1,798 research outputs found
HETERODINUCLEAR GROUP-6 METALLACARBORANES - SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF [CLOSO-3,3,3-(CO)3-3-SNPH3-3,1,2-MC2B9H11]-(M = CR, MO, W)
No full textHeterodinuclear group 6 metallacarborane anions [closo-3,3,3-(CO)3-3-SnPh3-3,1,2-MC2B9H11]-(M = Cr, 2; Mo, 3; W, 4) were prepared from the equimolar reaction systems of Tl2C2B9H11/M(CO)3(MeCN)3/SnPh3Cl/(PPN)Cl in MeCN as the [PPN]+ (PPN+ = bis(triphenylphophoranylidene ammonium cation) salts and were characterized by various means including multinuclear NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystals of [PPN].4 are monoclinic, C2/c, with a = 45.777(4), b = 11.669(1), c = 26.826(3) angstrom, beta = 125.134(2)degrees, V = 11718 angstrom 3 and Z = 8. Convergence was achieved with R (R(w)) = 6.7 (8.0)% for 5487 (I > 3-sigma(I)) observed reflections. The nido anion C2B9H11(2-) interacts with W via the C2B3 pentagonal] plane and forms the closo WC2B9 geometry. The W-Sn distance of 2.825(1) angstrom and the observation of 1J(Sn-119-W-183) = 262 Hz in Sn-119 NMR spectrum of 4 establish the presence of a W-Sn bonding interaction. The structural integrities of 2, 3 and 4 are similar and each compound remains intact in solution.Korea Science and Engineering
Foundation and in part by the Office of Naval Researc
Cytotoxic mechanism of Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin in CPAE cells
No full textVibrio vulnificus is an estuarian bacterium that causes septicemia and serious wound infection. The cytolysin, one of the important virulence determinants in V. vulnificus infection, has been reported to have lethal activity primarily by increasing pulmonary vascular permeability. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanism of V. vulnificus cytolysin in cultured pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells, which are possible target cells of cytolysin in vivo. V. vulnificus cytolysin caused the CPAE cell damages with elevation of the cytosolic free Ca2+, DNA fragmentation, and decrease of the cellular NAD(+) and ATP level. These cytotoxic effects of V. vulnificus cytolysin were prevented by EGTA and aminobenzamide, but were not affected by verapamil or catalase. These results indicate that the elevation of cytosolic free Ca2+ induced by V. vulnificus cytolysin causes the increase of DNA fragmentation and the damaged DNA activates nuclear poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase, which depletes the cellular NAD(+) and ATP, resulting in cell death. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
Ypsolopha cristata Moriuti 1977
No full textYpsolopha cristata Moriuti, 1977 Ypsolopha cristatus Moriuti, 1977: 89, figs 14, 232, 387 [type locality: Yumoto, Totigi Pref., Honshu, Japan]. New records: KOREA – [Gyonggi] 1 Ƥ, Mt. Myongjisan, Cheongpyong, 21 IX 2000 (JC Sohn), [GSN: SJC- 732], JCS. CHINA – [Heilongjiang] 3 Ƥ, Dailing, 8 – 10 VIII 1963 (JW Bai), IZCAS. Distribution: Japan (Moriuti 1977), Korea (new record: Central), China (new record: Northeast), and Russia (Zinchenko and Ponomarenko 2008). Remarks: Byun and Bae (2001) reported this species from Korea, based on seven specimens collected from Gangwon Province. However, the photograph of the adult and genitalia they provided in their paper were actually of Ypsolopha contractella, not of the true Y. cristata. We exclude their record and simultaneously reconfirm the distribution of Y. cristata in Korea with a new specimen found in the first author (JCS)’s private collection.Published as part of Sohn, Jae-Cheon, Ponomarenko, Margarita G., Wu, Chun-Sheng, Han, Hui-Lin & Wang, Xin-Li, 2010, Descriptions of three new species of Ypsolopha Latreille (Lepidoptera: Ypsolophidae) from East Asia, redescription of Y. contractella (Caradja) and a checklist of East Asian Ypsolopha, pp. 22-38 in Zootaxa 2511 on page 31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.29440
Ypsolopha acuminata Butler 1878
No full textYpsolopha acuminata (Butler, 1878) Chilo acuminatus Butler, 1878: 61, pl. 40: 1 [type locality: Yokohama, Japan]. New records: CHINA – [Heilongjiang] 1 Ƥ, Dailing, 17 V 1962 (JW Bai), IZCAS. Distribution: Japan (Moriuti 1977), Korea (Byun and Bae 2001), China (new record: Northeast) and Russia (Zinchenko and Ponomarenko 2008).Published as part of Sohn, Jae-Cheon, Ponomarenko, Margarita G., Wu, Chun-Sheng, Han, Hui-Lin & Wang, Xin-Li, 2010, Descriptions of three new species of Ypsolopha Latreille (Lepidoptera: Ypsolophidae) from East Asia, redescription of Y. contractella (Caradja) and a checklist of East Asian Ypsolopha, pp. 22-38 in Zootaxa 2511 on page 30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.29440
Vascular endothelial growth factor restores delayed tumor progression in tumors depleted of macrophages
No full textGenetic depletion of macrophages in Polyoma Middle T oncoprotein (PyMT)-induced mammary tumors in mice delayed the angiogenic switch and the progression to malignancy. To determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) produced by tumor-associated macrophages regulated the onset of the angiogenic switch, a genetic approach was used to restore expression of VEGF-A into tumors at the benign stages. This stimulated formation of a high-density vessel network and in macrophage-depleted mice, was followed by accelerated tumor progression. The expression of VEGF-A led to a massive infiltration into the tumor of leukocytes that were mostly macrophages. This study suggests that macrophage-produced VEGF regulates malignant progression through stimulating tumor angiogenesis, leukocytic infiltration and tumor cell invasion
Fidelidad del cliente del Hotel JW Marriott el Convento Cusco -2020
No full textEl presente trabajo de investigación se titula “La fidelidad del cliente del hotel JW Marriott El
Convento Cusco-2020”. Teniendo en cuenta que la fidelidad del cliente es un tema que en la
hotelería es uno de los principales intereses y lo vienen desarrollando la mayoría de las cadenas
hoteleras más renombradas, como es Marriott Hotels y específicamente el hotel JW Marriott El
Convento Cusco. En el cual encontramos un problema del cual tratamos en la presente
investigación, la cual se basa en que: si el cliente no pasa satisfactoriamente las fases de
fidelización, no llega a fidelizarse completamente, ello se debe a que existen ciertos aspectos que
impiden una fidelización, es decir que pueden resquebrajar la fidelidad del cliente, por ejemplo los
inconvenientes que puede tener el cliente, ya sea previo al servicio (desde la reserva del servicio
por medio de Online Travel Agency o por otro medio), la entrega o disfrute del servicio (la estadía)
y el post servicio (después del check out del hotel). Por ello, la presente investigación tiene como
objetivo principal describir la fidelidad del cliente del hotel JW Marriott El Convento Cusco-2020.
Como también, los objetivos específicos que describen la fidelidad del cliente en cada una de las
fases de fidelización. La metodología manejada para la elaboración de la presente tesis fue de tipo
cuantitativo, el nivel es descriptivo no experimental.
Se obtuvo datos del autor (Oliver R. , 1999) sobre las fases de la fidelidad del cliente, que son
fidelidad cognitiva, fidelidad afectiva, fidelidad conativa y fidelidad de acción; las cuales se
utilizaron como dimensiones de la variable, describiendo cada una de ellas. Para describir la
fidelidad del cliente del hotel JW Marriott El Convento Cusco-2020 se realizó encuestas vía web
dada la coyuntura actual, con una muestra no probabilística de 102 personas que fueron los clientes
que voluntariamente respondieron el cuestionario.
Según los resultados obtenidos de las encuestas realizadas, se determinó que la fidelidad del cliente
del hotel JW Marriott El Convento Cusco-2020 es muy buena, al igual que sus cuatro fases de
fidelidad del cliente. Debido a que el hotel cumple con todas las expectativas que tiene el cliente y
al final genera una recompra por parte del cliente hacia el hotel JW Marriott El Convento Cusco,
dado por el cumplimiento de las cuatro fases de fidelización del cliente por lo siguiente: El cliente
es inicialmente fiel en un sentido cognitivo basado en la información y creencia que tiene el cliente,
después de las experiencias satisfactorias se genera un sentimiento de compromiso hacia el hotel
siendo fiel afectivamente, para así por medio de intenciones de comportamientos positivos por parte de asociados del hotel siendo fiel conativa, y finalmente el hotel al cumplir con todas las
expectativas del cliente y superar todos los obstáculos posibles se produce un control de la acción
que viene a ser la fidelidad de acción donde se produce la recompra del servicio del hotel JW
Marriott El Convento Cusco y retener al cliente.
Se pudo concluir que, el hotel JW Marriott El Convento Cusco es muy bueno fidelizando a sus
clientes y puede ser mejor incluso, si se siguen las propuestas planteadas. En la investigación, se
ha logrado describir cómo retener a los clientes y generar un compromiso profundo de recompra
del servicio JW Marriott El Convento Cusco por medio de las fases de fidelización.This research is titled “The costumer loyalty of the JW Marriott El Convento Cusco hotel-2020”.
We know that the loyalty in costumers is one of the most important issues for the hospitality
industry and it is been developed by most of the renowned hotel chains in the World, such as
Marriott Hotels and specifically the JW Marriott El Convento Cusco hotel. We found a problem
wich is based on the fact that: if the costumer doesn´t satisfactorily obtain the four loyalty phases,
the client will not become completely loyal to the hotel. This because there are some aspects that
don´t allow the loyalty, for example the pre service (from the reservation of the service through the
Online Travel agency or other method of reservation), the service (the stay) and the post service
(after the check out of the hotel). The main objective of this research is to describe the customer
loyalty of the JW Marriott El Convento Cusco hotel-2020. As well as, the especific objectives, that
describes the customer loyalty in each of the loyalty phases. The methodology used to prepare this
research was quantitative, and the level is descriptive, not experimental.
The data was obtained from the author (Oliver R. , 1999) that explained about the phases of
customer loyalty, which are Cognitive Loyalty, Afective loyalty, Conative loyalty and Action
loyalty; which were used as dimensions, describing each one of them. In order to describe the
costumer loyalty of the JW Marriott El Convento Cusco hotel-2020, we make the surveys via web
because of the current situation, with a non probability sample of 102 people who were the
costumers who voluntarily answered the questionnaire.
The costumer loyalty of the JW Marriott El Convento Cusco hotel -2020 was determined to be very
good, and also the phases of the customer loyalty as well. All that because the hotel meets all the
expectations that the customer has and in the end generates a repurchase by the customer from the
JW Marriott El Convento Cusco hotel, all that with the four phases of the loyalty of the client, and
we can detail that: The cliente initially gets the cognitive loyalty based in the information and
believes that the client has; after the satisfactory experiences, a feeling of commitment to the hotel
is generated, that is the afective loyalty; and for this reason through the intentions of positive
behaviors of the associates of the hotel, that is the conative loyalty; and finally when the hotel
meets all the expectations of the clients and overcoming all the possible obstacles, there is a control
of the action that comes to be the action loyalty, and the repurchase of the service of the JW Marriott
El Convento Cusco hotel occurs and retain more clients. In conclusion, the hotel JW Marriott El Convento Cusco is very good building customers loyalty
and can be better if the proposals proposed are followed. In the research, it has been possible to
describe how to retain customers and generate a deep commitment to repurchase the service of the
JW Marriott El Convento Cusco hotel through the loyalty phases
Immediate retrograde amnesia induced by midazolam: A prospective, non-randomised cohort study
No full textBackground: Midazolam, a short-acting benzodiazepine, has sedative, anxiolytic, amnestic and anticonvulsant effects. Given its advantages of rapid onset, short duration and low toxicity, midazolam is optimal for any procedural sedation. Midazolam is known to cause anterograde amnesia; however, the possibility of retrograde amnesia has also been raised. This prospective cohort, non-randomised study evaluated the presence and extent of retrograde amnesia induced by midazolam during caesarean delivery. Methods: One hundred parturients scheduled for elective caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled. As soon as giving birth, six picture cards were shown to the patients in 1-min intervals, and then midazolam (0.1 mg/kg) was given or not according to the patients’ preference. This overall retrograde recall rate of six cards was the primary outcome of our study, which was asked by a blinded investigator. Results: The overall retrograde card recall rate was lower in the midazolam group compared with the control group (77.0 ± 13.4 vs. 87.7 ± 3.9%, P <.001), especially at 1 minute before midazolam administration (58% vs. 88%, P <.001). Decreased memory trend was observed as time progressed towards midazolam administration in the midazolam group (P =.035). More patients answered ‘yes’ to the factitious event in the midazolam group than in the control group (26% vs. 4%, P =.004). Conclusion: Intravenous midazolam could cause a brief-period retrograde amnesia in visual and event memory. Moreover, there were more spurious reports of intraoperative factitious events in the midazolam group, implying that episodic memories were also affected by midazolam
Micropatterning of a single layer of nanoparticles by lithographical methods with diblock copolymer micelles
No full textWe have demonstrated micropatterning of a single layer of nanoparticles by combining a self-assembly of diblock copolymer micelles with conventional and soft lithographical methods. On a photoresist micropattern fabricated by conventional photolithography, a single layer of diblock copolymer micelles containing precursors of nanoparticles was spin-coated. By plasma and lift-off processes, nanoparticles with the preservation of a pseudo-hexagonal order of micelles were synthesized in the micropattern without their aggregation. In addition, soft lithography of the microcontact printing technique was combined with the process of diblock copolymer micelles to produce micropatterns of nanoparticles. As an ink of the microcontact printing process, a single-layered film of diblock copolymer micelles was spin-coated directly onto the stamp and then transferred on the substrate by stamping. Formation of a single layer of nanoparticles in the micropattern was carried out by plasma treatment.X1138sciescopu
Spatial integration in European cross-border metropolitan regions: A comparative approach
No full textThis article analyses the process of spatial integration in ten European cross-border metropolitan regions. On the basis of three indicators, relating to flows of cross-border commuters, gross domestic product and the housing market, it suggests that spatial integration can be viewed as a process of convergence between distinct territories, resulting from the intensification of interaction between social, political and economic actors. Our results allow, firstly, confirmation of the hypothesis that the greater the economic disparities, the greater the level of interactions measured by cross-border commuting. Our work also shows that strong economic interactions have an impact on the cross-border integration of communities, measured by the proportion of residents based on the other side of the border. Finally, this article leads to three models of cross-border integration being proposed: by specialisation, by polarisation and by osmosis.cross-border; metropilitan regions; spatial integration; commuters; gross domestic product; housing market; Europe
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