33 research outputs found
KOMPARASI IMPLEMENTASI EKONOMI KERAKYATAN DI SEKTOR KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN
Full text linkMakalah ini memuat evaluasi tentang implementasi berbagai kebijakan ekonomi kerakyatan di sektor kelautan dan perikanan di Indonesia, sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh TAP MPR Nomor XVI/MPR/1998. Meski tidak terdukung oleh ketersediaan data dan bersifat sangat umum, pencapaian ekonomi kerakyatan dalam sektor kelautan dan perikanan dapat diukur dan dirinci menurut analisis kurun waktu dengan penggunaan logika, pola dan metode perhitungan yang sama. Dalam penelitian ini, pengukuran pencapaian tersebut dilakukan dengan pendekatan keunggulan komparatif dari tren data pada setiap periode kebijakan menteri. Ada empat skenario evaluasi ekonomi kerakyatan yang diamati, yang diturunkan dari ketentuan TAP MPR tersebut di atas: (i) Skenario A, yang berorientasi pada masyarakat paling bawah dan koperasi melalui pendekatan nilai tukar nelayan dan jumlah ikan yang dijual di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan; (ii) Skenario B, yaitu skenario A yang ditambah dengan elemen perusahaan dalam negeri dan perusahaan lainnya; (iii) Skenario C, yaitu Skenario B yang ditambah dengan komparasi perusahaan asing; (iv) Skenario D, yaitu Skenario C yang ditambah dengan elemen ekspor impor. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa setiap skenario memiliki periode terbaiknya. Skenario A terbaik adalah terjadi pada periode kebijakan tahun 2011-2014. Skenario B dan C terbaik adalah terjadi pada periode kebijakan tahun 2014-2019. Sementara itu, Skenario D terbaik adalah terjadi pada periode kebijakan 2011-2014. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa apabila didukung ketersediaan data, pendekatan ini dapat direplikasi untuk terlaksananya implementasi ekonomi kerakyatan yang lebih baik di Indonesia. Tittle: Comparative Implementation of People’s Economy in the Marine and Fisheries SectorThis paper reports a bottom-up comparative evaluation of policy implementation on people’s economy in Indonesia as regulated in TAP MPR Number XVI/ MPR /1998. Albeit lack of data, this experiment shows that the achievement of people’s economy’s can be detailed in marine and fishery sector by using similiar time series analysis with the same logic and methodology. The trend’s comparative advantage of statistical data for each ministerial period is calculated. There are four scenarios to achieve multi-goals: (i) The A Scenario, the pro-poor implementation orientation is calculated using the exercise of exchange rate of fishers and the number of fish sold at the Fish Auction Center; (ii) The B Scenario, which is Scenario A added by elements of domestic companies and other companies; (iii) The C Scenario, which is the sum of the B scenario by including the comparison of foreign companies; (iv)The D Scenario, which is the C Scenario plus export and import activities. Each scenario has its best period. The best A scenario was in the 2011-2014 period. The best B and C scenarios were between 2014-2019, and the best D scenario was in the 2011-2014 period. The implication of this research is that if supported by the availability of data, this approach can be replicated for a better implementation of the people’s economy in Indonesia.
Advocacy Coalition Framework of Ultra Micro Loan Policymaking in Indonesia
Full text linkAdvocating the Ultra Micro-lending concept of Indonesia's Ministry of Finance in 2017 was a tumultuous nine-year process. The present paper aims to examine the Ultra Micro-lending (UMi) program conducted by the Ministry of Finance of Republic of Indonesia using Advocacy Coalition Framework. This paper showed that Advocacy Coalition Framework could moderate the interest groups' disagreement through seven steps as follows. First, relatively stable parameters of poverty need alleviation using better financial access with empowerment. Second, the external system is inspired by Grameen Bank as the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize. Third, removing constraints and resources of subsystem actors from the internal Ministry of Finance and the Parliaments. Fourth, creating consensus for getting the Ministry of Bureaucratic Reform's permit. Fifth, policy subsystem that coalesces the need of market-rate and subsidized rate to cater to 46.7 million grassroots entrepreneurs as a 'win-win' arrangement to complement the bank-based People's Business Credit (KUR). Sixth, policy outputs as the legal product of the UMi with a 7 Trillion State budget. Seventh, policy impact's measurement after one year piloting before UMi's scaling up. This paper has a significant contribution to enhancing the efficacy of UMi program, and as a continuous effort to ensure the economic development of the country
THE OPTIMAL LENDING RATE OF BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT(BPR)
Full text linkPaper ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa tingkat suku bunga kredit Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR), sesuatu yang menjadi perdebatan di lingkungan institusi di Indonesia, sebagai dampak proses liberalisasi keuangan yang memungkinkan bank untuk menetapkan suku bunga yang tinggi. Paper ini mempergunakan model mikro untuk mengelaborasi peran aktif bank, khususnya yang berskala kecil seperti BPR.
Setelah tingkat suku bunga kredit diperoleh, dilakukan beberapa simulasi untuk melihat formasi tingkat suku bunga pinjaman optimal, dan cara terbaik menurunkan resiko dan besaran suku bunga tersebut. Data yang dipergunakan memiliki dua level agregasi yang berbeda, pertama, menempatkan bank BPR sebagai unit observasi dan kedua, penggabungan bank menurut region sebagai unit sampelnya. Hasil dari paper ini diharapkan dapat memperkaya pemahaman atas keuangan mikro di Indonesia dan kaitannya yang erat dengan manajemen moneter.
JEL: D81, E43, E58, G21
Keyword: lending rate, financial liberalization, micro model, risk, BP
Government of Indonesia’s Battling Strategy to Cope With Pseudo-Cooperatives
No full textBy contesting the political spectrum versus the economic side of regulation, it is found that the Indonesian cooperative\u27s performance is influenced more by the first approach. As Golkar\u27s electoral vehicle to protect its ruling party\u27s majority vote, the cooperative apex organization (Dekopin) became a parastatal. As a \u27bureaucratic capitalist\u27 with state budget support, Dekopin\u27s \u27holdup problem\u27 creates the \u27subsidy mentality\u27 and increasing corruption perception that stimulated the formation of pseudo-cooperatives. A bottom-up petition to remove Dekopin\u27s parastatal status failed. By calibrating the 2012-2014 panel data, the pseudo-cooperatives decrease when active cooperatives increase. From the 2015 cross-section exercise, pseudo-cooperatives\u27 number rises along with the growing population. External funding to cooperatives is used as a means to spend it on leisure. Many islands show different tendencies of pseudo-cooperatives\u27 creation. In 2016, a government\u27s economic strategy to create healthy cooperatives was started by closing down 32,778 pseudo-cooperatives. This process continued until 2019.JEL Classification: P13, C21, R51, A13How to Cite:Soesilo, N. I. (2020). Government of Indonesia’s Battling Strategy to Cope with Pseudo-Cooperatives. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9(2), 219-240. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.15547
