1,721,121 research outputs found
Rewritable routines in human interaction with public technology
No full textIn this paper, the cognitive ergonomics of using public technology is investigated. A methodology for predicting human error with technology has been developed. Predictions from the method (combined with observation of user performance) form the foundation of the concept of ‘rewritable routines’. This is in keeping with the tradition of building models of user cognition on the basis of observed and predicted errors. The concept is introduced and illustrated with examples. Implications for cognitive ergonomics are discussed
Task analysis for error identification: A methodology for designing 'error tolerant' consumer products
No full textThis paper presents an approach to the assessment of 'intelligent' consumer products. We assume that a primary reason for the difficulties people encounter in their use of intelligent consumer products is the lack of clear, consistent, and logical task sequences. The approach we have developed aims to illustrate the task sequences required for the purposeful use of 'intelligent' products, in order to indicate points at which errors, problems or confusions may occur. The approach combines two well proven methodologies (hierarchical task analysis and state space diagrams) to provide a description of human product interaction
Perspectives on safety culture
No full textOverviewing selected elements from the literature, this paper locates the notion of safety culture within its parent concept of organisational culture. A distinction is drawn between functionalist and interpretive perspectives on organisational culture. The terms ‘culture’ and ‘climate’ are clarified as they are typically applied to organisations and to safety. A contrast is drawn between strategic top down and data-driven bottom up approaches to human factors as an illustrative aspect of safety. A safety case study is used to illustrate two measurement approaches. Key issues for future study include valid measurement of safety culture and developing methods to adequately represent mechanisms through which safety culture might influence, and be influenced by, other safety factors
Explorations into hypertext: spatial metaphor considered harmful
No full textThe research reported in this paper is concerned with the exploration of non-linear computer based hypertext to support our existing teaching methods. At present this research is ongoing, but significant progress has been made to make a report of our findings so far worthwhile. Initial research explored a comparison of linear and non-linear CAL.The results were encouraging to suggest further exploration into the non-linear medium. Analysis of the findings led to the proposal that learning styles may represent learners' decisions based upon system image, and therefore an artifact of courseware design. This puts the emphasis on design of hypertext systems to aid the learner in making choices. Given that one of the major disadvantages associated with hypertext is learners reporting that they become disorientated, an investigation into navigational aids was undertaken. The results of this study led us to question the spatial metaphor, and propose a simple, but radical, shift in hypertext design: to concentrate on nodes, rather than links. This will be the focus of future research
On the reliability and validity of, and training in, ergonomics methods: a challenge revisited
No full textThis paper revisits the challenge laid down over 15 years ago that ergonomics needs to report on the reliability and validity of its methods if it is to maintain its standing amongst the engineering community. Unfortunately, a review of books reporting on ergonomics methods since that time shows very little change. The theoretical constructs of reliability and validity are presented together with the rationale for conducting studies of training in ergonomics methods. Revisiting the original study shows the way in which such validation work can be undertaken and data reported. It is hoped that this article provides the stimulus for more studies of this nature now the approach has been demonstrated
International encyclopedia of ergonomics and human factors. Volume I
No full textContents• General Ergonomics • Human Characteristics • Performance Related Factors • Information Presentation and Communication • Display and Control Design • Workplace and Equipment Design • Environment. System Characteristics• Work Design and Organization• Health and Safety• Social and Economic Impact of the System• Methods and Techniques• Outstanding Human Factors and Ergonomics Professionals<br/
Developing and validating theory in ergonomics science
No full textThis Article does not have an abstract
The myth of navigating in hypertext: How a "bandwagon" has lost its course!
No full textA brief narrative description of the journal article, document, or resource. Compares Hypertext researchers=FE and designers=FE metaphor of navigation in three-dimensional (physical) space with Hypertext (problem space). This paper discusses navigation concepts; physical space versus spacial and temporal relationships; navigation aids; cognitive mapping; information retrieval; and a content analysis of a screen of hypertext. (28 references) (KRN
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