1,720,966 research outputs found
Dental implants surface roughness can influence bacterial site infection? A clinical in vivo prospective clinical study on 109 patients, preliminary results on radiologic evaluation.
No full textDental implants are intended to provide long-term reliable dental restorations. Limited
data exist on the comparison between different implant surfaces. This study aims to investigate if the
surface topography and roughness might increase the bacterial adhesion and intensify the possibility
of implant failure in patients with and without a previous history of periodontal disease. Surface
topography and roughness are some of the aspects that can be easily manipulated by resorting to
post-production surface treatments and that play an important role in the determination of cellular
response, influencing adhesion, adsorption and differentiation
Evaluation of Masticatory Muscles in Adult Patients with Maxillary Hypoplasia Treated with Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion (SARME): A Retrospective Study
Full text linkAim: The aim of the present study was to investigate modifications in electromyographic activity of temporal and masseter muscles before and after surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) in adult subjects. Materials and Methods: Data from 20 patients with unilateral posterior crossbite were selected retrospectively from the Orthodontics Department of the University of Genoa and the Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences of the University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan. Inclusion criteria were set as skeletal class I; adult patients (age > 18); good general health; patients with a transverse maxillary deficiency with unilateral posterior crossbite and maxillary constriction ≥ 5 mm; Superficial electromyographic (EMG) examinations at T0 and T1. Exclusion criteria were smoking, metabolic bone diseases (e.g., hyperparathyroidism, vitamin C deficiency), chronic use of corticoids before or during treatment, parafunctional habits (e.g., bruxism), and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The Shapiro–Wilk test was performed to check whether the data were normally distributed. Differences for each variable before and after SARME were analyzed with a paired t-test (p < 0.05). Results: The statistical analysis demonstrated no statistically significant differences between the EMG values taken before and after SARME regarding the standardized electrical activity of the masticatory muscles (masseter and anterior temporalis (p > 0.05)). Conclusions: Considering the specific conditions of this study, it can be concluded that SARME did not alter the EMG activity of the masseter and temporal muscles. The present study has shown that the masticatory musculature evaluated after approximately 8 months of therapy can adapt well to SARME
Apical Leakage Evaluation of Two Different Coated Carrier Systems for Root Canal Obturation Using a Dye Penetration Evaluation Method
No full textAim: The carrier-based obturation is a reliable technique for sealing the endodontic space. The GuttaCore with a pink internal core of cross-linked gutta-percha, named GuttaCore Pink, has been recently introduced into the market. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the quality of the apical seal of two-carrier-based system, Soft Core and the GuttaCore Pink, through the measurement of apical dye leakage. Materials and methods: Eighty-six extracted human teeth with single canals were used. Samples were shaped using ProTaper Universal rotary files up to a #30 apical size and randomly divided into four groups. Group SC (n = 40) was obturated with #30 Soft Core Obturators; Group GCP (n = 40) was obturated with #30 GuttaCore Pink obturators; Group CT+ (n = 3) and CT– (n = 3) left nonobturated used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The samples underwent a process of passive/active dye penetration and after a clearing procedure. The extent of the dye was measured under stereomicroscope. Results: The Mann-Whitney U test showed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between Soft Core and GuttaCore Pink in terms of apical dye leakage, both considering the mean and the maximum infiltration value with a greater infiltration rate for Soft Core. Conclusion: In vitro GuttaCore Pink showed less apical dye leakage than Soft Core. Clinical significance: The apical leakage of carrier-based obturation materials, observed in both GuttaCore Pink and Soft Core, may be considered material-dependent
Reduction of Multispecies Biofilms on an Acrylic Denture Base Model by Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Natural Photosensitizers
No full textObjectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) using natural photosensitizers (curcumin, riboflavin, and phycocyanin) and light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation against multispecies biofilms in an acrylic denture base model. Materials and Methods: Forty-five acrylic specimens were fabricated using heat-curing acrylic resin. The specimens were then infected with a mixed culture of bacterial and fungal species (including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata) for 4 days. The acrylic discs were divided into nine groups, with each group containing five discs: control, 0.2% chlorhexidine, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, curcumin, riboflavin, phycocyanin alone or along with LED. After treatment, the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) per milliliter was counted. In addition, the extent of biofilm degradation was assessed using the crystal violet staining method and scanning electron microscopy. Results: All experimental groups exhibited a significant reduction in colony numbers for both bacterial and fungal species compared to the control (p < 0.001). The PDT groups exhibited a statistically significant reduction in colony counts for both bacteria and fungi compared to the photosensitizer-only groups. Conclusions: The results of this in vitro study show that PDT with natural photosensitizers and LED devices can effectively reduce the viability and eradicate the biofilm of microorganisms responsible for causing denture infections
Mitochondrial bioenergetic, photobiomodulation and trigeminal branches nerve damage, what’s the connection? A review
No full textBackground: Injury of the trigeminal nerve in oral and maxillofacial surgery can occur. Schwann cell mitochondria are regulators in the development, maintenance and regeneration of peripheral nerve axons. Evidence shows that after the nerve injury, mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction occurs and is associated with pain, neuropathy and nerve regeneration deficit. A challenge for research is to individuate new therapies able to normalise mitochondrial and energetic metabolism to aid nerve recovery after damage. Photobiomodulation therapy can be an interesting candidate, because it is a technique involving cell manipulation through the photonic energy of a non-ionising light source (visible and NIR light), which produces a nonthermal therapeutic effect on the stressed tissue. Methods: The review was based on the following questions: (1) Can photo-biomodulation by red and NIR light affect mitochondrial bioenergetics? (2) Can photobiomodulation support damage to the trigeminal nerve branches? (preclinical and clinical studies), and, if yes, (3) What is the best photobiomodulatory therapy for the recovery of the trigeminal nerve branches? The papers were searched using the PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases. This review followed the ARRIVE-2.0, PRISMA and Cochrane RoB-2 guidelines. Results and conclusions: The reliability of photobiomod-ulatory event strongly bases on biological and physical-chemical evidence. Its principal player is the mitochondrion, whether its cytochromes are directly involved as a photoacceptor or indirectly through a vibrational and energetic variation of bound water: water as the photoacceptor. The 808-nm and 100 J/cm2 (0.07 W; 2.5 W/cm2; pulsed 50 Hz; 27 J per point; 80 s) on rats and 800-nm and 0.2 W/cm2 (0.2 W; 12 J/cm2; 12 J per point; 60 s, CW) on humans resulted as trustworthy therapies, which could be supported by extensive studies
Evaluating the Marginal Integrity and Clinical Outcome of Posterior Zirconia In lay-Retained Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Randomized Clinical Trial
No full textPurpose: To assess the short-term outcomes of two different conservative preparation designs for posterior zirconia inlay-retained fixed dental prostheses (IRFDPs) and to analyze the marginal integrity of such restorations. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with a missing maxillary first molar participated in this study and were divided randomly into two groups: one that received abutment preparations for inlay retainers (ID group, n = 20), including a proximal box and an occlusal extension, and one that received only proximal box preparations (PB group, n = 10). Zirconia IRFDPs were bonded in position and followed up after 2 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and then annually. The in situ restorations were duplicated utilizing a single-step putty/ wash impression technique at the 2-week and 2-year follow-up visits. Restoration margins were evaluated under scanning electron microscopy, and marginal continuity was calculated as a percentage of the whole margin at the tooth-cement (TC) interface and the zirconia-cement (ZC) interface. Results: After a mean observation period of 26.2 months, all restorations were still in function. The only complication encountered was debonding of restorations; however, they were re-bonded back in place without issue. The cumulative Kaplan-Meier 2-year survival rate for the IRFDPs was 86.6%. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding percentage of continuous margins (P < .05) after 2 years, with the percentage of continuous margins in the ID group at 92.8% and 91.5% at the TC and ZC interfaces, respectively, and in the PB group at 84.1% and 78.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Zirconia-based monolithic IRFDPs can be recommended for short-term replacement of a single maxillary molar. Int J Prosthodont 2021;34:324–333.doi: 10.11607/ijp.708
pH Evaluation over a Period of 6 months of Two-bottle Water-based Self-etching Primers: An In Vitro Study
No full text
Effectiveness of Activated Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation by Shock Wave-Enhanced Emission Photoacoustic Streaming, Sonic and Ultrasonic Devices in Removing Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm From Root Canal System
No full textAim: To compare shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) with sonic- and ultrasonically activated irrigation systems in removing Enterococcus faecalis biofilm from the root canal system. Methodology: Fifty human single-canalled mandibular premolars were included in the study. After access cavity preparation, the root canals were prepared to a standardized size and taper. Then, the entire root surface was covered with two layers of resin, and the root apices were sealed before sterilization. All root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis biofilm, and the samples were incubated aerobically for 2 weeks at 37 °C. Biofilm formation was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. All samples were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10 each) based on their irrigation activation method as A (no treatment or negative control), B (no irrigation or positive control), C (sonically activated irrigation (SAI)), D (ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI)), and E (needle irrigation activated by an Er: YAG laser device using a SWEEPS quartz tip (SWEEPS)). Then, dentine chips were retrieved, vortexed, and diluted for colony-forming unit counts. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey tests (α = 5%). Results: All methods could significantly reduce E. faecalis biofilm compared with control so that the UAI, SWEEPS, and SAI groups indicated a 23.54%, 14.89%, and 7.81% biofilm reduction, respectively. UAI demonstrated a significantly more effective reduction of E. faecalis biofilm than SAI (p = 0.004). Conclusions: All irrigation activation methods significantly reduced E. faecalis biofilm, with ultrasonic use being the most effective
Method Presentation of a New Integrated Orthodontic-Conservative Approach for Minimally Invasive Full Mouth Rehabilitation: Speed Up Therapy
Full text linkThe materials available today allow for extensive oral rehabilitations in a non-invasive way, and often an orthodontic preparation is useful and, thanks to the use of clear aligners, is predictable and comfortable. A preliminary study of the wax-up, mock-up, and set-up allow the clinician to plan every aspect of the treatment in detail. Furthermore, the procedure offers the patient an intuitive and understandable view of the expected final result. The new proposed method, called “speed up therapy”, allows for the integration of the orthodontic set-up with the mock-up technique, simulating the occlusal and aesthetic components of the planned restoration, in all details. The clinical case presented, demonstrates step by step the predictability and clinical reliability of the proposed procedure. The final clinical result coincides exactly with the initial mock-up and demonstrates that the proposed method is predictable and reliable. The correct execution of the technique is rigorously customized, and its success is operator dependent, both for the clinical aspects and for the dental laboratory. Thus, the visualization of the objectives of the treatment constitutes a decisive support for the clinician and provides the patient with the possibility of benefiting from an immediate improvement by making it easier for them to accept a treatment plan. The visualization also includes an orthodontic phase that potentially lengthens the treatment but makes the realization more conservative and predictable
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