273 research outputs found
Immunohistochemical monitoring of wound healing in antibiotic treated buruli ulcer patients
No full textWhile traditionally surgery has dominated the clinical management of Buruli ulcer (BU), the introduction of the combination chemotherapy with oral rifampicin and intramuscular streptomycin greatly improved treatment and reduced recurrence rates. However management of the often extensive lesions after successful specific therapy has remained a challenge, in particular in rural areas of the African countries which carry the highest burden of disease. For reasons not fully understood, wound healing is delayed in a proportion of antibiotic treated BU patients. Therefore, we have performed immunohistochemical investigations to identify markers which may be suitable to monitor wound healing progression.; Tissue specimens from eight BU patients with plaque lesions collected before, during and after chemotherapy were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the presence of a set of markers associated with connective tissue neo-formation, tissue remodeling and epidermal activation. Several target proteins turned out to be suitable to monitor wound healing. While α-smooth muscle actin positive myofibroblasts were not found in untreated lesions, they emerged during the healing process. These cells produced abundant extracellular matrix proteins, such as pro-collagen 1 and tenascin and were found in fibronectin rich areas. After antibiotic treatment many cells, including myofibroblasts, revealed an activated phenotype as they showed ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation, a marker for translation initiation. In addition, healing wounds revealed dermal tissue remodeling by apoptosis, and showed increased cytokeratin 16 expression in the epidermis.; We have identified a set of markers that allow monitoring wound healing in antibiotic treated BU lesions by immunohistochemistry. Studies with this marker panel may help to better understand disturbances responsible for wound healing delays observed in some BU patients
Le phisosophe et la promesse. Sur «Le Sens et le Mal», d'Yves Labbé
No full textIn search of meaning in a world marked by evil and especially by that excess of evil which is innocent suffering, Yves Labbé, man of faith who writes as a philosopher, establishes meaning as the pivotai point between the birth of man (his finite being and his needs) and his rebirth (his call to responsability before ail other men and before the Absolute). Evil, which unceasingly attacks this meaning to a very real and tragic degree, is nonetheless always secondary, and the philosopher can catch a glimpse of the promise of a faithful God, who is just and suffering and who will reestablish meaning - this is the same God which is confessed by the believer. The theodicy proposed in this book may nevertheless be subjected to criticism to the extent in which the author does not take sufficiently into account the dimension of the Absolute and of God who is présent at the level of the birth of man and of his création.Lafont Ghislain. Le phisosophe et la promesse. Sur «Le Sens et le Mal», d'Yves Labbé. In: Revue théologique de Louvain, 14ᵉ année, fasc. 3, 1983. pp. 356-371
Emerg Infect Dis
No full textWe reviewed Buruli ulcer (BU) surveillance in Benin, using the World Health Organization BU02 form. We report results of reliable routine data collected on 2,598 new and recurrent cases from 2003 through 2005
Keynes et Ricardo sur la macro-économie et la monnaie
No full textKeynes' s reading of Ricardo deals with the relations between three theories : the theory of value and distribution, the macroeconomic theory of the level of aggregate output and employment, and monetary theory. Keynes bears on Ricardo to separate the theory of value and macroeconomics, even if he blames him for having « repudiated » any macroeconomic theory. Two questions are central to his evaluation of the classical author : the neutrality of money and the influence of the quantity of money on the rate of interest. The neutrality of money is for Keynes the corollary of Say's Law, and the reasons why he rejects it, from the drafts to the final text of General Theory, are connected with the emergence of the concept of unemployment equilibrium. Keynes' s analysis of the Ricardian theory of the rate of interest shows that the debate on the real effects of a change in the quantity of money is led without any reference to the Quantity Theory. This may explain why Keynes felt consistently in sympathy with some Ricardian positions on the organization of a monetary system (the gold exchange standard), which are independent of the Quantity Theory. All in all, the attitude of Keynes towards Ricardo appears far more favourable than is usually believed.La lecture que fait Keynes de Ricardo concerne les relations entre trois théories : la théorie de la valeur et de la répartition, la théorie macroéconomique du niveau d'équilibre global et de l'emploi, et la théorie monétaire. Keynes s'appuie d'abord sur Ricardo pour séparer la théorie de la valeur et la théorie macro-économique, même s'il lui reproche d'avoir « répudié » celle-ci. Surtout, deux questions apparaissent centrales dans son évaluation de l'auteur classique : la neutralité de la monnaie et l'effet de la quantité de monnaie sur le taux d'intérêt. La neutralité de la monnaie est pour Keynes le corollaire de la loi de Say, et l'évolution des raisons de son rejet, des brouillons au texte final de la Théorie Générale, illustre l'émergence du concept d'équilibre de sous-emploi. L'analyse par Keynes de la théorie ricardienne de l'intérêt montre que le débat sur les effets réels d'une variation de la quantité de monnaie se déroule en-dehors de toute référence à la théorie quantitative. Ceci explique que Keynes ait pu continuer à se sentir en sympathie avec certaines positions ricardiennes sur l'organisation d'un système monétaire (le gold exchange standard), qui sont indépendantes de la théorie quantitative. Au total, l'attitude de Keynes vis-à-vis de Ricardo apparaît beaucoup plus favorable qu'on le croît généralement.Deleplace Ghislain. Keynes et Ricardo sur la macro-économie et la monnaie. In: Cahiers d'économie politique, n°30-31, 1998. Keynes : économie et philosophie. pp. 49-84
Effets de la contamination par les pyréthrinoïdes sur la santé des populations de la commune de Sô-Ava en 2023
No full textIn the municipality of Sô-Ava, Benin, pyrethroids are abused in agriculture to increase crop yields. Prolonged exposure to these pyrethroids could have adverse health consequences. This study aims to assess the effects on the health of contaminated populations. This is a cross-sectional study, involving 30 subjects randomly selected from a population group including farmers, market gardeners and fishermen who handle pyrethroids during their professional activities. Health effects were assessed based on determining urinary metabolites 3PBA (urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid) and interviews. The characteristics of sick and non-sick subjects were compared. Most of the subjects surveyed (80%) had been contaminated with pyrethroids during their occupational activities. Nearly 70% were over 45 years of age. Around 46% of those infected had developed pathologies, including sterility (12.50%), chronic bronchopneumopathy (12.50%), goiter (8.40%), cancer (8.40%) and Parkinson's disease (4.20%). This research showed that 46% of subjects contaminated by pyrethroid exposure developed chronic diseases. It is, therefore, necessary to limit the uncontrolled use of these pyrethroids during anthropogenic activities to contribute effectively to the reduction of these diseases. The main limitation of this study is the small sample size, which makes it impossible to generalise the results obtained.en agriculture pour accroitre le rendement des cultures. L’exposition prolongée à ces pyréthrinoïdes pourrait entraîner des conséquences néfastes sur la santé. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer les effets sur la santé des populations contaminées. Il s’agit d’une étude transversale, ayant porté sur 30 sujets choisis de façon aléatoire au sein d’un groupe de population composé d’agriculteurs, de maraîchers et de pêcheurs qui manipulent des pyréthrinoïdes au cours de leurs activités professionnelles. Les effets sur la santé des populations ont été appréciés sur la base des résultats du dosage des métabolites urinaires 3PBA (Acide 3-phénoxybenzoique urinaire) et des interviews. Les caractéristiques des sujets malades et non-malades ont été comparées. La majorité des sujets enquêtés (80%) sont contaminés aux pyréthrinoïdes au cours des activités professionnelles. Près de 70% parmi eux sont âgés de plus de 45ans. Environ 46% des contaminés ont développé des pathologies dont la stérilité (12,50%), les bronchopneumopathies chroniques (12,50%), le goitre (8,40%), les cancers (8,40%), et la maladie de parkinson (4,20%). Ce travail de recherche a montré que 46% des sujets contaminés suite à l’exposition aux pyréthrinoïdes ont développé des maladies chroniques. Il est donc nécessaire de limiter l’usage non contrôlé de ces pyréthrinoïdes au cours des activités anthropiques afin de contribuer efficacement à la réduction de ces maladies. La principale limite de cette étude est la petite taille de l’échantillon qui ne permettrait pas la généralisation des résultats obtenus
Clinical considerations on Buruli ulcer employing two molecular tests for the detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in 100 skin biopsies.
No full textOptimisation Topologique sans Maillage - Vers la reconnaissance d'éléments structuraux
No full textNational audienceCet article présente des résultats d’une étude d’optimisation topologique utilisant une nouvelle approche par ajout de variables de localisation des nœuds. Dans cette approche, la discrétisation spatiale est découplée de la distribution matérielle. Les effets de la méthode de discrétisation, de l’optimiseur et de la fraction de volume sont étudiés. Les résultats de l’approche par ajout de variables de localisation des nœuds sont prometteurs et suggèrent que cette approche pourrait constituer une alternative aux méthodes actuellement utilisées en optimisation topologique
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