1,721,147 research outputs found
Real-world studies provide reliable comparisons of disease modifying therapies in MS – No
No full textModeling the distribution of new MRI cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis longitudinal studies by Sormani MP, Calabrese M, Signori A, Giorgio A, Gallo P, de Stefano N [PLoS One 2011;6(10):e26712. Epub 2011 October 20]
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Machine learning outperforms human experts in MRI pattern analysis of muscular dystrophies
No full textObjective Studies of outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are hampered by the lack of robust injury severity measures that can accommodate spatial-anatomical and mechanistic heterogeneity. In this study we introduce a Mahalanobis distance measure (M) as an intrinsic injury severity measure that combines in a single score the many ways a given injured brain's connectivity can vary from that of healthy controls. Our objective is to test the hypotheses that M is superior to univariate measures in (1) discriminating patients and controls and (2) correlating with cognitive assessment. Methods Sixty-five participants (34 with mild TBI, 31 controls) underwent diffusion tensor MRI and extensive neuropsychological testing. Structural connectivity was inferred for all participants for 22 major white matter connections. Twenty-two univariate measures (1 per connection) and 1 multivariate measure (M), capturing and summarizing all connectivity change in a single score, were computed. Results Our multivariate measure (M) was able to better discriminate between patients and controls (area under the curve 0.81) than any individual univariate measure. M significantly correlated with cognitive outcome (Spearman rho = 0.31; p < 0.05). No univariate measure showed significant correlation after correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusions Heterogeneity in the severity and distribution of injuries after TBI has traditionally complicated the understanding of outcomes after TBI. Our approach provides a single, continuous variable that can fully capture individual heterogeneity. M's ability to distinguish even mildly injured patients from controls and its correlation with cognitive assessment suggest utility as an imaging-based marker of intrinsic injury severity
Combining biomarkers to profile multiple sclerosis patients
No full textCombined assessment of latest-generation molecular and MRI biomarkers has provided insight into the dynamics of brain volume loss after immunoablative autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis, shedding light on the transient neurotoxic effects of this procedure
COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis undergoing disease-modifying treatments
No full textThe CoronaVirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is a threat of particular concern for people affected by chronic immune-mediated diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), who are often treated with immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive drugs, which may increase the risk of infections in general. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, empirical guidelines on how to manage treatments for immune-mediated diseases, including MS, were released. Subsequently, the first clinical pictures and data sets have been published, describing the outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with MS treated with immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive drugs. Here we will review available information on how infections by human coronaviruses affect the immune system in untreated subjects and in patients affected by MS treated with drugs which modulate the immune system
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