1,721,148 research outputs found
Mi.P.A.F. targeted project for evaluation of European and Japanese plum rootstocks in Italy: Results of six years of observations
No full textThe Mi.P.A.F. (Italian Ministry of Agriculture) targeted project "National Lists of Recommended Rootstocks and Cultivars", coordinated by Prof. F. Loreti, University of Pisa, aims at evaluating the performance of fruit rootstocks introduced into the Italian nursery market. As part of this project, trials were established to compare some of the most interesting rootstocks for European and Japanese plum in 9 different locations in Italy. The rootstocks tested were: 'Citation-Zaipime', 'GF 31', 'Marianna GF 8/1', 'Ishtara-Ferciana', 'Jaspi-Fereley', 'Julior-Ferdor', 'Myrobalan 29C', 'Myrobalan B', 'MrS 2/5' and 'Myrocal'. In 1995, nine orchards were planted at 5 × 5 m spacing; in each orchard, 15 trees per rootstock, grafted either with 'Stanley' European plum (EP) or 'Ozark Premier' Japanese plum (JP), and trained to open vase, were randomly distributed in blocks of single tree plots. Locations of the orchards were distributed throughout Italy: two in the North (Cuneo and Forlì), two in the centre (Pisa and Ancona) and five in the South of the peninsula (Caserta, Metaponto, Catanzaro, Palermo and Cagliari). This report highlights the main results obtained after 6 years of growth (3 years of production). Data are summarized either per rootstocks or per location. Both for JP and EP, 'Myrobalan 29C' and 'B', 'Marianna GF 8/1', 'Julior® -Ferdor'and 'Jaspi® -Fereley' showed the best adaptability to the pedo-climatic conditions of the different experimental locations; all by sustaining a quite balanced plant growth and production. 'Ishtara® -Ferciana' showed a better capacity to control plant vigour and to increase fruit size. 'Citation® Zaipime', 'GF 31' and 'MrS 2/5' exhibited the lowest aptitude to the Italian plum production system, although there were some exceptions related to particular locations
La diversité des cultures agricoles dans les petites îles siciliennes
No full textIl contributo tratta della diversità agraria delle piccole isole circumsiciliane
Effect of different rootstocks on vegetative growth of Japanese and European plum cultivars in Southern Italy: Preliminary results
No full textThe preliminary results of a new rootstock trial for Japanese and European plum cultivars are reported. Two clonal Prunus cerasifera ('Myrobalan 29C' and 'MrS 2/5'), two Prunus domestica ('Penta' and 'Tetra') and the peach × almond 'GF 677' were tested in a warm and dry climate of Southern Italy where the plum industry is recently increasing, particularly for the Japanese type. 'GF 677' showed the most vigorous habit together with a higher production at the first bearing year in comparison with 'Myrobalan 29C', while the two P. domestica types resulted in very low vigour. This result was more evident and statistically significant with the Japanese plum cultivar, whereas very low differences were recorded in the European one. The evaluation of the results obtained, although still preliminary, suggests a deeper analysis of the planting systems adopted (i.e. trees spacing and pruning criteria) for Japanese and European plum orchards which may have to be significantly modified in relation to the vigour evidenced by the grafting combinations
Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Biological, and Nutritional Properties of Genus Crepis—A Review
Full text linkThe genus Crepis L., included within the Asteraceae family, has a very wide distribution, expanding throughout the northern hemisphere, including Europe, northern Africa, and temperate Asia. This genus has a fundamental value from biodynamic and ecological perspectives, with the different species often being chosen for soil conservation, for environmental sustainability, and for their attraction towards pollinating species. Furthermore, various species of Crepis have been used in the popular medicine of several countries as medicinal herbs and food since ancient times. In most cases, the species is consumed either in the form of a decoction, or as a salad, and is used for its cardiovascular properties, as a digestive, for problems related to sight, for the treatment of dia-betes, and for joint diseases. This literature review, the first one of the Crepis genus, includes pub-lications with the word ‘Crepis’, and considers the single metabolites identified, characterised, and tested to evaluate their biological potential. The various isolated compounds, including in most cases sesquiterpenes and flavonoids, were obtained by extracting the roots and aerial parts of the different species. The secondary metabolites, extracted using traditional (solvent extraction, col-umn chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, preparative HPLC, vacuum liquid chromatography), and modern systems such as ultrasounds, microwaves, etc., and characterised by mono-and bi-dimensional NMR experiments and by HPLC-MS, have a varied application spectrum at a biological level, with antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor, antiviral, antiulcer, phyto-toxic, and nutritional properties having been reported. Unfortunately, in vitro tests have not always been accompanied by in vivo tests, and this is the major critical aspect that emerges from the study of the scientific aspects related to this genus. Therefore, extensive investigations are necessary to evaluate the real capacity of the different species used in food, and above all to discover what the different plants that have never been analysed could offer at a scientific level
Variability in Crithmum maritimum L. Essential Oils’ Chemical Composition: PCA Analysis, Food Safety, and Sustainability
Full text linkIn this study, four accessions of Crithmum maritimum L., not previously studied, collected in Isola delle Femmine (Italy) (S43), Croatia (S44), Montenegro (S45), and Israel (S46) were investigated. The volatile profile of essential oils was evaluated using GC–MS and 38 compounds were identified. All the analyzed samples show a composition characterized essentially by monoterpene hydrocarbons (94.0–97.6%), with limonene, γ-terpinene, β-phellandrene, α-pinene, and p-cymene as the principal compounds. In addition, a comprehensive review of the composition of C. maritimum essential oils that have been studied thus far was conducted. To evaluate the similarity between samples, principal component analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were utilized. To evaluate the possibility of addressing food value to natural species that can strengthen sustainable food policies, it appears necessary to consider the previous safety of the dietary intake of C. maritimum. A matrix plot analysis of the content of dillapiole, a toxic constituent, in the samples was performed. The results of the statistical analysis show the presence of six clusters indicating some differences between C. maritimum accessions from different locations. Regarding dillapiole content, the four accessions discussed in this paper showed dillapiole values of less than 2%, suggesting the healthiness of sea fennel from these locations, while the highest values were found in samples from France, Portugal, and Tunisia
Unlocking Plum Genetic Potential: Where Are We At?
Full text linkPlums are a large group of closely related stone fruit species and hybrids of worldwide economic importance and diffusion. This review deals with the main aspects concerning plum agrobiodiversity and its relationship with current and potential contributions offered by breeding in enhancing plum varieties. The most recent breeding achievements are revised according to updated information proceeding from relevant scientific reports and official inventories of plum genetic resources. A special emphasis has been given to the potential sources of genetic traits of interest for breeding programs as well as to the need for efficient and coordinated efforts aimed at efficaciously preserving the rich and underexploited extant plum agrobiodiversity. The specific objective of this review was to: (i) analyze and possibly evaluate the degree of biodiversity existing in the cultivated plum germplasm, (ii) examine the set of traits of prominent agronomic and pomological interest currently targeted by the breeders, and (iii) determine how and to what extent this germplasm was appropriately exploited in breeding programs or could represent concrete prospects for the future
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