119,182 research outputs found
Inequality and Migration: A Behavioral Link
No full textWe provide an analytical-behavioral explanation for the observed positive relationship between income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient, and the incentive to migrate. We show that a higher total relative deprivation of a population leads to a stronger incentive to engage in migration for a given level of a population’s income; that total relative deprivation is positively related to the Gini coefficient; and that, consequently, the Gini coefficient and migration are positively correlated, holding the population’s income constant.Income inequality, Relative deprivation, The Gini coefficient, The incentive to migrate
Anacroneuria marca Stark 1998
No full textAnacroneuria marca Stark http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Plecoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName1838 Anacroneuria marca Stark, 1998: 575. Holotype ♂ (United States National Museum), Costa Rica, Heredia Province, Río Peje, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo Anacroneuria marca: Gutiérrez-Fonseca and Springer, 2011: 29 Material examined. PANAMA: Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 102, (Río Chiriqui Viejo), afluente Río Chiriqui Viejo, 8.89307°N, 82.59969°W, 2189 m, Las Nubes dentro del PILA, 19 September 2016, C. Nieto, M. Molinar, and A. Tuñon, 1 ♀ (COZEM); same except, Río Colorado, Mount Totumas Biological Reserve, 8.873556°N, 82.689993°W, 26 June 2016, B. Armitage, 3 ♂ (COZEM); same except, 1 September 2016, 2 ♂; Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 93 (Río Guabo), afluente Río Guabo, NNE Fortuna Dam, nr Fortuna Cabins, 8.77806°N, 82.19359°W, 1128 m, UV light, 21 January 2017, B. and T. Armitage, 10 ♂ (COZEM); same except, 18 February 2018, 22 ♀ (COZEM); Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 108 (Río Chiriqui), Quebrada Hondo, NNE Fortuna Dam, 8.75003°N, 82.23884°W, 1128 m, B. and T. Armitage, 2 ♂ (COZEM). Comments. Stark (2014) and Armitage & Stark (2017) reported this species from Chiriqui Province. The species appears more common in Costa Rica (Stark 1998) than in Panama.Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Armitage, Brian J., 2018, The Plecoptera of Panama. II. Two new species, one new country record, and additional locality records of Anacroneuria (Perlidae) from western Panama, pp. 315-326 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on pages 318-319, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/145866
Participatory visual methods: Implications for practice
No full textT. Saias, W. Stark, & D. Frye
Tyloperla Sivec & Stark 1988
No full textKey to Tyloperla Males (T. sauteri and T. sinensis not included) 1. Aedeagal sac with a pair of basolateral lobes (Fig. 13)………………………………………………...2 Aedeagal sac tubular, basolateral lobes absent (Fig.18).........………………………………....... T. khang 2. Tergum 8 without a distinctly produced mesal lobe (Fig. 2)……………………………………………3 Tergum 8 with a distinctly produced,esal lobe (Fig. 11)………………………………………….……..4 3. Basal cushion of hemitergal lobes more than half as long as inner length of process; aedeagal sac with largest spines forming a band distal to small ear shaped lobes; known from Taiwan ……….……………………………. T. formosana Basal cushion of hemitergal lobes about 1/3 as long as inner length of process (Fig. 2); aedeagal sac with largest spines forming a dense subapical patch (Fig. 4); known from Thailand ……………………………………………… T. courtneyi 4. Hemitergal processes slender throughout length and reaching well beyond hind margin of tergum 9……………………………….….. T. attenuata Hemitergal processes broad at base and reaching, at most, hind margin of tergum 9.……………………………………………………….…5 5. Aedeagal sac armature continuous laterally near base of lobes (Fig. 13); apical region of aedeagal sac offset by a subapical groove (Fig. 13); known from Vietnam ……………………………………. T. illiesi Aedeagal sac armature divided laterally near base of lobes into two patches; apical region of aedeagal sac without subapical groove; known from Assam……………………………………..… T. schmidiPublished as part of Stark, Bill P. & Sivec, Ignac, 2005, New Species Of Tyloperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Vietnam And Thailand, pp. 1-7 in Illiesia 1 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.475855
Beating kinematics of magnetically actuated cilia
No full textWe study the beating kinematics and pumping performance of a magnetically actuated artificial cilium attached to a surface using a bead spring model. Several different beating patterns for the external field are considered along with the possiblity of defects in the filament at isolated points. Hydrodynamic interactions between the beads are included by a modified Rotne-Prage tensor such that the no-slip boundary condition at the surface is satisfied. We find that the correct positioning of defects along the filament length can lead to significant increases in the pumping performance of a planar beating pattern. Even more efficient for pumping fluid are three-dimensional beating strokes which bring the filament close to the surface during the return part of the stroke
Tyloperla Stark & Sivec 2014
No full textKey to Tyloperla Females from India (T. schmidi unknown) 1 Subgenital plate without U-shaped notch, although a slight emargination may occur (Fig. 16); egg without eclosion line ………………. barog 1’ Subgenital plate with a small median U-shaped notch on posterior margin (Fig. 6); egg with eclosion line (Fig. 25); equatorial chorionic zone bearing prominent hexagonal follicle cell impressions (Fig. 9) ……………………………... 2 2 Subgenital plate small, reaching less than 20% of sternum 9 length and comprising less than a third of the width of sternum 8 (Fig. 23); follicle cell impressions in equatorial zone without fine pores (Fig. 28); collar rim deeply and irregularly incised (Fig. 27) …………………………………… karnataka 2’ Subgenital plate reaching at least midpoint of sternum 9 length and comprising about half the width of sternum 8 (Fig. 6); follicle cell impressions in equatorial zone with ca. 6 fine pores (Fig. 9); collar rim not deeply incised (Fig. 10) ………………………………………….. agumbePublished as part of Stark, Bill P. & Sivec, Ignac, 2014, Three New Species Of Tyloperla Sivec & Stark (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From India, pp. 32-42 in Illiesia 10 (4) on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.475761
Tyloperla barog Stark & Sivec 2014, sp. n.
No full textTyloperla barog sp. n. (Figs. 13-20) Material examined. Holotype ♂ and 1 ♀ paratype, India, Himachal Pradesh, Barog, Solan District, 1550 m, 17 July 1992, J.M. Julka, B. Bala (PMSL). Adult habitus. General color brown, patterned with yellow-brown. Head with an area of dark brown pigment between ocelli which extends to anterior ocellus and laterally, forward of callosities; lappets without dark pigment, antennae brown (Fig. 13). Pronotum with pale brown pigment over most of disc, but with a narrow, pale median band and numerous rugosities. Male. Forewing length 19 mm. Abdominal sterna 4–7 bearing hair brushes. Hemiterga with well developed, oval basal callus bearing small sensilla basiconica on inner margins (Fig. 14); anterior process of hemiterga slender, tapered to a rounded apex and bearing a few sensilla scattered along the dorsoapical surface. Tergum 9 unmodified, tergum 8 with a small mesal projection and a median patch of numerous sensilla basiconica. Aedeagus armed with a few, relatively large apical spines and thin setal-like spines form a row along the ventrolateral margin of the sac and a small patch near the ventrolateral margin of the tube; tube mostly membranous and swollen near midlength (Fig. 15). Female. Forewing length 23 mm. Subgenital plate on sternum 8 projecting over about half of sternum 9, triangular with a small median notch (Fig. 16). Egg. Outline oval. Length ca. 320 μm, equatorial width ca. 265 μm (Fig. 17). Collar short, height ca. 20 μm, width ca. 139 μm; rim of collar flanged and irregularly incised, sides bearing ca. 8 vertical ridges in lateral aspect (Fig. 18). Surface coarsely pitted in a broad zone ca. 124 μ wide surrounding collar (Figs. 17-20) and in a similar zone ca. 96 μm wide on lid (Fig. 20); equatorial zone without pits (Fig. 17). Eclosion ring absent. Micropyles not observed. Only three poorly cleaned and broken eggs were suitable for SEM study. Larva. Unknown. Etymology. The species name, based on the type locality, is used as a noun in apposition. Diagnosis. This species is generally similar in hemitergal structure to T. attenuata (Wu & Claassen) and T. schmidi Stark & Sivec, but differs from both in lacking a sensilla basiconica patch on tergum 9 (Wu & Claassen 1934; Stark & Sivec 1991). In addition, the new species may be separated from T. attenuata by the acute hemitergal apices in that species and from T. schmidi by the presence of prominent lateral lobes on the aedeagus of that species. Females for these congeneric species are unknown, however the female subgenital plate is similar to that of T. formosana (Okamoto), although the median notch in that species is deeper and the plate reaches beyond midlength of sternum 9 (Sivec et al. 1988). The eggs of the new species are the only known for the genus in which the chorion is coarsely pitted around both polar areas, but smooth over the equatorial zone.Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Sivec, Ignac, 2014, Three New Species Of Tyloperla Sivec & Stark (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From India, pp. 32-42 in Illiesia 10 (4) on pages 36-38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.475761
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