer to normal setae (e to famulus); Greek letters to solenidia; d φ and d σ — solenidion and seta coupled. Single prime (ʹ) marks setae on anterior and double prime (ʺ) setae on posterior side of the given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae. Legs — (Figure 2J). Typical for Hermanniellidae (Grandjean 1962a; Ermilov and Kaloez 2012a). Claw of each tarsus smooth. Homology of setae and solenidia is indicated in Table 1. Famulus (e) and solenidia setiform. Material examined — Holotype (male) and four paratypes (two males, two females): Southern Ecuador, 3°58’ S, 79°50’ W, Estation Scientifica San Francisco, 2000 m. a.s.l., upper organic soil layer in mostly undisturbed rain forest, 01.04.2008, collected by F. Marian and D. Sandmann. Type deposition — The holotype is deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; two paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Siberian Zoological Museum, Novosibirsk, Russia; two paratypes are in the personal collection of the first author. Etymology — The specific name " ecuadoriensis " refers to the country of origin, Ecuador. Remarks — Ampullobates ecuadoriensis n. sp. can be distinguished from the type species Ampullobates nigriclavatus Grandjean, 1962 (see Grandjean 1962b) by the setiform, bent lamellar setae (versus thickened, straight in A. nigriclavatus), longer interlamellar and exobothridial setae (versus minute in A. nigriclavatus), poorly developed, lanceolate sensillar head (versus well developed, rounded distally in A. nigriclavatus), thick, not dilated centrodorsal setae (versus clearly dilated in A. nigriclavatus), bifurcate epimeral setae 1a, 2a, 3a (versus setiform in A. nigriclavatus), and the position of one pair genital seta separated from the other six pairs (versus all genital setae inserted in two rows in A. nigriclavatus).Published as part of Ermilov, S. G., Sandmann, D., Marian, F. & Maraun, M., 2013, THREE NEW SPECIES OF ORIBATID MITES (ACARI, ORIBATIDA) FROM ECUADOR Sergey G. E, Dorothee S, Franca M and Mark M, pp. 111-123 in Acarologia 53 (1) on pages 112-115, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20132075, http://zenodo.org/record/466720
Plenotocepheus neotropicus Ermilov & Sandmann & Marian & Maraun 2013, n. sp.
No full textPlenotocepheus neotropicus n. sp. (Figures 3-4) Diagnosis — Body size 581 – 763 x 249 – 332. Notogaster and anogenital region foveolate. Interlamellar setae longer than rostral and lamellar setae. Sensilli with lanceolate, smooth head. All prodorsal and notogastral lateral condyles present, median notogastral condyles absent. Notogastral setae shorter than notogaster, setiform, slightly barbed. Lyrifissures iad in direct apoanal position. Leg setae u thorn-like. Measurements — Body length 581 (holotype), 630 – 763 (mean 701; seven paratypes); notogaster width 249 (holotype), 249 – 332 (mean 284; seven paratypes). Integument — (Figures 3 A-C; 4F). Body color yellow-brownish. Surface of body densely microfoveolate (diameter of foveolae up to 1). Notogaster and anogenital region foveolate (diameter of foveolae up to 6). Lateral region nearly to pedotectae II with reticulate pattern. Genital plates with several longitudinal stria. Prodorsum — (Figures 3A, C, D; 4A). Rostrum simple, broadly rounded in dorsal view. Rostral (69 – 77), lamellar (73 – 77) and interlamellar (139 – 147) setae setiform, slightly barbed. Sensilli (106 – 118) lanceolate, smooth. Exobothridial setae (8) thin, smooth. All prodorsal condyles well developed, similar in sizes, rounded distally, located separately. Pedotecta I and II (Pt II) developed typically for genus. Roman letters refer to normal setae (e to famulus); Greek letters to solenidia; d φ and d σ — solenidion and seta coupled. Single prime (ʹ) marks setae on anterior and double prime (ʺ) setae on posterior side of the given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae. Notogaster — (Figures 3A, C; 4A). Median condyles absent. Lateral condyles present, small, rounded distally. Notogaster with 14 pairs of notogastral setae, which are medium sized (127 – 164), setiform, slightly barbed. Lyrifissures and opisthonotal gland openings developed in the typical arrangement of the family. Gnathosoma — (Figures 4 B-D). Typical for Tetracondylidae (Grobler 1995 a; Ermilov et al. 2010). Subcapitulum longer than wide: 143 – 151 x 110 – 114. Subcapitular setae setiform, slightly barbed; h and m (both 53 – 61) longer than a (32 – 36). Adoral setae and their alveoli absent. Palps (length 69 – 77) with setation 0-2-1-3-8 (+1ω). Solenidion not attached with eupathidium. Chelicerae (length 155- 164) with one cheliceral seta (cha, 53 – 57), chb absent. Trägårdh’s organ distinct. Epimeral region — (Figures 3B, 4E). Epimeral setal formula: 3-1-3-3; setae setiform, smooth (except barbed 3c). Lengths of setae: 1a, 2a, 3a 28 – 32; 1b 49 – 53; 1c, 4b 32 – 36; 3b, 3c, 4a, 4c 65 – 77. Discidia triangular, blunt-ended. Anogenital region — (Figures 3B; 4 F-H). Three pairs of genital (28 – 32) and one pair of aggenital (61 – 69) setae setiform, smooth. Three pairs of adanal (ad 1, ad 2, 131 – 135, ad 3, 98 – 102) and two pairs of anal (an 1, an 2, 90 – 98) setae setiform, slightly barbed. Lyrifissures iad in direct apoanal position. Legs — (Figure 4I). Typical for Tetracondylidae (Grobler 1995 a; Ermilov et al. 2010). Claw of each tarsus with several small barbs in dorsal side. Homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 2. Tarsi I and II with one to two conical teeth on dorsal side. Leg setae u thorn-like on all tarsi. Famulus short, with small swelling distally. Solenidia simple. Material examined — Holotype (male) and seven paratypes (four males, three females): Southern Ecuador, 3°58’ – 4°70’ S, 78°58 ’ – 79°50’ W, Bombuscaro, Podocarpus National Park and Estation Scientifica San Francisco, 2000 – 3000 m. a.s.l., upper organic soil layer in mostly undisturbed rain forest, 01.04.2008, collected by F. Marian. Type deposition — The holotype is deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; three paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Siberian Zoological Museum, Novosibirsk, Russia; four paratypes are in the personal collection of the first author. Etymology — The specific name " neotropicus " refers to the region of origin, the Neotropical region. Remarks — Plenotocepheus neotropicus n. sp. is most similar to Plenotocepheus mollicoma Hammer, 1966 (see Hammer 1966) from New Zealand in the absence of medial notogastral condyles and shape of body setae. However, it is clearly distinguishable from the latter by the long interlamellar setae, which are longer than the rostral and lamellar setae (interlamellar setae considerably shorter than rostral and lamellar setae in P. mollicoma), sensillar heads weakly pointed distally, shorter than its stalk (sensillar heads with long, thin tip, longer than its stalk in P. mollicoma), lyrifissures iad in direct apoanal position (inverse apoanal in P. mollicoma), distance between adanal setae ad 3 - ad 3 longer than that between ad 2 - ad 2 (shorter in P. mollicoma), and thorn-like leg setae u on tarsi I (setiform in P. mollicoma).Published as part of Ermilov, S. G., Sandmann, D., Marian, F. & Maraun, M., 2013, THREE NEW SPECIES OF ORIBATID MITES (ACARI, ORIBATIDA) FROM ECUADOR Sergey G. E, Dorothee S, Franca M and Mark M, pp. 111-123 in Acarologia 53 (1) on pages 115-118, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20132075, http://zenodo.org/record/466720
Gefangen im eigenen Ich: Ein psychoanalytischer Vergleich von E.T.A. Hoffmanns \u3cem\u3eDer Sandmann\u3c/em\u3e und \u3cem\u3eDer goldne Topf\u3c/em\u3e
No full textThis thesis is a comparative study of two major works by the German author E.T.A. Hoffmann, Der Sandmann (1818) and Der goldne Topf (1819). Der Sandmann has been analyzed under the filter of psychoanalysis by Freud himself. The goal of this thesis was to analyze whether a psychoanalytical approach can be extended to other works by Hoffmann, showing the same underlying structures even though the content seems to differ widely between the two works at first glance. Der goldne Topf is the text that I chose to compare to Der Sandmann, as both texts tell the story of a student who is caught in a life between reality and fantasy.
Freud\u27s analysis of Der Sandmann is almost completely based on the role of the father in the text. The strongest difficulty in showing the same underlying motivation for the two protagonists, Anselmus and Nathanael, to choose fantasy over reality, death over life, is that there is no apparent father figure in Der goldne Topf. However, by interpreting the two texts on the basis of Freud\u27s psychoanalysis, it can be shown that a father figure is indeed present in both texts, even though it might not seem like it at first.
In chapter 1 of this thesis, I will give an overview over those parts of Freud\u27s theory, which will be of importance in the analyses of the two selected works by Hoffmann, namely narcissism, the oedipus complex and the analysis of dreams. In chapter 2, I interpret Der Sandmann and in chapter 3, Der goldne Topf is analyzed, applying the same theories as far as possible. Finally, in chapter 4, I compare the two works, and I show that many features of the texts can be matched up on the basis of this theory, including the role of the father. So far, Der goldne Topf has never been analyzed exclusively on the basis of Freud\u27s psychoanalysis before and, therefore, the findings of this thesis provide new insights for research on the two texts and on E.T.A. Hoffmann in general
Optical Space Division Multiplexing in Short Reach Multi-Mode Fiber Systems
No full textThe application of space division multiplexing to fiber-optic communications is a promising approach to further increase the channel capacity of optical waveguides. In this work, short reach and low-cost optical space division multiplexing systems with intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) are in the focus of interest. Herein, different modes are utilized to generate spatial diversity in a multi-mode fiber. In such IM/DD systems, the process of square-law detection is inherently non-linear. In order to obtain an understanding of the channel characteristics, a system model is developed, which is able to show under which conditions the system can be considered linear in baseband. It is shown that linearity applies in scenarios with low mode cross-talk. This enables the use of linear multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signal processing strategies for equalization purposes. In conditions with high mode cross-talk, significant interference occurs, and the transmitted information cannot be extracted at the receiver. Furthermore, a method to determine the power coupling coefficients between mode groups is presented that does not require the excitation of individual modes, and hence it can be realized with inexpensive components. In addition, different optical components are analyzed with respect for their suitability in MIMO setups with IM/DD. The conventional approach with single-mode fiber to multi-mode fiber offset launches and optical couplers as well as a configuration that utilizes multi-segment detection are feasible options for a (2x2) setup. It is further shown that conventional photonic lanterns are not suited for MIMO with IM/DD due to their low mode orthogonality during the multiplexing process. In order to enable higher order MIMO configurations, devices for mode multiplexing and demultiplexing need to be developed, which exhibit a high mode orthogonality on one hand and are low-cost on the other hand
Galumna miniporosa Ermilov, Starý, Sandmann, Marian & Maraun, 2013, sp. nov.
No full textGalumna miniporosa sp. nov. (Fig. 3 A–D) Diagnosis. Body size 290–298 × 207–215. Rostral and lamellar setae short; interlamellar setae minute; sensilli clavate, with unilaterally dilated, ciliate head. Lamellar setae inserted considerably nearer to the interlamellar setae than to rostral setae. Anterior notogastral margin not developed. Four pairs of porose areas rounded or oval; A 2 smallest. Median pore absent. Ventral setae short. Postanal porose area very long, narrow in males. Description. Measurements. Body length: 298 (holotype), 290 (paratype); notogaster width: 207 (holotype), 215 (paratype). Integument. Body color brown. Body surface smooth. Anterio-lateral parts of notogaster with distinct, numerous muscle sigillae. Prodorsum. Rostrum widely rounded. Rostral (12) and lamellar (8) setae thin, smooth. Interlamellar setae minute (2). Lamellar setae inserted considerable nearer to the interlamellar setae, than to rostral setae. Sensilli (49) with unilaterally dilated head; sensillar head rounded distally, with long, strong cilia. Exobothridial setae absent. Lamellar (L) and sublamellar lines distinct, strong, parallel medio-distally, but weakly divergent basally. Porose areas Ad present, oval. Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin not developed medially. Dorsophragmata long. Notogastral setae represented by 11 pairs of alveoli (a pair of additional setae c x present). Four pairs of porose areas present (Aa oval, 12–16 × 8–12; A 1 rounded, 6–8; A 2 very small, 4; A 3 rounded, 8, or oval, 8–12 × 6–8). Alveoli of setae la inserted posteriorly to Aa. Lyrifissures im located between lm and lp. Opisthonotal gland openings located laterally to A 1. Median pore absent. Gnathosoma. Morphology of subcapitulum, palps and chelicerae typical for Galumnidae (Engelbrecht 1972 a; Ermilov & Anichkin 2011). Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions. Four pairs of epimeral setae visible ventrally; 1 a, 3 b, 4 a and 4 b short (4–6), thin, smooth. Discidia triangular, circumpedal carinae distinct. Anogenital region. Six pairs of genital, one pair of aggenital, two pairs of anal and three pairs of adanal setae similar in length, short (4–6), thin, smooth. Anterior part of genital plates with two setae. Adanal setae ad 3 inserted laterally to lyrifissures iad. Postanal porose area very long, narrow (106 × 4–8). Legs. Three claws of each leg smooth; lateral claws thinner than median claw. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for Galumnidae (Engelbrecht 1972 a; Ermilov & Anichkin 2011). Homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1. Material examined. Holotype (male) and paratype (male): Ec- 2 (01.04.2009). Type deposition. The holotype is deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; paratype is in the personal collection of the first author. is deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia. Etymology. The specific name miniporosa refers to the small porose areas A 2. Remarks. In having the combination of main morphological characters (sensilli with dilated, ciliate head; interlamellar setae represented by alveoli or minute; rostral and lamellar setae short; notogaster with four pairs of rounded or oval porose areas), Galumna miniporosa sp. nov. is similar to G. comparabilis Engelbrecht, 1972 from South Africa (see Engelbrecht 1972 c), G. flabellifera Hammer, 1958 from tropics and subtropics (see Hammer 1958; Aoki 1964, 1965, 1982), G. gl a br a Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio, 1991 from Brazil (see Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio 1991), G. minuta (Ewing, 1909) from Central America (see Jacot 1935), G. nuda Engelbrecht, 1972 from South Africa (see Engelbrecht 1972 c), G. parva Woodring, 1965 from U.S.A. (see Woodring 1965), G. perezi Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio, 1994 from Brazil (see Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio 1994), however it clearly differs from these species by the absence of anterior margin of notogaster (versus developed in the other species), presence of very long postanal porose area in males (versus oval or absent in the other species) and the position of lamellar setae (inserted nearly the interlamellar setae versus similarly removed from rostral and interlamellar setae).Published as part of Ermilov, Sergey G., Starý, Josef, Sandmann, Dorothee, Marian, Franca & Maraun, Mark, 2013, New taxa and new records of oribatid mites of the family Galumnidae (Acari: Oribatida) from Ecuador, pp. 259-270 in Zootaxa 3700 (2) on pages 265-267, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3700.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/22012
In de demonische schaduw van de grote meester
No full textAbstract
In 1979, the Dutch author Louis Ferron published the novel De gallische ziekte, a literary work that often is linked to postmodernism. The nineteenth century tale ‘Der Sandmann’ by E.T.A. Hoffmann serves as one of the narrative’s many intertexts. In this article, I will examine whether the same cultural templates show up in both ‘Der Sandmann’ and De gallische ziekte. Although De gallische ziekte does include more or less the same cultural templates as ‘Der Sandmann’, my research also shows in which way Ferron adapts those templates to suit his own worldview.</jats:p
Functional characterization of various algal carotenoid ketolases reveals that ketolating zeaxanthin efficiently is essential for high production of astaxanthin in transgenic Arabidopsis
No full textExtending the carotenoid pathway to astaxanthin in plants is of scientific and industrial interest. However, expression of a microbial beta-carotene ketolase (BKT) that catalyses the formation of ketocarotenoids in transgenic plants typically results in low levels of astaxanthin. The low efficiency of BKTs in ketolating zeaxanthin to astaxanthin is proposed to be the major limitation for astaxanthin accumulation in engineered plants. To verify this hypothesis, several algal BKTs were functionally characterized using an Escherichia coli system and three BKTs were identified, with high (up to 85%), moderate (~38%), and low (~1%) conversion rate from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CrBKT), Chlorella zofingiensis (CzBKT), and Haematococcus pluvialis (HpBKT3), respectively. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing the CrBKT developed orange leaves which accumulated astaxanthin up to 2 mg g -1 dry weight with a 1.8-fold increase in total carotenoids. In contrast, the expression of CzBKT resulted in much lower astaxanthin content (0.24 mg g -1 dry weight), whereas HpBKT3 was unable to mediate synthesis of astaxanthin in A. thaliana. The none-native astaxanthin was found mostly in a free form integrated into the light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II in young leaves but in esterified forms in senescent leaves. The alteration of carotenoids did not affect chlorophyll content, plant growth, or development significantly. The astaxanthin-producing plants were more tolerant to high light as shown by reduced lipid peroxidation. This study advances a decisive step towards the utilization of plants for the production of high-value astaxanthin. Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana, astaxanthin, beta-carotene ketolase, carotenoid, Haematococcus pluviali
A derivação regressiva na perspectiva do modelo Dressler : algumas considerações
No full textOrientador : Antônio José SandmannCo-orientador : Iara Bemquerer CostaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Letras. Defesa : Curitiba, 1990Inclui referênciasÁrea de concentração : Linguística de língua portuguesaResumo: O presente trabalho trata da derivação regressiva na perspectiva do modelo DRESSLER. Aplicando-se a Escala de Iconicidade Construcional de DRESSLER, a dados do português, como ponto de partida, constatou-se que a derivação regressiva (DR), considerada tradicionalmente um processo de subtração é bastante produtiva no português contemporâneo contrariando assim a previsão do autor de uma improdutividade geral dessa técnica nas línguas. A revisão de literatura sobre a DR revelou duas posturas básicas: a tradicional, considerando-a como a redução e a de LOBATO, que a define como a simples projeção de um radical verbal. Uma terceira posição, defendida por SANDMANN, considerada a DR como afixação. Por um processo dedutivo, chega-se à posição de DRESSLER, adepto em potencial da proposta de SANDMNN, a qual confirma as previsões da Escala de Iconicidade Construcional. Finalmente mantendo-se a posição tradicional e incluindo-se a DR entregue as regras de subtração, apresenta-se uma estatística da produtividade das regras de formação de palavras no português. Sugerem-se, por fim, uma investigação mais aprofundada sobre a DR e novos questionamentos sobre a estruturação das escalas no modelo DRESSLER.Abstract: The present work deal swith the back derivation in the perspective of DRESSLER's model. Applying DRESSLER's scale of Constructional Iconicity to Portuguese data , as a starting point, it was realised that back derivation, tradicionally considered as a subtraction process , is very productive in contemporary Portuguese, contradicting the author' s prediction of the general unproductiveness of this technique in the lanquaqes. The literature revision about back dérivation reveled two basic positions : the traditional one, considering it as subtraction , and LOBATO's, that define it as the simple projection of a verbal root . One third position , presented by SANDMANN, considers the back derivation as a fixation. Throuqh a deductive process , we arrive to DRESSLER's position , probably a SANDMANN's supporter, confirming the predictions of the Constructional Iconicity Scale. Finally, supporting the tradicional position and including backderivation among the subtraction rules, a sample of productivity in the Portuguese word - formation rules is provided. To conclude, it is suggested a deeper investigation on backderivation as well as on the structural form of the scales of DRESSLER's model
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