605 research outputs found
Jared Brown Discusses His Book
Get PDFA Bloomington Normal author and retired theater professor has published his first work of fiction. WGLT’s Charlie Schlenker has more, on the mysteries of Jared Brown
[Letter] 1846 February 22, Cambridge (Mass.) [to] Geo. W. Greene / Jared Sparks.
No full textSparks confirms receipt of Greene\u27s letter and the manuscript from the Boston post office by the last steamer. Sparks requests that Greene make out a list of the contents of each chapter. Sparks recommends that Greene refrain from sending a duplicate of the manuscript until confirming the safe delivery of the original. American historian Jared Sparks wrote about the Early Republic period in American history, publishing on Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, and the American Revolution. He also wrote a _Life of Gouverneur Morris_ (1832), and was a professor at Harvard at the time this letter was written (1839-49); he would later assume the duties of President of Harvard (1849-53). The work alluded to here is _The Life of Nathanael Greene, Major-General in the Army of the Revolution_ (1867-71). George Washington Greene (1811-1883) was an author, educator and historian
Technical Direction of Shakespeare in Love
Get PDFThis document is a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the Master of Fine Arts degree in theatre. It is a detailed account of author Jared Shofstall’s technical direction process for Minnesota State University, Mankato’s production of Shakespeare in Love in the fall of 2019. This thesis chronicles the author’s process from pre-production through post production in five chapters: an early production analysis and a process development analysis. Appendices and works cited are included
BARLEY YIELD AND PROTEIN RESPONSE TO NITROGEN AND SULFUR FERTILIZER RATES AND APPLICATION TIMING
No full textThe introduction of new barley varieties and changes in management practices necessitate re-evaluating nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) nutrient management and application timing guidelines. Nitrogen has a significant impact on barley grain quality and yield. However, overapplication of N can result in yield reduction, groundwater pollution, and high protein content, resulting in lower end-use quality of barley, while underapplication of N results in reduced grain quality and yield. Because S improves N utilization and enhances protein synthesis and split N application improves yield and N use efficiency in winter barley, split N application timing and the interaction of N and S may be a valuable tool to reduce N loss, increase yield, improve grain quality, and improve N use efficiency for agronomically optimal spring barley production. In a bid to provide barley growers in the Western US with an optimal N application timing, as well as appropriate N and S rates for improved yields and grain quality and reduced input costs and environmental contamination, we evaluated the effects of N and S fertilizer rates and application timing on malt, feed, and food barley grain yield and quality for four site-years in Aberdeen and Kimberly Research and Extension Centers and Brigham Young University-Idaho in Idaho for the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons. Three barley varieties: malt (Moravian 179), feed (Claymore), and food (Julie) were grown at 1,980,000 seeds ha-1. Nitrogen fertilizer treatments included urea (46-0-0) applied at 0, 45, 90, 135, or 180 kg N ha-1 at planting or a split application of 45 kg N ha-1 done at planting and top-dressed with 23, 45, or 90 kg N ha-1 at heading. Sulfur fertilizer treatments included three S rates of potassium sulfate (0-0-53-18) fertilizer applied at 0, 17, or 34 kg S ha-1 at planting. Data was collected on grain yield, protein concentration, plant height, harvest heads, test weight, kernel plumpness, and N use efficiency.We investigated fertilizer rates for N and S, but S did not affect yield and yield components due to the high S concentration in the irrigation water. Plant height, harvest heads, and grain yield increased with increasing N rate for all varieties except at the Aberdeen 2021 field site, where grain yield was non-responsive to N due to the high preplant N at this location. The linear responses indicate N fertilizer insufficiency to maximize yield. Claymore had a quadratic response at Rexburg, with a maximum yield at approximately 120 kg N ha-1 rate. At the Aberdeen 2021 site, Julie responded to N and had a quadratic response with a maximum yield between 135-180 kg N ha-1. Grain protein concentration, test weight, and kernel plumpness were similar to those reported for Moravian 179, Claymore, and Julie in the southeastern and southcentral Idaho variety trials. Single N application produced similar or greater yields than split N application, contributing a 6-46% yield advantage over split N application across all varieties. Similarly, single N applications improved N use efficiency compared to split N applications and contributed a 9-25% N use efficiency advantage. For malt barley at Kimberly and Rexburg, split N application produced grains with 0.6-1.4% higher protein concentrations than acceptable for malting, suggesting an economic loss for growers as grains are sold as feed. This study demonstrated how pre-plant soil N content and N treatment timing affect spring barley yield and quality responses to N. Furthermore, we showed that the high S concentration in the irrigation water in this area negates the need for additional S fertilizer to maximize barley productivity and quality on the Snake River Plain. Split N applications are not an efficient way to increase yield, and N use efficiency for spring barley production and should be avoided in favor of a single N application at planting.masters, M.S., Plant Sciences -- University of Idaho - College of Graduate Studies, 2023-0
LIMING FOR IMPROVED NUTRIENT UTILIZATION AND WEED MANAGEMENT
No full textMajor yield setbacks due to invasive weed species population and soil acidity have been recorded in various regions of the United States. Estimated yield loss due to weed competition was approximately 12.3% in the Pacific Northwest. Similarly, it is estimated that there is a 40 to 70% reduction in yield when small grains are grown on acidic soils worldwide. One way to simultaneously improve the productivity of Idaho soils while increasing crop competitiveness is through liming. Agricultural lime applications increase soil pH which may improve crop competitiveness and make soil conditions unsuitable for certain weed species. Lime requirement (LR) analyses can be performed by reacting varying concentrations of lime with soil to provide calibrated equations for estimating how much lime is required to increase the pH of that soil to the desired level. Unfortunately, no known calibration testing has been conducted using soils from southern Idaho. The current University of Idaho and soil testing lab lime recommendations are based on testing mostly done in the 1980s on soils from Midwestern states, Washington, and northern Idaho. These calibrations do not reflect the climate or chemical and physical properties of acidic and trending acidic soils in southern Idaho. The overall aim for this paper was to evaluate the effect of liming acidic soils on soil properties, crop growth, and weed density, and b) to develop lime requirement equations for Idaho soils using lab incubations and field trial results. Generally, linear soil pH and Al responses were observed to lime rates, but there were no recorded significant effects on grain quality metrics or weed growth. Sikora (R2=0.99) and the Adams-Evans buffer (R2=0.92 to 0.97) methods were best suited for predicting the LR for Idaho soils compared to the calcium hydroxide buffer method (R2=0.02 to 0.11). The insights gained from this thesis on the potential benefits of lime application can be of great value to farmers and other stakeholders in Idaho's agricultural industry who seek to optimize crop yield and improve soil health.masters, M.S., Plant Sciences -- University of Idaho - College of Graduate Studies, 2023-0
Corrigendum to “Ultrasound-Guided Cervical Cervicis Plane Block for Postoperative Pain Control in Cervical Spine Surgery: A Technical Note”
No full textThe authors regret that Dr. Jared Pisapia was omitted from the author list. Dr. Pisapia has now been added to the author list under affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Westchester Medical Center/New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, Source, And Application Timing Effects On Soil Nitrogen And Corn Yield
Get PDFUniversity of Minnesota M.S. thesis.May 2018. Major: Land and Atmospheric Science. Advisor: Fabian Fernandez. 1 computer file (PDF); xii, 93 pages.Use of the 4R’s (right rate, right source, right placement, right time) for nitrogen (N) management may improve farmer productivity and enhance environmental sustainability. However, best management practices for the 4R’s are not consistent across landscapes due to variable soil and growing season conditions. Research that systematically modifies the 4R’s may allow for selection of best N management practices for high yielding corn (Zea mays L.) and N use efficiency. Because corn yield is dependent on N uptake from the soil, frequent in-season soil sampling may be useful to assess N availability to the crop over time and may be a useful tool to forecast soil N sufficiency for agronomically optimal grain production. We examined the effect of N rate, source, and time of fertilizer application on soil N availability and corn grain yield for 12 site-years across Minnesota for the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Fertilizer treatments consisted of: pre-plant urea applied at 35 to 45 kg N ha-1 increments at seven to eight N rates; pre-plant applications at 105 or 135 kg N ha-1 of anhydrous ammonia with (AAI) and without (AA) nitrification inhibitor, polymer coated urea (PCU), and PCU-urea blends at ratios of 1:2 (PCU-U 1:2) and 2:1 (PCU-U 2:1); and split fertilizer applications of 35 or 45 kg N ha-1 urea ammonium nitrate applied as a starter fertilizer and side-dressed with 70 or 90 kg N ha-1 urea plus nitrification inhibitor at the V2, V4, V6, V8, or V12 vegetative development stage. Site-years were grouped based on similar soil textures and responses of grain yield to either N rate or time of fertilizer application. In-season soil and plant samples were collected five times during the growing season. The modified arcsine-log calibration curve was used to examine the potential of in-season soil nitrate-N, ammonium-N, and total inorganic N concentrations to predict corn grain yields and the in-season N fertilizer rate needed to achieve those yields. Coarse textured soils were prone to rapid N loss for all pre-plant fertilizer treatments where yield was not maximized even when 315 kg N ha-1 urea was applied. AA, AAI, and PCU delayed nitrification or fertilizer N release from the prill relative to pre-plant urea for improved synchrony of N availability to corn demand with a 1.6-fold yield improvement on average. Likewise, split-applications from V4 to V12 improved yields 1.5 to 1.9-fold over pre-plant urea with 50 to 63% of the applied fertilizer N rate recovered in plant biomass. On fine-textured soils, seasonal precipitation strongly influenced site response to N fertilizer treatments. Site-years with low N loss potential had no yield differences between N sources and were either non-responsive to N rate or optimized yield at 180 kg N ha-1. Site-years with high N loss potential had reduced N availability and did not maximize yield regardless of the applied N rate. Under these conditions, yield, N use efficiency, and economic return was greatest for PCU-U blends relative to other N sources. Precipitation timeliness was important for incorporation of split-applied urea and for corn N uptake. With dry summer conditions, fertilizer N accumulated in the 0- to 30-cm soil layer primarily as ammonium-N. Under well-distributed rainfall, side-dressed N was rapidly nitrified and taken up by the crop with the V2 to V8 timings producing 11.2 Mg grain ha-1 on average. This highlights the importance of synchronizing in-season fertilizer applications with precipitation events and that adequate soil moisture is required for soil N to be crop available. The modified arcsine-log calibration curve successfully correlated grain yields with soil test values for fine-textured sites but showed limited utility for coarse textured soils because of excessive N loss. For fine-textured soils, V4 soil nitrate from the 0- to 30-cm was better correlated than pre-plant or V8 timings and was similarly correlated to deeper sampling depths or N species. This is positive as it represents labor and analysis cost savings as well as greater time for side-dress fertilization when the crop is small. With this study, we demonstrated that seasonal weather patterns and soil texture are major drivers of soil N availability such that there is not a single N fertilizer rate, source, or application timing that will optimize yields in all situations. On coarse-textured soils or when early spring conditions are expected to be wetter than normal, pre-plant urea should be avoided in favor of split-applications or other N sources, but little differences are likely between sources or applications timings when N loss potential is low.Spackman, Jared. (2018). Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, Source, And Application Timing Effects On Soil Nitrogen And Corn Yield. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/198963
Celestial Bodies
Get PDFCelestial Bodies
Jared C. White
ABSTRACT
The following is a collection of original poetry written over a span of three years while attending the University of South Florida. The poetry is divided into five numbered sections, marking the major thematic divisions. Preceding the poetry is a critical introduction to the work that outlines the author\u27s developing thematic ideology
A methodology for the concurrent design of products and their assembly sequence
Get PDFThis thesis reports on the development of a Two-Tier methodology that provides
support for assembly sequence construction, validation and evaluation in parallel with
the design. This facilitates the production of products that are optimised for
assemblability. The proposed approach diverges significantly from many of the
sequence generation methods developed to date, which assume that assembly
planning starts at the conclusion of the design process. It is believed that the latter
approach misses an important opportunity to concurrently implement design and
sequence improvements that would result in products inherently suited to assembly.
The industrial assembly planning process was found to be completely different from
the automatic sequence generation approach. The Two-Tier methodology has its
foundations in this manual process, which uses a breadth-first, depth-second search. A
constraint-based method is used to interactively validate the sequence. In direct
contrast to traditional sequence generators, the hard and soft constraints are invoked
throughout the process. A novel approach to sequence evaluation allows the user to
quantitatively determine the suitability of the sequence at any time during the
construction process.
However, designers are rarely assembly experts and it is unreasonable to expect
practical sequences to be generated without assistance. Thus, a set of generic
assembly planning rules was identified from industrial surveys by the author. These
were collaboratively implemented into an Expert Assembler, which currently consists
of two mini advisors. Support is available to identify the most suitable base
component and the most appropriate component to add next.
The Two-Tier methodology has been implemented into a computer-based system
called SPADE (Sequence Planning And Design Environment). A four-layer model
holds the product data that underpins this implementation. The methodology and
SPADE have been successfully tested using representative case studies and the results
are reported as part of this thesis
Fate Of Pre-Plant And Split-Applied 15Nitrogen Enriched Urea In Corn
No full textUniversity of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. September 2020. Major: Land and Atmospheric Science. Advisor: Fabian Fernandez. 1 computer file (PDF); xiii, 146 pages.Nitrogen (N) is essential to produce high yielding corn (Zea mays L.), but excess fertilization before rapid corn N uptake may result in N loss from the soil-corn system that reduces fertilizer N use efficiency, causes an economic loss for producers, and negatively impacts the environment. Urea fertilizer applications at planting are common, but recent years of wet springs in the U.S. upper Midwest has fostered a greater interest in split-applications that may avoid early spring N loss and improve fertilizer N supply to the crop. Fertilizer N rate, application timing, soil physical and chemical properties, and weather patterns can modify fertilizer-derived N distribution (FDN) in the soil profile, uptake by the crop, and potential for N loss in the year of application and subsequent years. Thus, the objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of fertilizer N rate and application timing on 1) FDN distribution and form in the soil, 2) FDN and soil-derived N (SDN) uptake and partitioning by the corn crop, and 3) fertilizer recovery and reuse in the soil-corn system over two consecutive growing seasons. Three studies were initiated in both 2014 (Becker14, Clara City14, Waseca14) and 2015 (Becker15, Lamberton15, Waseca15) in Minnesota, at sites that represented agronomically important soils. Urea fertilizer (46% N) was applied at planting at 45 kg N ha-1 increments from 0 to 270 or 315 kg N ha-1. An additional treatment was split-applied as 45 kg N ha-1 at planting and 90 kg N ha-1 when the corn had four fully developed leaves (V4). Labeled 15N urea (5 atom %) fertilizer was applied to microplots in the 45, 135, and 225 kg N ha-1 treatments, as well as the 45/90 kg N ha-1 split-application treatment. Soil samples were collected in the first growing season within eight days of 15N urea fertilizer application (PA), when the corn had eight fully developed leaves (V8), at tasseling (R1), and post-harvest (PHY1). In the second growing season, soil samples were collected at pre-plant (PPY2) and post-harvest (PHY2). Aboveground plant samples were collected at V8, R1, and physiological maturity (R6) in the first growing season, and R6 in the second growing season. At PA, 63 to 112% of FDN was recovered from the top 60 cm of the soil profile across all sites, except Becker14 and Clara City14 where 55 and 43% of the applied FDN were recovered by corn averaged across all treatments, respectively. Low recovery of FDN at Becker14 was likely due to N leaching through the loamy sand soil profile following greater-than-normal April through June precipitation. At Clara City14, low recovery of FDN was due to NH3 volatilization from inadequate incorporation of urea into the soil profile. Of the total FDN in the soil at PA, 72 to 90% was in the soil organic N fraction and temporarily protected from loss. The majority of soil FDN was in the top 15 cm of the soil profile, but FDN was observed in all soil sampling depths indicating that leaching of NO3- and soluble organic FDN is rapid irrespective of the soil texture. The soil inorganic FDN concentration was greatest immediately after fertilization but decreased to background levels (<10% of the applied N rate) by V8 or R1. Likewise, the concentration of FDN in corn biomass was greatest early in the season but decreased as soil FDN concentration decreased and as the corn increasingly assimilated inorganic SDN. At the end of the first growing season, approximately 20 to 47% of FDN was recovered in the soil-crop system. Aboveground corn FDN recovery ranged from low values of 2.8 to 4.4% at Becker15 (loamy sand) to higher values of 34.0 to 41.9% at Lamberton15 (loam) that reflected the N loss potential of each soil. Very low FDN recovery at Becker15 indicates that urea fertilizer applied at planting should not be done at sites with coarse-textured soils. Averaged across sites and treatments, 28% of the aboveground FDN was in the stover, 69% was in the grain, and 4% was in the cobs. Because only a small portion of FDN was returned to the soil-crop system from the first year corn residue and because soil organic FDN was fairly stable, ≤ 7.4 kg FDN ha-1 was assimilated in the aboveground biomass across all sites at the end of the second year, indicating residual FDN does not supply an agronomically important amount of N to the succeeding crop. The 45/90 kg N ha-1 split-application improved corn grain yield over the 135 kg N ha-1 single application at planting on coarse-textured soils by 3.3 Mg ha-1 on average but there was no yield improvement on fine-textured soils. Likewise, the split-application had greater FDN uptake values than the 135 kg N ha-1 treatment during the early vegetative development stages but did not differ from the 135 kg N ha-1 treatment at R6 in either aboveground FDN recovery or the soil FDN content. Partitioning of FDN to plant parts were similar between the split- and the single application. These results indicate that split-applications will likely have the greatest improvement in fertilizer use efficiency and grain production on coarse-textured soils that are prone to significant N loss. Overall, this study illustrated that a single or split-application of urea may be an acceptable management strategy when the soil and environmental conditions do not favor N loss. However, if spring conditions continue to be wetter-than-normal, urea applications done at planting or as early split-applications are poorly retained in the soil resulting in poor recovery efficiency by the corn crop and recycling for future crops. Other N sources may need to be considered, such as polymer-coated urea or anhydrous ammonia, that delay nitrification until later in the growing season for decreased risk of leaching and denitrification. Delaying the split-application a few weeks longer may be another way to avoid spring leaching events for improved FDN recovery. While fertilizer N significantly increased yield at 11 of 12 site-years in this study, ultimately, SDN accounted for most of the total N uptake and yield potential of the crop. This result re-emphasizes the importance of maintaining soil health and its N supplying capacity because its depletion will result in increasingly expensive input costs to achieve similar production levels.Spackman, Jared. (2020). Fate Of Pre-Plant And Split-Applied 15Nitrogen Enriched Urea In Corn. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/217158
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