83 research outputs found
Uvitellina titiri Chatterji 1958, n. comb.
No full textU. titiri (Chatterji, 1958) n. comb. Type host. Spur-winged lapwing or plover, Vanellus spinosus (Linnaeus) (Syn. Haplopterus ventralis [Linnaeus]) (Charadriiformes: Charadriidae). Type locality. Junshi near Allahabad, Allahabad District, India. Remarks. This species was originally described as Cyclocoelum titiri Chatteriji, 1958, but was transferred to Wardianum by Yamaguti (1971). It was considered to be a synonym of Haematotrephus lanceolatum (Wedl, 1858) by Gupta (1964). This species has a pretesticular ovary that forms a triangle with the diagonal testes (Haematotrephinae). The genital pore was described by Chatterji (1958) as opening “behind pharynx” (postpharyngeal), but it was shown to be immediately below the intestinal bifurcation in the figure of the adult (apparently Fig. 2). Chatterji (1958) described the vitelline fields as extending “posteriorly to hinder-most ends of the intestinal arch” (confluent). The author also commented that “vitellarium in anterior third of body clearly visible” while some parts were apparently “obscured by uterus”. The vitelline fields appear to be shown as being confluent in Fig. 2, placing this species in Uvitellina. Note that the genital pore placement is unusual for cyclocoelids because it opens below the intestinal bifurcation; however, Chatterji (1958) indicated that the intestinal bifurcation was “much disposed anteriorly”, which may have caused the placement of the genital pore to appear to be more posterior than normal. Rudimentary oral sucker present—Chatterji (1958).Published as part of Dronen, Norman O. & Blend, Charles K., 2015, Updated keys to the genera in the subfamilies of Cyclocoelidae Stossich, 1902, including a reconsideration of species assignments, species keys and the proposal of a new genus in Szidatitreminae Dronen, 2007, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 4053 (1) on pages 45-46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/23711
Multiple organism gene finding by collapsed Gibbs sampling
No full textThe Gibbs sampling method has been widely used for sequence analysis after it was successfully applied to the problem of identifying regulatory motif sequences upstream of genes. Since then numerous variants of the original idea have emerged, however in all cases the application has been to finding short motifs in collections of short sequences (typically less than 100 nucleotides long). In this paper we introduce a Gibbs sampling approach for identifying genes in multiple large genomic sequences up to hundreds of kilobases long. This approach leverages the evolutionary relationships between the sequences to improve the gene predictions, without explicitly aligning the sequences. We have applied our method to the analysis of genomic sequence from 14 genomic regions, totaling roughly 1.8Mb of sequence in each organism. We show that our approach compares favorably with existing ab-initio approaches to gene finding, including pairwise comparison based gene prediction methods which make explicit use of alignments. Furthermore, excellent performance can be obtained with as little as 4 organisms, and the method overcomes a number of difficulties of previous comparison based gene finding approaches: it is robust with respect to genomic rearrangements, can work with draft sequence, and is fast (linear in the number and length of the sequences). It can also be seamlessly integrated with Gibbs sampling motif detection methods
Reference based annotation with GeneMapper
No full textWe introduce GeneMapper, a program for transferring annotations from a well annotated genome to other genomes. Drawing on high quality curated annotations, GeneMapper enables rapid and accurate annotation of newly sequenced genomes and is suitable for both finished and draft genomes. GeneMapper uses a profile based approach for mapping genes into multiple species, improving upon the standard pairwise approach. GeneMapper is freely available for academic use
Patterns of gene duplication and intron loss in the ENCODE regions suggest a confounding factor
No full textAbstractThe exon–intron structure of eukaryotic genes allows for phenomena such as alternative splicing, nonsense-mediated decay, and regulation through untranslated regions. However, the evolution of the exon structure of genes is not well elucidated because of limited and phylogenetically sparse data sets. In this study, we use the phylogenetically diverse sequencing of the ENCODE regions to study gene structure evolution in mammalian genomes. This first phylogenetically diverse study of gene structure changes offers insights into the mode and tempo of mammalian gene structure evolution. The genes undergoing structure changes appear to be moderately to highly expressed in germline cells and show levels of selection similar to those of other ENCODE genes. Patterns of gene duplication of the affected genes are more complex than expected. The number of sampled genomes is sufficiently dense to infer that certain gene duplications happened after intron loss. Thus, although gene duplication is highly correlated with intron loss, we conclude that structural changes in genes are not necessarily due to a loss of constraint following gene duplication as previously suggested
Gender and educational variations in the earnings premiums of occupational credentials
No full textOccupational credentials such as professional licenses and certifications are known to generate significant earnings premiums. Based on this, the federal workforce development policy focuses on industry-recognized occupational credentials for less-educated adults to help them obtain family-supporting jobs without having to invest in a postsecondary degree. This study used data from the 2016-2019 Current Population Survey (CPS) outgoing rotation group samples to examine differences in the earnings premiums associated with occupational credentials by gender and education. Our analyses revealed that the earnings premium of job-required credential holding was greater for women than men. For women, estimates of the earnings premiums do not vary much by education level, while for men, those without a Bachelor’s degree tend to have high premiums than those without.Peer reviewe
Disability among children of immigrants from India and China: is there excess disability among girls?
No full textWe investigate whether there is excess morbidity among daughters of Indian or Chinese immigrants in the US by studying the prevalence of disability among children. We use data from the 2012–14 American Community Surveys on approximately 20,000 US-born children of Indian and Chinese immigrants. Children of US natives are used as a comparison group to account for innate differences in disability between the sexes. Results indicate that there is excess disability among daughters compared with sons among children of Chinese immigrants and children of immigrants from northern or western Indian states; this excess disability declines with younger age at arrival or longer exposure to the host country. Analysis using children of Filipino immigrants as an alternative comparison group yields similar excess disability rates for females.Peer reviewe
‘The Darkest Times of My Life’: Recollections of Child Abuse among Forced Migrants Persecuted because of Their Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
No full textNumerous studies demonstrate that lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) children and youth are likely to experience abuse by peers, parents, and other adults and that these experiences correlate with a host of mental health problems. However, there is little understanding of the experiences of LGBT children and youth living in countries where social and legal protections for sexual and gender minorities are limited or nonexistent. This qualitative study used thematic analysis to explore the child and adolescent abuse experiences and their impact on the pre-migration mental health of LGBT forced migrants. We analyzed 26 interviews with individuals who obtained refugee or asylee status in the United States or Canada on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. Participants originated from countries in Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East. Analysis revealed the following themes: abuse by parents and caregivers, abuse by peers and school personnel, having nowhere to turn, and dealing with psychological distress. Findings indicate that participants experienced severe verbal, physical, and sexual abuse throughout childhood and adolescence and that this abuse occurred at home, in school, and in the community. Furthermore, there were no resources or sources of protection available to them. Participants linked their abuse to subjective experiences of depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress, as well as suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. We conclude with implications for refugee adjudication practices, mental health care, and international policy.© 2015. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Peer reviewe
Seal [EAP1416-24] عنایت الله
No full textSeal of Ināyatullah on a document pertaining to the Chishtī shrine at Dhār.
Reading (unclear):
عنایت الله
The notation next to the seal reads:
احقر العباد عنایت الله بر مضمون مسطور مطلع استInāyatullah Khān was the author of Kalimāt-i Tayyibāt, see Nandini Chatterji, Negotiating Mughal Law: A Family of Landlords across Three Indian Empires (Cambridge: University Press, 2020), 98, n. 85
the source. Sadness, Suicidality and Grades
No full textI thank participants in a session at the 2010 ASHEcon conference, especially Pinka Chatterji, Dhaval Dave, Jason Fletcher and Cagatay Koc, for helpful comments. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications
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