1,721,008 research outputs found
The impact of aerobic exercises on women with overweight and obesity on body anthropometric parameters, aerobic capacity, mood and cognitive function.
No full textObject of the research: the impact of aerobic exercise on antropometry indicators, aerobic capacity, mood and cognitive function of obese and overweight woman. Despite abundant evidence that physical inactivity increases the risk of various diseases and significantly reduces life expectancy (Schoenborn & Stommel, 2011; Lee et al., 2012), 27 percent of men and 35 percent of women in high-income countries are not sufficiently physically active (Hallal et al., 2012; WHO, 2017). In addition, according to 2014 data of the World Health Organization, 40 percent of women around the world are overweight and 15 percent are obese (men: 38 percent and 11 percent respectively) (WHO, 2016). With the industry and modern technology growth, these two numbers are still growing. In particular, women outnumber men by lack of physical activity and higher body mass index (Hallal et al., 2012). In some foreign researchers' works the links can be found between aerobic exercises as an effective way to reduce body weight (Botero et al. 2014; Maisarah et al., 2016), increase aerobic power and endurance (Botero et al. 2014), between aerobic exercises and cognitive functions (Gomez-Pinilla & Hillman 2013; Prickett et al., 2015 Heijnen et al., 2016.) and improved personal mood (Bernstein & McNally, 2016.). There are negative links between the personal weight of cognitive function (Smith et al., 2011; Gomez-Pinilla & Hillman 2013; Nguyen et al., 2014; Heijnen et al., 2016). The comparison of the impact of exercises on land and exercises in water on cognitive function change was not noticed. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to determine what form of aerobic exercises (land or water) is more effective for women with overweight and obesity, body anthropometric characteristics, aerobic power, mood and cognitive function. Objectives: 1. Evaluate and compare body anthropometric indicators of people involved in the research through aerobic exercises on land and in water. 2. To evaluate and compare people involved in the research mood through aerobic exercises on land and in water. 3. To evaluate and compare the aerobic power of people involved in the research through aerobic exercises on land and in water. 4. To evaluate and compare the cognitive function of people involved in the research through aerobic exercises on land and in water. Hypothesis: on the basis of previously conducted studies (Botero et al. 2014; Maisarah et al., 2016) we believe that after the application of aerobic exercises, both land and water groups, aerobic power and anthropometric indicators will change positively, but there will be no difference between the groups. The cognitive function and mood will be better for those who took water aerobic exercises, due to positive emotions, which will result in higher levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which stimulates positive human cognitive functions and mood (Polman et al., 2007). Conclusions: 1. Both aerobic exercises performed in water and on land significantly improved anthropometric indicators, but there was no difference between the groups. 2. Both aerobic exercises performed in water and on land significantly improved the mood of people involved in the research, but there was no difference between the groups. 3. Both aerobic exercises performed in water and on land significantly increased aerobic capacity but there was no difference between the groups. 4. Both aerobic exercises performed in water and on land significantly improved cognitive flexibilit and short-term memory. A ignificantly improvement of the working memmory was on land group. Suggestions and recommendations: 1. In our study, both water and land-based aerobic exercises were equally effective and significantly reduced women anthropometric indicators, aerobic capacity and mood without any dietary adjustments. It can be argued that this is an effective way to deal with obesity and improve cognitive funkctions. We recommend to start exercises in water, especially if a woman has a high BMI or joint problems, then to continue exercising on land. And exercising 3-4 times/60 minutes a week starting from smaller physical exertion and gradually increasing it depending on how the woman and her body tolerates it. 2. Suggestions for future research: it is possible that cognitive function results obtained during our study were not effective as exercises were monotonous and performed at the same place. Maybe, the place and conditions of the exercises should be varied, as different and interesting environment promotes plasticity function, which results in improved cognitive function (Heijnen et al., 2016). It would also be interesting to explore the male population
The effect of dance therapy on people with parkinson‘s disease, gait and balance: analysis of clinical trials.
No full textObjectives: to identify the effectiveness of dance therapy on gait and balance for patients with Parkinson’s disease. Aims: 1. To analyse clinical trials in order to identify the effectiveness of dance therapy for patients with parkinsonian gait. 2. To analyse clinical trials in order to identify the effectiveness of dance therapy on balance for patients with Parkinson’s disease. Research methods: The literature for analysis has been selected based on the following criteria: patients with Parkinson’s disease; the intervention of dance therapy; assessments based on Timed Up & Go test, Berg Balance Scale and Unified Parkinson’s disease scale (UPDS). The patients were selected no younger than 40 years old; the articles analysed were in English language (PuMed); Results: The findings have shown that the intervention of dance therapy gives positive results to those with Parkinson’s disease. The patients have significantly improved in Berg balance scale, their gait, motor function and overall quality of life has improved. To sum up, the dance therapy is an effective tool for patients with Parkinson’s disease. Conclusions: 1. The analysis of the existing literature has shown that dance therapy has the ability to improve Parkinsonian gait 2. The analysis of the literature has also shown that dance therapy has the ability to improve the balance for patients with Parkinson’s disease
The effect of physiotherapy and mirror therapy for phantom pain and thigh muscle force after transfemoral.
No full textThe object: effects of physiotherapy with mirror therapy for phantom pain and thigh muscle strength after transfemoral. The objective: the alteration of phant pain and thigh muscle after physiotherapy and mirror therapy. Hyptohesis: We consider, that the application of physiotherapy with mirror therapy helps to reduce phantom pain and improve muscle strenght better than physiotherapy without mirror therapy. The aims: 1. To compare phantom pain and muscle force in the beginning of physiotherapy and after physiothepy. 2. To compare phantom pain and muscle force in the beginning of physiotherapy and after physiotherapy with mirrot therapy. 3. To compare physiotherapy with mirror therapy and physiotherapy without mirror therpy for phantom pain and muscle force. Results: Beginning of the study, the control group subjects phantom pain score 6.17 ± 0.75, experimental group subjects - 6.83 ± 0.75 points. End of the study, the control group - 5.86 ± 0.75, experimental group - 5.17 ± 0.75 points. Before physical therapy in the control group after the amputation, the thigh muscle stretching force was 3.00 ± 0.00, flexion - 3.33 ± 0.52, attracting - 2.83 ± 0.51 and distracting - 2.50 ± 0.55 scores, the experimental group, the thigh, the muscle strength was 3.17 ± 0.47, stretching - 3.00±0.00, attracting - 2.67±0.47 and distracting-2.83±0.37 points. Application of physical therapy procedures, after 3 weeks, the control group, after the amputation, the thigh flexion strength was 4.33 ± 0.52, stretching - 3.67 ± 0.52, attracting - 3.83 ± 0.41 and hip distracting - 3.17 ± 0.41 points, the experimental group hip flexion strength was 4.17 ± 0.37, construction thigh strength - 3.83 ± 0.3, thigh attraction force - 3.67 ± 0, 47 and hip abduction strength - 3.33 ± 0.47 points. Conclusions: 1. Phantom pain not significantly reduced but muscle force significantly increased after physiotherapy procedures after transfemoral amputation. 2. Phantom pain significantly reduced and muscle forcet significantly increased afterphysiotherapy with mirror therapy procedures after transfemoral amputation. 3. Physiotherapy with mirror therapy has more reduced phantom pain than conventional physiotherapy but there was no significantly impact of different procedures on muscle force
The effect of different physical therapy programs in combination with diet on body composition and balance for overweight or obese women.
No full textObject: the effect of water and land aerobic exercise in combination with diet for overweight or obese women on body composition and balance. Problem. Globally, there are more than 1,9 billion overweight adults, at least 300 million of them are clinically obese (WHO, 2016). Women are more likely to be obese than men (Fleming et al., 2013, Song et al., 2014). People who are overweight or obese have a higher risk of many serious health conditions, including type-2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, cancer and overall mortality (Finkelstein et al., 2007; Fjelstad et al., 2008). Obesity affects balance and quality of life and could increase risk of falls (Mitchell et al., 2014). Caloric intake reduction and aerobic exercise can lead to significant weight loss (Swift et al., 2014; Keating et al., 2015) but the effect of water aerobic exercise on overweight or obese women remain unknown. Moreover, it is not known whether water or land aerobic exercise will be more effective on overweight or obese women balance. Purpose: to evaluate and compare the effect of water and land aerobic exercice in combination with diet for overweight or obese women body composition and balance. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the effect of water and land aerobic exercise in combination with diet on body composition characteristics for overweight or obese women; 2. To evaluate the effect of water and land aerobic exercise in combination with diet on balance characteristics for overweight or obese women. Hypothesis. previous research has proven that both land and water aerobic exercise has effect on overweight or obese women body composition paramethers (Kantyka et al., 2015; Stephano et al., 2016). We expect similar reduction of body composition paramethers after using water and land treadmill in composition with diet. It has been suggested that because there is no stationary resting position in water, muscles are activated continuously to stabilize the positions of the body (Glass & Blanchette, 2016), thats why we think that aerobic exercises on water treadmill will be more effective on overweight or obese women balance than aerobic exercises on land treadmill. Results: 1. Both land and water aerobic exercise in combination with diet helped to reduce overweight or obese women weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, waist and hips circumference and waist-hip ratio, but there was no difference between groups; 2. Both land and water aerobic exercise in combination with diet helped to improve overweight or obese women balance, but static balance in water was greater, compared to land. There was no difference between groups. Recommendations: 1. Both land and water aerobic exercises in combination with diet are recommended to improve overweight or obese women balance and body composition paramethers, but water aerobic exercise is more recommended to improve static balance paramethers . 2. Water aerobic exercises might be more suitable for overweight or obese women than land aerobic exercises because it is less weight bearing and reduces risks of injuries and discomfort. 3. Further research is necessary on overweight or obese men population because our research covered only overweight and obese women population
The relationships of cognitive functions and motor functions in older adults.
No full textObjective: To assess the relationships of cognitive and motor function in older adults. Methods: 30 young adults (18—30 years) and 30 older adults (60—75 years) had participaled in the research. Cognitive function were evaluated with the help of the automated neuropsychological assessment metrics (ANAM) from wich three tasks were chosen: the simple reaction time (simple attention), two choise reaction time (attention flexibility) and maching to sample (spatial working memory). Precise movements were evaluated with the target tracking task from (PEBL). The capacity was evaluated with the 6 minute walkig test. Equilibrium was assessed with the Fullerton balance scale. Results: Cognitive and motor functions of older adults were significantly weaker that of young adults (p < 0.05). Statistically significant correlations between cognitive and motor functions were not ascertained. Statistically significant medium potency correlations were ascertained between precise movement task mean deviation and simple task reaction time (r = 0.397; p < 0.05); matching to sample task correct answers with mean deviation (r = -0,506; p < 0,05) and time on target (r = 0,380; p < 0,05). Conclusions: Aging negatively affects simple attention, attention flexibility and working spatial memory. Aging has a negative impact on physical capacity, equilibrium and precise movement control. At old age physical capacity is not related with simple attention, attention flexibility and working memory. Equilibrium is not related with simple attention, attention flexibility and working memory at old age. Precise movement control is related with working spatial memory but not with simple attention or attention flexibility
Physical exercise effects depression and anxiety level of persons with depression.
No full textExamination object: people that are suffering from depression, anxiety, while applying physical exercises. Examination purpose: to determine the effects of the exercise on people who are suffering from depression and anxiety. Objectives of the study: 1.To determine physical exercises influence on people with depression, anxiety and depression levels. 2. Diagnose physical exercises influence on people with depression to determine their physical capacity. 3. Set the connection between physical fitness, depression and anxiety levels. Hypothesis: It is believed that physical exercises will reduce the number of people who are suffering from depression, and anxiety, which will also increase theirphysical capacity. Results. Exercise program have significantly reduced (p < 0.05), depression and anxiety levels and increased (p < 0.05) physical capacity. Also there was established a negative correlation (r = – 0, 42, p < 0.05) between physical fitness, depression and anxiety. Conclusion. Summarizing the results of the examination: 1.After the exercise program people with depression and anxiety levels are reduced. 2. After the exercise program people with depression, physical capacity is increased. 3. Established negative interaction (r = – 0.42) between depression symptoms and physical capacity. Suggestions and recommendations: 1.Results of the accomplished examination allows us to assert that physical exercises has a positive effect on people who suffer from depression, increasing their physical capacity and reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. Therefore, it is appropriate to apply the physical training for people with depression. 2. Established interactions between physical capacity, depression and anxiety symptoms. The most important thing is the increment of physical capacity. 3. Physical fitness training methods need to becomea fun pastime in order to increase the motivation of examined people, so they could remain active throughout their lives. 4. In order to achieve physical and psychosocial well–being, it is recommended to combine physical exercises with standard depression treatment methods, which would result in the greatest effect
Effects of land and water physiotherapy on the amplitude of neck movements, muscle spasticity, skull flattening and motor development in infants with congenital muscular torticollis.
No full textThe research problem: It is unclear which intervention is the most effective on infants with congenital muscular torticollis, range of motion, muscle tone, plagiocephaly and motor development. The aim: Evaluate and compare the effects of land and water physiotherapy on the neck range of motion, muscle tone, plagiocephaly and motor development in infants with congenital muscular torticollis. Hypotesis: According to the authors (Matsumoto ir kt., 2016; Veldema and Jansen, 2020; Saqueto et al., 2019) we think that physiotherapy in water is more effective than physiotherapy on land in order to increase range of motion, decrease spasticity and improve motor development. Objectives: Evaluate and compare the effects of land and water physiotherapy on the (1) neck range of motion, (2) muscle spasticity, (3) plagiocephaly and (4) motor development in infants with congenital muscular torticollis. Methods: In the experiment participated 30 subjects, from ages between 0-12 months old. The subjects randomly separated into 2 groups: physiotherapy on land and physiotherapy in water. Before starting the experiment the motor development condition was evaluated applying the Munich developmental diagnostics and collected the measurement data, neck movement amplitude – measured with a goniometer, muscle spasticity valuated by the modified Ashworth scale, the plagiocephaly was measured using a craniometer. The investigation happened before the experiment after 8 weeks. the experiment was going on for 8 weeks, 2 times a week, each activity was around 45min. were on land and water. Results: There was set a meaningful neck movement amplitude rise (p<0,05), muscle spasticity reduction (p<0,05), skull cranial vault asymmetry reduction (p<0,05) and coefficient of motor development rise (p<0,05). Also a meaningful difference between the groups was set, motor development statistically meaningfully improved KIN in water, compared to KIN on land group. Conclusions: Both physiotherapy on land and in water increased neck range on motion, decreased the muscle spasticity and decreased plagiocephaly. However motor development in water was more effective
The effect of special physical exercises on persons with Parkinson's disease balance.
No full textObject of study: persons with Parkinson‘s disease static and dinamic balance after special physical exercises. Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common chronic neurodegenerative disease (Massano & Bhatia, 2012). As the disease progresses, many people with PD experience difficulties with walking and balance and this can affect patients‘ ability to participate in work, family, community and social activities (Bloem et al., 2004; Boonstra, 2008). Gait disorders and balance disturbances are associated with immobility, falls and risk of injury (Morris et al., 2012). Fallings are often accompanied with physical, psychological and social problems. Additionally, it may significantly reduce patient‘s trust on their balance, promote sedentary lifestyle and reduce the quality of life (Morris et al., 2011). The aim of this study is to determine the effect of special physical exercises on static and dynamic balance for individuals with Parkinson's disease. Goals of the study: 1. To evaluate people with Parkinson‘s disease balance before special physical exercises and compare with healthy elderly. 2. To evaluate influence of special physical exercises on static and dynamic balance people with Parkinson‘s disease. 3. To evaluate people with Parkinson‘s disease balance after special physical exercises and compare with healthy elderly. Hypothesis: we hypothesize that special physical exercise will improve static and dynamic balance in Parkinson's disease subjects. Conclusions: 1. Before special physical exercises program persons with Parkinson‘s disease and persons with similar age, static and dynamic balance was worst. 2. After special physical exercises program, persons with Parkinson‘s disease, static and dynamic balance significantly changed. 3. After special physical exercises program, people‘s with Parkinson‘s disease results remained worser than in comparison with healthy, similar age persons
The effect of aerobic exercise on the cognitive funcions, balance and coordination of children with mixed specific developmental disorders.
No full textProblem of the research: Mixed development disorders are detected more and more often for childrens. Cognitive funcions, language, small and large motorics of the children gets disrupted. But untill now, it‘s not clear what treatment is most effective for children with mixed developmental disorders. The aim: to identify and evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on the cognitive functions, balance and coordination of children with mixed specific developmental disorders. The objectives: 1. To determine and evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on the cognitive function in children with mixed developmental disorders 2. To determine and evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on the balance in children with mixed developmental disorder. 3. To determine and evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on the coordination in children with mixed developmental disorder. Research methods: 30 children took part in research. All children were splitted into two groups: control group (n=15) and research group (n=15). Aerobic load was applied for research group for 4 weeks, 5 times a week, one session of 35 minutes of simple physiotherapy and 20 minutes of aerobics excercises. Control group got course only of simple physiotherapy. Children were tested before the course and after it. RechaCom system was used for evaluation of cognitive functions, Berg scale – for evaluation of balance, and eye-hand coordination exercise – for evaluation of coordination.. Conclusions: 1. Aerobic exercises improve the cognitive functions of children with mixed developmental disorder: work and spatial memory, reaction time, but do not affect the accumulation. 2. Aerobic exercises improve the balance of children with mixed developmental disorders. 3. Aerobic exercises improve the coordination of children with mixed developmental disorder
The effect of a six-day fasting on anthropometry, body composition, perceived stress, and neuromuscular function.
No full textThe problem of our study. Water only fasting ad libitum is an effective intervention for weight loss, disease treatment and improvement of health indicators. However, long-term fasting lasting more than 4 days is not well investigated. As a result of hypoglycemia during fasting, a metabolic switch occurs, when ketone bodies become the main energy source for the body, the activity of the sympathetic nervous system increases, which determines the body's adaptation to stressful conditions, and maintain the motor system active, which is important for survival. However, the effect of prolonged fasting on neuromuscular function have not been well established. Therefore, it is not known how the metabolic switching in the body and the perceived stress during the six-day fasting period can effect individual levels of the neuromuscular system, i.e. the brain and spinal cord (central level) and muscle (peripheral level). The aim of the study. To determine the influence of six-day fasting on anthropometry, body composition, perceived stress and neuromuscular function. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the influence of six-day fasting on anthropometry and body composition. 2. To evaluate the influence of six-day fasting on the perceived stress. 3. To evaluate the influence of six-day fasting on neuromuscular function. 4. To evaluate the influence of six-day fasting on neuromuscular fatigue. Hypothesis. Based on the research data, we believe that six-day fasting will reduce the indicators of body composition, increase ketosis and the activity of the sympathetic nervous system due to stress, but the neuromuscular system functions will not be deteriorated neither at its peripheral or central level. Methods. Ten healthy men completed six-day water only fasting ad libitum. Body composition, heart rate, blood glucose and ketone concentrations, maximal voluntary contraction and nonvoluntary contraction torque, peripheral and central neuromuscular fatigue were evaluated before fasting, after 6 days of fasting and after 7 days of recovery with usual diet. Results. After six-day fasting, body weight, body fat, fat-free mass and total body water were significantly reduced (p 0,05) after fasting. Fasting had no effect on maximal voluntary contraction torque and nonvoluntary contraction torque before fatiguing sustained isometric contraction task (p > 0,05), but did significantly reduced central activation (p 0,05) and significantly reduced peripheral low-frequency fatigue (p < 0,05). Conclusions. A six-day fasting resulted in a significant reduction in body weight due to a decrease in fat and fat-free mass, which remained significantly reduced after 7 days of recovery. Fasting had no effect on autonomic nervous system, maximal voluntary contraction torque and nonvoluntary contraction torque, but reduced central activation before fatiguing sustained isometric contraction task, which recovered after 7 days of recovery. A six-day fasting had no effect on central fatigue and reduced peripheral low-frequency fatigue after fatiguing sustained isometric contraction task, which increased again after 7 days of recovery
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