1,721,129 research outputs found
Different effects of Cyclosporine A and melatonin treatment on the expression of stress protein in rat liver.
No full textMELATONIN INFLUENCES SMALL HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS EXPRESSION IN CYCLOSPORINE A INDUCED NEPHROPATHY IN RATS
No full textExploring Cellular Stress Response and Chaperones
Get PDFSince the pioneering discovery of heat shock proteins in Drosophila by Ferruccio Ritossa in 1960s, a long and exciting journey has been undertaken by molecular biologists and researchers worldwide. Not only lower organisms like worms, yeast, amoeba, and flies but also eukaryotes share common cellular response signals to stressful conditions that can arise from the outside but also from the inside. Moreover, extraordinary interplay between nucleus and subcellular organelles, and between different organelles, like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum called mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs), are involved in aging and human diseases like obesity, diabetes, inflammation, neurodegeneration, autoimmune diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Actually, we know that to hit abnormal proteostasis and lipid exchanges in the endoplasmic reticulum is crucial to best guide effective therapies or discover new drugs. Indeed, restoration or impairment of endoplasmic reticulum shape and function lead to cellular homeostasis by autophagy or to final death generally by apoptosis or pyroptosis. This Special Issue collects current valuable articles or reviews on cellular stress research and each contribution opens a new window for further studies and hypothesis. I hope that readers interested in this fascinating topic may be stimulated to know more and more
Impact of melatonin on skeletal muscle and exercise
Get PDFSkeletal muscle disorders are dramatically increasing with human aging with enormous
sanitary costs and impact on the quality of life. Preventive and therapeutic tools to limit the onset and
progression of muscle frailty include nutrition and physical training. Melatonin, the indole
produced at nighttime in the pineal and extra-pineal sites in mammalians, has recognized anti-aging,
anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. Mitochondria are the favorite target of melatonin,
which maintains them efficiently, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage. Here,
we discuss the most recent evidence of dietary melatonin efficacy in age-related skeletal muscle
disorders in cellular, preclinical, and clinical studies. Furthermore, we analyze the emerging impact
of melatonin on physical activity. Finally, we consider the newest evidence of the gut–muscle axis
and the influence of exercise and probably melatonin on the microbiota. In our opinion, this review
reinforces the relevance of melatonin as a safe nutraceutical that limits skeletal muscle frailty and
prolongs physical performance
Cyclosporine-induced kidney alterations are limited by melatonin in rats: an electron microscope study
No full textThe effect of melatonin on experimental prolonged cyclosporine A (CsA) nephrotoxicity was analyzed by electron microscopy and morphometry. Twenty female Wistar rats were divided into groups that received (1) CsA at a therapeutic dose (15 mg/kg/day) sc for 40 days; (2) olive oil, CsA vehicle, as controls; (3) CsA plus melaton (1 mg/kg) ip for the same time; (4) melatonin alone, as additional controls. All controls had normal renal ultrastructure. However, in CsA group, both tubular and glomerular alterations were observed. The authors found apoptotic and necrotic proximal tubules with disrupted brush border, swollen mitochondria, abundant lysosomes; in the glomerulus, amorphous basement membrane, and abnormal mesangial matrix. CsA plus melatonin administration partly prevented these changes. Nevertheless, fibrillar deposits in podocytes and basolateral membrane dilatations in proximal tubules were observed. Histopathological analysis on semithin sections and ultrastructural morphometry were also performed. CsA induced interstitial fibrosis, atrophy, and PAS positive inclusions in the proximal tubules. Moreover, CsA reduced glomerular and mesangial volume but enhanced mesangial matrix volume and basement membrane thickness. After CsA plus melatonin, these parameters were reduced in the proximal tubules and restored in the glomerulus. In conclusion, melatonin attenuated morpho-quantitative alterations induced by CsA in the rat kidney
Studio sperimentale sulla rigenerazione nervosa del midollo spinale tramite innesti:indagine morfometrica ed ultrastrutturale sul nervo sciatico a valle dell'innesto
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