121,864 research outputs found
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
A machine learning system for carotid plaque vulnerability assessment based on ultrasound images
No full textPurpose/Background/Objectives: Carotid plaque vulnerability assessment is essential for the identification of high-risk patients. A specific mouse model for the study of carotid atherosclerosis has been recently developed. Aim of this study was to develop a predictive mathematical model for carotid plaque vulnerability assessment based on the post processing of micro-Ultrasound (μUS) images only.
Methods: 17 ApoE-/- male mice (16 weeks) were employed. After three weeks of high-fat diet, a tapered cast, designed to induce the formation of an unstable plaque upstream from the cast and a stable one downstream from it, was surgically placed around the right common carotid. μUS examination was repeated before the surgical procedure and after three months from it. Color-Doppler, B-mode and Pulsed-wave Doppler images were acquired to assess morphological, functional and hemodynamic parameters. In particular, texture analysis was applied on both the atherosclerotic lesions post-processing B-mode images. Peak velocity (Vp), Relative Turbolence Intensity (rTI) and velocity range (rangevel) were assessed from PW-Doppler images. Relative Distension (relD) and Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) were evaluated for both the regions. All the μUS indexes underwent a feature reduction process and were used to train different machine learning approaches.
Results: The downstream region presented higher PWV values than the upstream one; furthermore, it was characterized by higher values of rTI and rangevel. The weighted kNN classifier supplied the best providing 92.6% accuracy, 91% sensitivity and 94% specificity.
Conclusions: The mathematical predictive model could represent a valid approach to be translated in the clinical field and easily employed in clinical practice
Efficacy and safety of selegiline across different psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of oral and transdermal formulations
No full textSelegiline is an irreversible, selective type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) approved for Parkison's disease—oral and major depressive disorder—transdermal formulation) resulting in non-selective MAOI activity at oral doses≥20 mg/day. The present systematic review and meta-analysis appraises the evidence of different formulations/dosages of selegiline across different psychiatric conditions. We inquired PubMed/MEDLINE/Cochrane-Central/WHO-ICTRP/Clarivate-WebOfScience and the Chinese-Electronic-Journal Database from inception to 10/26/2022 for selegiline trials involving psychiatric patients. Random-effects meta-analyses assessed heterogeneity, publication/risk biases, and confidence in the evidence, followed by sensitivity, subgroup, and meta-regression analyses. Co-primary outcomes were: changes in symptom score (standardized mean difference=SMD) and author-defined response (risk ratios=RRs). RRs of adverse events and all-cause discontinuation were secondary and acceptability outcomes, respectively. Systematic-review included 42 studies; meta-analysis, 23. Selegiline outperformed placebo in depressive symptom reduction (SMD=-0.96, 95%C.I.=-1.78, -0.14, k = 10, n = 1,308), depression (RR=1.61, 95%C.I.=1.20, 2.15, k = 9, n = 1,238) and atypical-depression response (RR=2.23, 95%C.I.=1.35, 3.68, k = 3, n = 136). Selegiline failed to outperform the placebo in negative (k = 4) or positive symptoms of schizophrenia (k = 4), attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms reduction (k = 2), and smoking abstinence rate (k = 4). Selegiline did not differ from methylphenidate and ADHD scores (k = 2). No significant difference emerged in acceptability, incident diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and nausea RRs, in contrast to xerostomia (RR=1.58, 95%C.I. =1.03, 2.43, k = 6, n = 1,134), insomnia (RR=1.61, 95%C.I.=1.19, 2.17, k = 10, n = 1,768), and application-site reaction for transdermal formulation (RR=1.81, 95%C.I.=1.40, 2.33, k = 6, n = 1,662). Confidence in findings was low/very-low for most outcomes; moderate for depressive symptoms reduction (transdermal). Selegiline proved effective, safe, and well-tolerated for depressive disorders, yet further evidence is warranted about specific psychiatric disorders
Effect of statins on soluble CD40 liqand in hypercholesterolemic type 2 diabetic patients
No full textHypercholesterolemia and Type 2 diabetes are well-recognized risk factors for cardiovascular disease, promoted by a condition of subclinical inflammation and a hypercoagulable state. Soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), a marker of vascular inflammation, seems to predict vascular damage in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Beside the lipid-lowering effect, statins seem to slow the progression of atherosclerosis through a series of antiinflammatory effects, including a reduction of sCD40L levels. This study compared the effect of a short-term (12 weeks) treatment with rosuvastatin or simvastatin on some markers of inflammation in 36 patients with Type 2 diabetes and moderate hypercholesterolemia. As expected, both drugs significantly modified lipid profile; moreover, rosuvastatin and simvastatin were both able to significantly reduce albumin excretion rate in these patients, without affecting urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. Serum homocysteine was not influenced by the treatment, as interleukin-6 levels, while C reactive protein diminished; moreover, rosuvastatin, but not simvastatin, was able to significantly reduce sCD40L. The only clinical parameter related with the variations in sCD40L was systolic blood pressure. In hypercholesterolemic Type 2 diabetic patients, sCD40L, a factor playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and associated with more rupture-prone lesions, is reduced by short-term treatment with rosuvastatin. ©2008, Editrice Kurtis
Effect of statins on soluble CD40 ligand in hypercholesterolemic Type 2 diabetic patients
No full textHypercholesterolemia and Type 2 diabetes are well-recognized risk factors for cardiovascular disease, promoted by a condition of subclinical inflammation and a hypercoagulable state. Soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), a marker of vascular inflammation, seems to predict vascular damage in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Beside the lipid-lowering effect, statins seem to slow the progression of atherosclerosis through a series of anti-inflammatory effects, including a reduction of sCD40L levels. This study compared the effect of a short-term (12 weeks) treatment with rosuvastatin or simvastatin on some markers of inflammation in 36 patients with Type 2 diabetes and moderate hypercholesterolemia. As expected, both drugs significantly modified lipid profile; moreover, rosuvastatin and simvastatin were both able to significantly reduce albumin excretion rate in these patients, without affecting urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. Serum homocysteine was not influenced by the treatment, as interleukin-6 levels, while C reactive protein diminished; moreover, rosuvastatin, but not simvastatin, was able to significantly reduce sCD40L. The only clinical parameter related with the variations in sCD40L was systolic blood pressure. In hypercholesterolemic Type 2 diabetic patients, sCD40L, a factor playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and associated with more rupture-prone lesions, is reduced by short-term treatment with rosuvastatin
Dissipative Range Scaling of Higher Order Structure Functions for Velocity and Passive Scalars
No full textDifferently to Kolmogorov's second similarity hypothesis, we find that the 2n-th order velocity and scalar structure functions scale with n-th order moment of the energy dissipation and the scalar dissipation, respectively. The origins of this scaling are analyzed by the transport equations of the fourth order velocity and scalar increment moments and by direct numerical simulations
Fast implementation of iterative adaptive approach for wideband unambiguous radar detection
No full textAccepted author manuscriptMicrowave Sensing, Signals & System
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