573 research outputs found
The politics of fashion: perceptions of power in female clothing and ornamentation as reflected in the sixteenth-century Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei
No full textThis thesis examines issues of female power and influence in sixteenth-century China focusing on how women and their roles were perceived in the changing social environment of the mid-late Ming dynasty. Using aspects of a New Historicist approach, information from contemporary literary and historical sources are analysed alongside each other. With its emphasis on the lives of women and preoccupation with the description of material objects, the late Ming novel Jin Ping Mei forms an important element in the thesis. China in the sixteenth century saw expanding urbanisation, the emergence of a new wealthy merchant class, increasing visibility of women and a questioning of traditional morality. Fashion consciousness, as one of the most conspicuous aspects of the new material culture, is a possible indicator of these trends. Traditional Western theories contend that fashion began in the particular context of Renaissance Europe. However, this study argues that a similar fashion awareness existed in China too, and was manifested in a competitive striving for social status, in this case specifically among women. In contrast to previous studies which downplayed the impact women had on defining traditional Chinese culture, this thesis demonstrates how women and their sartorial choices began to redefine the boundaries of material culture, influencing literati discourse which, in turn, re- influenced female behaviour
Brecht and China : a mutual response
No full textThis thesis deals with the cross-cultural relations between Brecht and China
through an analysis of how Brecht responded to the traditional Chinese theatre and
how his drama was received in turn by modern Chinese theatre. It attempts to
examine the respective socio-cultural or political contexts wherein such kind of crosscultural
contacts were needed, and the consequent aesthetic-theatrical as well as
socio-cultural or political changes brought about by these contacts that have produced
two distinctively independent yet related forms of theatre.
It is argued that Brecht's search for a theatre style of his own amidst the sociocultural
as well as political crises between the two world wars made him look to the
East for inspirations, and his direct encounter with Mei Lanfang enabled him to
interpret the latter's acting in such a way that he responded to it with his postulation of
the alienation effect and modification of a gestic performance style. His repudiation
of the well-made dramatic theatre brought his epic theatre closer to the traditional
Chinese theatre whose aesthetic principles he shared in constructing a non-
Aristotelian episodic form of drama. In his experimentations with new modes of
theatrical expressions, he did not simply borrow or copy the forms and content of
classical Chinese drama; he appropriated, transformed and renewed them, for
example, in The Caucasian Chalk Circle, for the particular purpose of instructing
audiences in a scientific age.
China! s reception of Brecht has had much to do with the country's changing
socio-cultural as well as political situations. Chinese theatre practitioners responded
to him because he was a politically, culturally and aesthetically suitable figure. His
epic drama provided an alternative style for the Chinese in their attempt to innovate
their realist spoken drama imported from the West, and was also introduced into local
forms of performing arts in hope that the traditional Chinese theatre could be
resurrected. Furthermore, he prompted Huang Zuolin to theoretically re-examine
Chinese operas, which the latter integrated with techniques of Brecht and
Stanislavsky into spoken drama to establish a new theatre style called Xieyi drama
Corrigendum: Coral reefs of Pakistan: a comprehensive review of anthropogenic threats, climate change, and conservation status
No full textIn the published article, there was an error in the author list, and author Pu Guo was erroneously excluded as co-first author. The corrected author list appears below. “Ishfaq Ahmad1,2†, Pu Guo1†, Mei-Xia Zhao1,3*, Yu Zhong1, Xiao-Yun Zheng1,2, Shu-Qi Zhang1,2, Jian-Wen Qiu4,5, Qi Shi1, Hong-Qiang Yan1, Shi-Chen Tao1 and Li-Jia Xu6†These authors share first authorship” The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated. Copyright © 2024 Ahmad, Guo, Zhao, Zhong, Zheng, Zhang, Qiu, Shi, Yan, Tao and Xu
Numerical simulation on mesoscale convective system along Mei-Yu front in Southern China
No full textA mesoscale convective system (MCS) was generated over the South China Sea at around 115 degreesE, 21 degreesN on 0000 UTC 7 June 1998. Riding along the Mei-Yu front, the system moved through the Taiwan Strait and finally hit the southern part of the Taiwan Island, produced over 300 mm of rainfall over parts of Taiwan in the next 24 hours. It was found that the Penn State-NCAR Mesoscale Model Version 5 (MM5) did quite well in simulating the evolution of the MCS. Diagnostic studies on the mesoscale structure of MCS, moisture concentration process and the momentum budget were based on the model output. The concept model of the MCS in the mature phase can be concluded as the following: At the 850 hPa level, the mesoscale low level jet (mLLJ) was found to the southwest of the MCS, which was also associated with a mesoscale low generated by convection, the mesoscale upper level jet (mULJ) was found due east of the MCS (and an upper-level mesoscale high) at the 300 hPa level. Horizontal advection of momentum acted to accelerate the exit of the mLLJ but decelerate the entrance of the mLLJ where the pressure gradient force acted to compensate this lost and maintain its strength. For maintenance of the mULJ, vertical advection of momentum and the pressure gradient force were both found to be important.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000165798500015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Multidisciplinary SciencesSCI(E)3ARTICLE222093-+4
Some Studies on Free Surface Motions
No full textMei, Yu.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2016.Includes bibliographical references (leaves ).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on …)
[[alternative]]A Study of the Effects of a Physical Fitness Program's Practice on Students' Fitness Cognition and Performance
No full text[[abstract]]A Study of the Effects of a Physical Fitness Program’s Practice on Students’ Fitness Cognition and Performance
— As Illustrated by Taipei Shih-pai Municipal Junior High School —
Master’s Thesis 2001 Wu Yu-mei
Advisor: Keh nyit Chin, Ph. D.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the practice of a physical fitness program on fitness cognition and performance of seventh grade students from Taipei Shih-pai Municipal Junior High School. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analyses fitness cognition and fitness performance of the students. The participants of this study were 71 students from 2 coed classes. Class A consisted of 34 students (male=18; female=16) were instructed using traditional physical education program. Class B consisted of 37 students (male=20; female=17) were instructed using physical fitness program. The effects of the practice of the fitness program on students’ fitness cognition and performance were assessed by t-tests. Eighteen students were sampled to be interviewed and answered the open-ended questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed using content analysis. The results indicated that no significant difference was found for students of class A in interpreting the meanings of fitness before and after the PE program. The students’ fitness cognition did not meet the standard (p<.05) . On the other hand, students of class B could interpret the meanings of fitness better than before and met the standard (p<.05) according to t-test. As for students’ fitness performance, students of class A showed improvement in body composition, power, muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance and power met the standard. Students of class B made progress in every item. Body composition, muscular endurance, flexibility and power met the standard, p<.05. The above results have implications for education and administration units, teacher’s training institutions, Junior High School teachers and researchers interested in related studies.
Key word: Physical Fitness, Fitness Cognition, Fitness Performance,Traditional Physical Education Program, Physical Fitness Program.
"Huo hong nian dai" qing nian kan wu de shen fen tan suo yu wen xue tan suo: "Pan gu" , "Wen xue yu mei shu" , "Wen mei yue kan" yu "70 nian dai" shuang zhou kan yan jiu
No full text現代文學的萌生與發展，每每與身分探索相生互動。1960年代後期至1970年代中期，香港的青年文化工作者，常常以雜誌編撰來回應、介入多樁海內外的政治事件和社會運動，並展現出不同的身分探索和文學實踐。有的嘗試以不同的方式去認同、回歸中國，也有的從海外學運和文化中萌生了對全球革命者的跨地域認同，並糅合民族認同和反殖意識，催生出別樹一格的文學實踐。而在「火紅年代」結束前後，認同中國的一脈也嘗試調整身分探索和文學探索的步調。本文將以《盤古》、《文學與美術》、《文美月刊》及《70年代》雙週刊為例，嘗試展示各種身分探索和文學探索的路線。本文共分五章，先一章闡述研究背景與目的，檢視前人的研究成果及不足，並界定研究重點；第二章先剖析早期《盤古》對文化中國的想像，再探討它如何影響了雜誌裡的文學論述，以及以創建學員為中心的創作；然後剖析《盤古》的政治和文學轉向，以及知識分子在轉向過程的身分困惑與掙扎。第三章分析《文學與美術》對後期《盤古》的承繼與調整，分析它對「反映生活」的探索，以及改版為《文美月刊》後對「生活」涵義的重新探索。這章也會旁及文學以外的藝術範疇，以展現《文學與美術》和《文美月刊》對藝術大眾化的實踐。第四章分析《70年代》的反殖意識，挖掘它與國際主義及中國認同的關聯，然後探討激進青年的想像怎樣催生出反殖民、反建制，以及大膽描寫情慾的文學創作；最後，藉沒有宣揚革命意識的文學專輯，叩問編輯怎樣看待文學和政治的關係。第五章總結前文，點出上世紀「火紅年代」青年刊物在身分探索和文學探索上的不同路線，嘗試豐富前人對這時期的理解，並展望拓展研究的方向。The emergence and development of modern literature often intertwines with intellectuals’ exploration of identity. From the late 60’s to the mid 70’s, young writers and editors in Hong Kong responded to and engaged in local and oversea political incidents and social movements by running magazines that demonstrated various identity explorations and literary practices. Some of them identified with China through various means while some developed trans-regional identification by engaging in overseas student movements and culture, and nurtured a distinctive literary practice by integrating ethnic identification and anti-colonial discourse. Toward the end of “the fiery years”, those young writers and editors who identified with China also tried to adjust their self-positioning of identity and direction of literary practice. This dissertation attempts to illustrate the various identity and literary explorations by examining representative publications including Pangu, Wenxue yu meishu, Wenmei yuekan and the 70's Biweekly.This dissertation contains five chapters. Chapter one provides the research context and goals. Through reviewing previous scholarship and its limitation, it helps define my research scope. Chapter two firstly analyzes the imagination of a cultural China of Pangu at its early stage, then discusses its influences on the literary discourse and the writings of the students from the Institute of Creation and Experimentation of Culture. Furthermore, this chapter examines the change of political and literary stance of Pangu, as well as the intellectuals’ confusion and struggle in the course of such change. Chapter three investigates how Wenxue yu meishu inherited and adjusted the editorial approaches of the late period of Pangu and its exploration of reflections of life". After Wenxue yu meishu renamed as Wenmei yuekan, how it revisited the notion of "life" is also discussed. This chapter also examines other aspects of art besides literature, and demonstrates how the popularization of art was put into practice in Wenxue yu meishu and Wenmei yuekan. Chapter four investigates the anti-colonialism discourse found in the 70's Biweekly and its entanglement with internationalism and the intellectuals’ identification with China. It also discusses how the radical youth's imagination helped create literary works that contains anti-colonialism and anti-establishment sentiments, alongside their explicit sexual depiction. Lastly, by discussing the literary sections in the 70's Biweekly, I attempt to illuminate the editors’ perspective on the relation between literature and politics while they made no explicit political claims. Chapter five summarizes previous chapters and indicates different trajectories of identity exploration and literary practice found in these youth publications around “the fiery years” in the last century, so as to enrich our understanding of that epoch."陳子謙.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2016.Includes bibliographical references (leaves ).Abstracts in English and Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on …).Chen zi qian.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only
Yuan Mei yu Zhang Xuecheng wen xue li lun bi jiao
No full text袁枚（1716-1797）和章學誠（1738-1801）被郭紹虞稱為清代最有識見的兩位文學批評家。他們生活的乾、嘉時期，文壇和學術界那裏不同學派盤根錯結，紛爭不斷。揭櫫復古大旗的格調派與桐城派先後稱霸文壇，同時，考據派又成為顯學，力壓具官方背景的宋學，其影響力不斷向文壇滲透。然而復古派過分重視對古人文章形式的模仿，而考據派又太過注重知識的表現，因此造成了文學創作模式單調而內容刻板沉悶的局面。面對這個局面，袁枚和章學誠先後主張以個人性情作為文學創作的主導，同時又提倡融合不同學說的優點，摒除門戶之見，以打破學術上的封閉，為文學和學術的困境尋找新出路。可惜，過去學界往往只將袁枚和章學誠的文論立場置於開放和保守的對立位置上來作互相比較，然而忽略了他們的文論針對的目標，以致某些特徵都具有相當明顯的一致性。因此，本文就袁、章二人文論中具一致性的觀點分成四部分展開討論，首先從兩人所處的時代觀察他們在面對強勢時代風氣有何不同反應；繼而探討他們如何受前代（如宋明理學）和當代（如考據學）學術思想的影響，並如何面對以及加以改造；隨後，本文就其思想特徵轉入討論他們對復古派的批評和改造文壇的創作模式；最後，再深入探索袁、章二人對文學創作才能的要求以及其對文學功能的看法。本文期望通過深入對比袁、章二人文論的特徵，對之進行比較，以期對清中期文論發展有更全面的認識。Yuan Mei 袁枚 (1716-1797) and Zhang Xuecheng 章學誠 (1738-1801) are both revered as the most visionary literary critics of Qing dynasty by Guo Shaoyu(郭绍虞). In the QianJia era(乾嘉時期), different literary schools conflicted with each other until the literary world finally ruled by Gediao school(格調派) and Tongcheng school(桐城派), both belong to Retro school and advocated archaism. Besides, Textual school (考據派) replace the status of officially supported Song school(宋學), and became the most influential power, and its influence on literary aspect was increasing. Under such influences, however, the literary world lost its vitality because Retro school focuses too much on imitating ancient works while textual school emphasizes excessively on knowledge. Since both Retro school and Textual school ignored personality in literature, Yuan Mei and Zhang Xuecheng advocated personal temperament as the major literary considerations. Furthermore, they promoted the advantages of the integration of different thoughts to prevent the disadvantages of the dispute between diferent schools and to find anew way for literature and academia.In the past, academics generally put Yuan Mei and Zhang Xuecheng on the opposite side to compare their literary proposition. This thesis, on the contrary, endeavors to analyze the similarities of their literary ideas rom four perspectives. First, we shall focus on the historical background to observe their reactions to different trends of QianJia era. The second part analyzes how Neo-Confucianism(理學) and Textual school affect their thoughts. Thirdly, we turn to examine their criticism of archaism and hence their suggestions of literary reform. Finally, we explore Yuan and Zhang's requirements of talents in literary creations and their views on the function of literature. Through the comparison of different aspects of Yuan and Zhang’s literary theories, this thesis attempts to gain a better understanding of the development of Mid-Qing literary thoughts.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.黃永順.Parallel title from English abstract.Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-179).Abstracts in Chinese and English.Huang Yongshun
Pathophysiological significance of a reaction in mouse gastrointestinal tract associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity
No full textAIM: To explore the pathophysiological significance of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction in mouse gastrointestinal tract induced by allergen 2,4-dinitrochlorbenzene(DNCB). METHODS: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control and DTH1-6 groups. After sensitized by DNCB smeared on the abdominal skin, the mice were challenged with DNCB by gavage or enema. The weight, stool viscosity and hematochezia were observed and accumulated as disease active index (DAI) score; the gastrointestinal motility was represented by active charcoal propulsion rate; the colon pathological score was achieved by macropathology and HE staining of section prepared for microscopy; and the leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) activity was determined by indirect capillary assay of the absorbance (A) of migrated leukocytes. RESULTS: Active charcoal propulsion rates of small intestine in the DNCB gavages groups were significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.01). The DAI scores and pathological score in DNCB enema groups were also higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05), and there were significant rises in LMIF activity in DNCB enema groups as compared with control groups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Mouse gastrointestinal DTH reaction could be induced by DNCB, which might facilitate the mechanism underlying the ulcerative colitis. Yu WG, Lin P, Pan H, xiao L, Gong EC, Mei L. Pathophysiological significance of a reaction in mouse gastrointestinal tract associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10(15): 2254-2258 http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/10/2254.aspGastroenterology & HepatologySCI(E)0ARTICLE152254-22581
[[alternative]]A Study on Hakkan Education in Ching Taiwan（1684-1895）
No full text[[abstract]]The main purpose of this paper is to study the development of Hakkan education in Taiwan in the Ching Dynasty by the local chronicles , the official documents ,the works of gentry ,the genealogy（tzu-p'u） , the primers for elementary schools and so on .
The main findings of this study are as follows：
1.The tradition of education was continued from motherland： they were respected highly to cultivate and study .It made the different family education for man and woman, and were regulated in the genealogy（tzu-p'u）,the family percepts , the buildings of ancestral halls, worshiped to Han Yu and valued the paper with words. They organized the Gong-Chang Organizations（blood relationships）or the Liu-Tui imperial examination association to support the education.
2.The most important institution to educate people was private schools: The opportunities of entering the official schools to Hakkan from Guangdong were less than the othose from Fujian. The Hakkan had supported or studied Minzhi Shuyuan（明志書院）（academy）and Yingcai Shuyuan（英才書院） in Ching Taiwan. The Wenying Sheh（文英社） is one of the Hakkan community schools（She-sheh）.The charity schools（I-sheh）were in Hencheng county. The private schools were popular in Ching Taiwan. Such as 向陽Shuyuan and the Lio family's school. There were two primers for elementary schools educated by Hakka dialert, reflecting the Hakkan culture and tradition in Ching Taiwan.
3.The achievement of education was decided by the imperial examination qurata: The Hakka Juren （舉人）from Guangdong were 35 and added the 18 related Hakka Juren（舉人） from Fujian ,the total sum were 56.There were five Hakka Chin-Shihs .They concentrated in the late period Ching.
4.Education was a good way for upward the high social mobility: the Hakka would think highly of education and respect the people who were literacy or succeeded in the imperial examination .However ,the status of the Chin-Shihs（進士） and Juren（舉人） was not as good as we expected. There were several useful ways to keep or promote their status. One of them was to pay attention to educating of their next generation and have friendly relation or make relation by marriage with the other gentry.
In short, the Hakkan kept their educational tradition. When they settled down in Taiwan, they studied hard by formal and non-formal education to strive for the high society. Obviously, their efforts were succeeded.
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