39 research outputs found
Centring stigmatised underserved groups and limiting State competence to counter structural violence:: (Im)permissibility in International Law and South African Law of arrest and detention of undocumented asylum seekers during the asylum application process
No full textSouth Africa has the competence to regulate the entry and stay of asylum seekers in the country, and to introduce measures of arrest and detention in asylum applications. It enacted the Refugees Act in 1998, which gave effect to its international law obligations in terms of the three specific international and regional refugee law conventions: the 1951 UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, the 1967 UN Protocol relating to the status of refugees and the 1969 OAU Convention governing the specific aspects of refugee problems in Africa. It committed to providing meaningful protection to displaced persons who fled their home countries out of force and need. A key part of this commitment is to provide displaced persons seeking asylum with documentation to regularise their stay in the country. This study is concerned with South Africa's treatment of undocumented asylum seekers. South Africa's commitments in terms of the Act and to its international law obligations have been undone by its current legal framework and practices. Of particular importance is not only the State's failure to protect undocumented asylum seekers from arrest and detention through meaningful assistance during the application process, but also its preference to keep them in a state of being undocumented and therefore vulnerable to arrest and detention. The recent Refugees Amendment Act 11 of 2017 introduced measures that make it easier to arrest and detain undocumented asylum seekers, creating a precarious environment for those most in need of protection during the asylum application process. The study argues that the 2017 amendments (legal framework) and implementation (practices) create an untenable environment for undocumented asylum seekers and amounts to State structural violence. This finding of structural violence can never be permissible in international and constitutional law; therefore, South Africa's competence to introduce measures of arrest and detention in asylum applications must be limited. To respond to the structural violence, any approach formulated and applied must centre the rights and needs of this underserved group and guarantee positive steps are taken to undo structural violence. The study therefore puts forward standards to the limitation of South Africa's competence to regulate arrest and detention in the asylum application process. These standards may form a basis for a new legal and practical framework that centres the rights and needs of undocumented asylum seekers, protects them more substantively, and brings the State into compliance with its international and constitutional obligations
Constructing Outraged Communities and State Responses: The Taslima Nasreen Saga in 1994 and 2007
No full textTaslima Nasreen, the exiled Bangladeshi author, was forced to leave India, her adopted homeland, in March 2008 after being under ‘security protection’ for months following street agitation against her writings in Kolkata. The events between August 2007, when she was physically attacked in Hyderabad, and March 2008, when she left the country, were reminiscent of those in Bangladesh in 1994 which led to her departure from there. In both instances, the states’ responses were her forced removal from the country to placate the agitators. In this paper I analyze the events on the ground and the responses of the states. I argue that these events demonstrate how ‘outraged communities’ are constructed, and symbols are invented to mobilize the community. The role of state has received little attention in the extant discussions while I contend that states bear a significant responsibility in engendering the controversy
Physical and Spiritual Shades of Love in Taslima Nasreen’s Love Poems
No full textTaslima Nasreen is a Bangladeshi author whose name is always in the news. Sometimes it\u27s because she said something bold and honest about fanaticism, and other times it\u27s because she gave a voice to oppressed people who had never dared to say what they felt inside. Today, the world is moving forward in the area of technology. Art and writing are getting better and better as time goes on. Still, it\u27s sad to say that there is a corner where everything is dark, even though it looks like everything is fine from the outside. The author who has the courage to bring this darkness out into the open is Taslima Nasreen, who is not afraid of the oppressive powers. The poet in Taslima Nasreen can\u27t ignore how important it is to touch the body, which also needs to rest and feel safe. Love is the medicine that makes the body feel better. The kiss is a way to show love. When the poet has done everything from early morning until late in the evening, he or she is too tired. Love is what she needs. She is used to getting two kisses on the lips from her lover. She can\u27t get enough of love being shown through a kiss on her lips. She can\u27t picture being able to sleep or rest without a kiss from her lover
E-governance : a global journey
No full textNo abstract available.• Title Page
• Editors and Contributors
• Contents
• Introduction: e-Governance, a Global Journey
• Section I. E-Governance Visions
• The Impact of Inclusive e-Government Applications
• The Role of ICT in Social and Economic Development of Turkmenistan
• Section II. Local E-Governance
• Understanding IT Literacy in the Context of the Arab Region: A Study in Oman
• E-Tourism: A Catalyst for Promoting the East African Community as Competitive Tourist Destination
• E-Reconciliation in Rwanda
• Section III. Transversal Issues
• Implementing ICT for Governance in Fragile States - A Case Study of Afghanistan
• Work Organization and e-Governance
• Escaping Patchwork Adoption of ICTs in Developing Countries
• Enterprise Architecture Startup Model for Successful eGovernment for Post Conflict Countries
• Section IV. Future Issues
• Internet Access Commons
• e-Governance: Past, Present and Future: A Theoretical Framework for Prospective Policy Analysis
• Time to Gear Up for a Second Generation of eGOV Foresight
• Next Steps in e-Governance: Peoples' e-Participation
• Author Inde
Female Critics of Islamism: Liberal or Secular Islam?
No full text The author distinguishes between two types of criticism of Islamism: ‘liberal Islam’ and ‘secular Islam’. The meaning and consequences of this difference in approach is analyzed with reference to the work of Chadortt Djavann, Irshad Manji, Mina Ahadi and Taslima Nasreen. The difference of approach is especially relevant in the way one looks at ‘interpretation’. This will be illustrated by analyzing a discussion between Tariq Ramadan and Ayaan Hirsi Ali. </jats:p
Studies on Catalase Activity of Phosphine treated strains of saw‐toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.)
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Advance directives: A policy required in the Asian countries
No full textAdvancements in health care have resulted in elaborate treatments all over the world and contributed to problems at times for the terminally ill who need palliative care. Futile treatments have demonstrated to defuse the symptoms of the disease without curing. In such scenarios physicians only prolong life of patients, keeping them away from dying peacefully and depriving them from quality of life. In this context, families exhaust their financial and material resources for the treatment of their loved ones without any substantial results. Health care systems are passionate about prolonging life and are ignoring the component of caring by disregarding the patient\u27s rights. There are no existing policies about Advance Directives (ADs) in Pakistan and many other Asian countries, which result in ethical dilemmas among nurses and physicians. Thus, the decisions to limit the treatments such as ADs are needed in this age of modern medical technology. In this paper the author walks the audience through a scenario where she felt a dire necessity for a policy of ADs in an Asian country like Pakistan. This position paper reveals the ethical dilemma that is encountered, the position taken, supported by the ethical principles, the arguments, counter arguments and the justification for having the policy of ADs. Lastly, the final position has been stated and recommendations to implement the policy have been elaborated
(Re)Interrogating Camp and Refugees in Forced Migration Studies
No full textThis article is reproduced here with permission from the author and may be found online at http://www.mcrg.ac.in/rw%20files/RW61_62/RW61_62.pdf.Agamben points out that the camp situation reduces them to naked life, “absolute bio-political space…in which power confronts nothing other than pure biological life without any mediation,” yet refugees as residents of camps can reinterpret their existence in camps as politicised space. Most refugees located in North and South live separately from what is presumed to be normal and mainstream and their location beyond the city limits is an indication of their marginalisation and scant access to resources. Camp space becomes the paradigmatic of stratification on one hand, and diversification of membership prevalent in contemporary society. My paper will analyse the space within the domain of forced migration studies and suggest that like the refugees, camps too have become tools of society when it should have been rather a place of exception. The paper will engage theoretically with camps as loci within forced migration studies and critically addresses the following: a) the refugee-subject relation in developed and developing world, b) the interrelation between refugee subject and camp, and the usefulness of camp as an analytical tool to understand forced migration study
A Study on Byzantine Fault Tolerance Methods in Distributed Networks
No full textAbstractWith the evolution of new technologies, the growing reliance on networks has increased immensely. Such an advancement induces malicious attacks and software errors to occur frequently. Building robust network services that can tolerate a wide range of failure types is a fundamental problem in distributed systems. The most fundamental approach, called Byzantine fault tolerance, helps mask arbitrary failures exhibited by failing nodes. Here, the problem of reliably broadcasting messages in a mutli hop network is dealt, where some nodes are likely to fail. Most of the existing solutions require high network connectivity and these requirements become difficult to satisfy when the network grows large. In this paper, a study on various Byzantine fault tolerant methods has been carried out which has been developed and implemented by research experts in this field. These solutions are particularly customized to adapt to sparsely connected networks
