8,055 research outputs found
Three new marginellid gastropods (Muricoidea: Marginellidae: Granunilinae) from the Red Sea and Djibouti (Gulf of Aden)
No full textA new species of Marginellopsis Bavay, 1911, Marginellopsis herosae n. sp. and two new species of Granulina Jousseaume, 1888, Granulina morassii n. sp. and Granulina boyeri n. sp. are described and illustrated from the Red Sea and Djibouti. Marginellopsis herosae n.sp. represents the first Indo-Pacific record of a genus previously known by only one species from Cuba, Caribbean Sea. The biogeographic relevance of this finding and the possible Tethyan origin of the genus Marginellopsis is suggested. Micrographs of the type specimens of Granulina isseli (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1875), Granulina mariei (Crosse, 1867), Granulina cartwrighti (Sowerby, 1915) and Marginellopsis serrei Bavay, 1911 are provided
Jujubinus trilloi Smriglio, Giulio & Mariottini, 2014, new species
No full textJujubinus trilloi new species (Figs 1.7 – 1.12; 2.5–2.8; 3.6 – 3.10) Diagnosis: Small and slightly turriculate shell; sculpture consists of incised spiral lines; prosocline lamellae absent between cords. Description: Shell of small size for the genus, conical, slightly turriculate, rather solid, holotype 5.4 mm high, 4.6 mm wide. Usually 5–5.5 mm, rarely up to 6.5 mm in height, 4–4.5 mm in width. Protoconch smooth, 240–250 µm in diameter, about 1.7 whorls. Teleoconch comprising 4.5–5.5 whorls; teleoconch whorls slightly convex, with 6–8 regularly spaced, fine, incised spiral lines. Basal cord rounded and divided by one or two fine threads, generally the upper one more pronounced, resulting in parallel cordlets. Suture distinct. Teleoconch surface covered by faint prosocline growth striae. Base convex, with 9–11 concentric fine incised spiral lines, irregularly spaced and crossed by numerous growth striae. Umbilicus closed also in juveniles covered with a white callus. Aperture quadrangular with a columellar callus thickened in the middle portion. Interior of the aperture iridescent whitish. Colour of protoconch and early teleoconch whorls bright red, remaining whorls and base red-brownish, with axial opisthocline brown-reddish narrow bands. Three to five narrow yellowish-orange spiral bands covering the teleoconch. Yellowish-orange bands increasing in number (5–6) on the teleoconch base, and alternate with 4–5 red-brownish concentric spiral bands, resulting in a red spotted pattern. Type material: Ninety shells, including juvenile stages and subadults, from the type locality. Holotype: MNHN 25882; paratype 1: MZB 49669; paratype 2: MCZR 00226; paratypes 3–54: CS-PM; paratypes 55–59: MO; paratypes 60–89: PT. Etymology: The species name is after Piergiorgio Trillò, friend and SCUBA diver who provided the marine sediment in which the new species was found. Locus typicus: Talbot Bank (37 ° 30 ’00”N, 11 ° 40 ’00”E), infralittoral bottom, at a depth of 25 m, Sicily Channel, Mediterranean Sea. Distribution: Only known from the type locality.Published as part of Smriglio, Carlo, Giulio, Andrea Di & Mariottini, Paolo, 2014, Description of two new Jujubinus species (Gastropoda: Trochidae) from the Sicily Channel, with notes on the Jujubinus curinii species complex, pp. 583-590 in Zootaxa 3815 (4) on pages 586-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3815.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/22464
Revision of the Recent Alvania scabra (Philippi, 1844) complex (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Rissoidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with the description of a new species
No full textHerein we revise several Recent Mediterranean species of the rissoid genus Alvania Risso, 1826: Alvania scabra (Philippi,
1844), Alvania sculptilis (Monterosato, 1877), Alvania sororcula Granata-Grillo, 1877, Alvania lucinae Oberling, 1970,
Alvania josefoi Oliver & Templado, 2009 and Alvania scuderii Villari, 2017. They represent a rather homogeneous group
of morphologically similar species, referred to as the Alvania scabra complex, which includes also some other species
from the northeastern Atlantic. We designate a neotype for Rissoa scabra Philippi, 1844 and a lectotype for Rissoa
oranica Pallary, 1900 to stabilize the use of the names. Alvania oranica (Pallary, 1900) is confirmed as a synonym of
Alvania scabra (Philippi, 1844), and Alvania asperella (Granata-Grillo, 1877) is proposed as a synonym of Alvania
sororcula (Granata-Grillo, 1877) [new synonymy]. Finally, we describe one new Mediterranean species: Alvania pizzinii
Amati, Smriglio & Oliverio n. sp. from Levanzo Is., Sicily
Jujubinus Monterosato 1884
No full textGenus Jujubinus Monterosato, 1884 Type species: Trochus matoni Payraudeau, 1826 (by subsequent designation).Published as part of Smriglio, Carlo, Giulio, Andrea Di & Mariottini, Paolo, 2014, Description of two new Jujubinus species (Gastropoda: Trochidae) from the Sicily Channel, with notes on the Jujubinus curinii species complex, pp. 583-590 in Zootaxa 3815 (4) on page 584, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3815.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/22464
Jujubinus eleonorae Smriglio, Giulio & Mariottini, 2014, new species
No full text<i>Jujubinus eleonorae</i> new species <p>(Figs 1.1–1.6; 2.1–2.4; 3.1–3.5)</p> <p>Diagnosis: Small and stout shell; flat spiral cords, ratchet spiral sculpture; distinct basal cord; prosocline lamellae absent between cords.</p> <p>Description: Shell of small size for the genus, conical, solid, holotype 5.7 mm high, 4.7 mm in diameter. Usually 5–5.5 mm, rarely up to 6 mm high, 4–4.5 mm in diameter. Protoconch smooth, 240–250 µm in diameter, comprising about 1.3 whorls. Teleoconch of 4.5–5.5 whorls; whorls slightly convex, with 6–7 flat spiral cords including the basal one; spiral cords of about the same strength, slightly shouldered. Basal cord pronounced, rounded and divided by a furrow, which produces two parallel cordlets, the lower twice as wide as the upper one. Suture barely visible. Whole teleoconch surface covered by faint prosocline growth striae, in some specimens more evident and irregular. Base convex, with 4–5 flat concentric spiral cords, regularly spaced, crossed by numerous growth striae. Umbilicus closed also in juveniles, covered with a white callus. Aperture quadrangular, with a columellar callus thickened in the middle portion. Interior of the aperture whitish nacreous. Colour of protoconch and initial teleoconch whorls bright red, remaining whorls and base green-brownish with three regularly spaced yellowish-orange bands covering a portion of the spiral cords. Yellowish-orange bands increasing in number (4–5) on the teleoconch base.</p> <p>Type material: One hundred and twenty two shells from the type locality. Holotype: MNHN 25883; paratype 1: MZB 49668; paratype 2: MCZR 00227; paratypes 3–39: CS-PM; paratypes 40–59: EDS; paratypes 60–69: MO; paratypes 70–79: IN; paratypes 80–119: PT; paratypes 120–121: BA.</p> <p>Other material examined: Twenty-five specimens from type locality: MO; 606 specimens from type locality: IN.</p> <p>Etymology: The species name is after Eleonora De Sabata, marine photo-journalist who provided the marine sediment which yielded the studied specimens.</p> <p>Locus typicus: Skerki Bank (37°45’00”N, 10°50’00”E), infralittoral bottom, at a depth of 37 m, Sicily Channel, Mediterranean Sea.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> Only known from the type locality.</p>Published as part of <i>Smriglio, Carlo, Giulio, Andrea Di & Mariottini, Paolo, 2014, Description of two new Jujubinus species (Gastropoda: Trochidae) from the Sicily Channel, with notes on the Jujubinus curinii species complex, pp. 583-590 in Zootaxa 3815 (4)</i> on pages 584-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3815.4.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/224644">http://zenodo.org/record/224644</a>
The network packing problem in terrestrial broadcasting
No full textThe introduction of digital terrestrial broadcasting all over Europe requires a complete and challenging replanning of in-place analog systems. However, an abrupt migration of resources (transmitters and frequencies) from analog to digital networks cannot be accomplished because the analog services must be preserved temporarily. Hence, a multiobjective problem arises, in which several networks sharing a common set of resources have to be designed. This problem is referred to as the network Packing problem. In Italy, this problem is particularly challenging because of a large number of transmitters, orographical features, and strict requirements imposed by Italian law. In this paper, we report our experience in developing solution methods at the major Italian broadcaster Radiotelevisione Italiana (RAI S.p.A.). We propose a two-stage heuristic. In the first stage, emission powers are assigned to each network separately. In the second stage, frequencies are assigned to A networks so as to minimize the loss from mutual interference. A software tool incorporating our methodology is currently in use at RAI to help discover and select high-quality alternatives for the deployment of digital equipment
Mitromorpha (Mitrolumna) alyssae Amati, Smriglio & Oliverio, 2015, n. sp.
No full textMitromorpha (Mitrolumna) alyssae n. sp. (Figs 17; 18 A–E; 27 F; 28 F) Type material. Holotype, type locality, (H 7.3 mm, W 3.45 mm) (Fig. 18 A–C; 28 F) (MNHN IM- 2000-27707); paratypes: 9 sh (5 adults and 4 juv.: BA) type locality, 2 sh (MO), all from the type locality; 4 sh, Salina Is., - 46 m bioclastic sand, 2002 (CS). Type locality. Salina Is., Aeolian Islands, Italy, - 35 m. Etymology. Dedicated to Alyssa Rocchino, granddaugther of one of the authors (B. Amati). Distribution and habitat. Found so far only from the type locality area, Salina Is., in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea. Recent. Empty shells in bioclastic sands, - 35 m (cave) and - 46 m. Found sympatric with M. columbellaria and M. karpathoensis. Description. (in parentheses the data of the holotype) Shell of medium size for the genus (Figs 18 A–E; 27 F), height 7–7.95 (7.3 mm), width 3.3–3.6 (3.45 mm), solid, fusiform, biconic, slender, H/W= 2.028–2.208 (2.115). Protoconch paucispiral (Fig. 28 F) shiny, of 1.3–1.35 (1.35) convex whorl, d 0.20–0.225 (0.20 mm), Do 0.40–0.45 (0.40 mm), DM 0.55 mm, h 0.45 mm. sculptured by many densely arranged microgranules. Protoconchteleoconch boundary well marked, flexuose, opisthocline. Teleoconch of 5–5.5 (5) slightly convex whorls. Sculpture starting with 3 (3) strong spiral cordlets crossed by 12 (12) equally strong axial ribs on the first whorl. Additional spiral cordlets between the adapical ones, and between the suprasutural one and the suture. Last whorl sculptured over the entire surface by 22–25 (24) spiral cordlets, of which 7–10 (8) above the aperture. First 4 abapical spirals, rather strong, broader than the interspaces, lower 9 thinner, flat, those on the base stronger and more spaced. Axial ribs (13–16) present only on the first 3.5 whorls of all shells, producing rounded nodules at the intersection with the spirals and quadrangolar interspaces. Two columellar folds, the posterior larger and frequently bifid on the outer tip (Fig. 6 D). Growth lines visible over the entire surface. Outer lip sharp, thickened internally with 10 (10) small denticles, the second or third posterior more pronounced. Anal sinus shallow. Siphonal canal short, and wide. Coloration brown in the background, with subsutural lighter band, and periphery with small darker blotches and whitish rounded spots. Tubercles lighter than the background. Outer lip lighter, with occasional darker stripes posteriorly. Soft parts unknown. Remarks. M. alyssae n. sp. is similar to M. olivoidea in the chromatic pattern with a brown background and dark and light blotches in the peripheral area, but the blotches are larger, darker and more numerous. M. alyssae lives probably in shallower habitat (empty shells in 35–46 m v. 60 –170 m of M. olivoidea), and differs also in having less spirals on the last whorl (22–25 v. 34 –39 of M. olivoidea) and a coarser sculpture in the first whorls. M. columbellaria has a different chromatic pattern, usually monochrome, and less spirals above the aperture (4–6 v. 7–10 of M. alyssae n. sp.). M. alyssae n. sp. differs from M. karpathoensis (including all morphs), in its less brilliant and colorful chromatic pattern, in having less spirals on the last whorl (22–25 v. 30–40 in karpathoensis) and above the aperture (7– 10 v. 3–4 in karpathoensis). The morphs A and B of karpathoensis have less evident spiral and axial sculpture.Published as part of Amati, Bruno, Smriglio, Carlo & Oliverio, Marco, 2015, Revision of the Recent Mediterranean species of Mitromorpha Carpenter, 1865 (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Mitromorphidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 151-195 in Zootaxa 3931 (2) on pages 172-174, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/23842
Mitromorpha (Mitrolumna) cossyrae Amati, Smriglio & Oliverio, 2015, n. sp.
No full textMitromorpha (Mitrolumna) cossyrae n. sp. (Figs 17; 21 A–D; 28 H) Type material. Holotype, Off Pantelleria Is., Central Mediterranean Sea, - 430 m, Marco Oliverio leg., (MNHN IM- 2000-27712) (Fig. 21 A–D; 28 H). Type locality. Off Pantelleria Is., Central Mediterranean Sea, - 430 m. Etymology. After the ancient Greek-Latin name of Pantelleria Is. (Kossoura or Cossyra). Distribution and habitat. Known only from the type locality, off Pantelleria Is., Central Mediterranean Sea. Recent, although a possible fossil origin (from a reworked assemblage) cannot be ruled out. Only one empty shell in bioclastic sediment, from 430 m depth. Found sympatric, often at different depths, with M. columbellaria and M. karpathoensis. Description. Holotype: Shell of medium size for the genus (Fig. 21 A–D), height 8 mm, width 3.3 mm, solid, fusiform, biconic, rather slender, H/W= 2.424. Protoconch paucispiral (Fig. 28 H), shiny, of 1.3 barely convex whorl, d 0.30 mm, Do 0.475 mm, DM 0.65 mm, h 0.50 mm, sculptured by sparse rare microgranules. Protoconchteleoconch boundary well marked, flexuose, opisthocline. Teleoconch of da 4.8 convex whorls, first two whorls more convex. Sculpture starting with 4 spiral cordlets crossed by 17 axial opisthocline ribs on the first whorl. Third cordlet more pronounced giving a keeled outline to the first two whorls. Additional spiral cordlets between the adapical ones, and between the suprasutural one and the suture. Last whorl sculptured over the entire surface by 29 fine spiral cordlets, equidistant, of equal size, half as broad as the interspaces, of which 9 above the aperture. Axial ribs (16–17) present only on the first 2.5 whorls. Axial ribs of variable strength producing weak nodules at the intersection with the spirals. Two weaks well spaced columellar folds, the posterior with a slightly bifid outer tip (Fig. 6 D). Growth lines visible over the entire surface. Outer lip sharp, thickened internally with 10 elongated denticles, disposed in pairs. Anal sinus shallow. Siphonal canal short, and wide. Coloration light beige in the background, with darker vertical flammulae, and intense darker subsutural blotches. Soft parts unknown. Remarks. We would normally be rather reluctant in describing a new species based on a single specimen. However, the holotype of M. cossyrae n. sp. is so distinct with its rather slender shell (H/ W 2.424) and the spiral sculpture, regularly spaced apart and more pronounced than the axial one that it could not be considered an anomalous specimen of any of the other species. M. bogii n. sp. (Figs 19 A–L; 27 N) has a lower H/W (1.956–2.407), has a smaller number of axial ribs on the first whorl (14 v. 17 in M. cossyrae n. sp.) and a denser and less pronounced spiral sculpture. M. olivoidea (Figs 8 A–O; 9 A–E; 27 G) has a lower H/W (2.021–2.306), smaller apical diameters, more spirals on the last whorl (34– 39 v. 29 in M. cossyrae), 3 spirals on the first whorl (v. 4).Published as part of Amati, Bruno, Smriglio, Carlo & Oliverio, Marco, 2015, Revision of the Recent Mediterranean species of Mitromorpha Carpenter, 1865 (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Mitromorphidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 151-195 in Zootaxa 3931 (2) on pages 176-177, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/23842
Mitromorpha (Mitrolumna) tricolorata Amati, Smriglio & Oliverio, 2015, n. sp.
No full textMitromorpha (Mitrolumna) tricolorata n. sp. (Figs 17; 26 A–F; 27 O; 28 L) Type material. Holotype Cala Calandra, Lampedusa Is., Central Mediterranean Sea, 30 m depth, 30.iv. 1991 (H. 5.65 mm, W 2.9 mm), (MNHN IM- 2000-27713) (Fig. 26 A–C; 28 L). Paratypes: type locality, 2 sh + 6 juv. (INC); 2 sh (BA); Capo Grecale, Lampedusa Is., 50 m, vii.2009, 2 sh (BA), 1 sh (CS), 1 sh (MO). Type locality. Cala Calandra, Lampedusa Is., Central Mediterranean Sea, 30 m depth. Other material examined. Italy: Capo Grecale, Lampedusa Is., 50 m, vii.2009, 2 sh (BA); type locality, 4 sh juv. (BA), 1 sh juv. (MO); Lampedusa Is., Punta Cappellone, Sicily, 4 sh (PC). Etymology. After the chromatic pattern of the shell, with caramel, violet and white colors. Distribution and habitat. Known so far only from the type locality, Lampedusa Is., Central Mediterranean Sea. Recent. Empty shells in bioclastic sands, from 30– 50 m. Found sympatric, often at different depths, with M. olivoidea, M. columbellaria and M. karpathoensis. Description. (in parentheses the data of the holotype) Shell small for the genus (Figs 26 A–F; 27 O), height 5.6–6.15 (5.65 mm), width 2.75–2.95 (2.9 mm), solid, fusiform, biconic, slender, H/W= 1.931–2.084 (1.948); a single, particularly slender specimen (Cala Calandra, Lampedusa Is.) with a H/ W 2.218. Protoconch paucispiral (Fig. 28 L) shiny, slender, of 1.3–1.4 (1.4) convex whorl, d 0.20–0.225 (0.20 mm), Do 0.35–0.375 (0.35mm), DM 0.45–0.50 (0.50 mm), h 0.45 mm (0.45 mm), covered by large, densely arranged, subtriangular granules. Protoconch-teleoconch boundary well marked, slightly flexuose, opisthocline. Teleoconch of 4.4–5 (4.5) slightly convex whorls. Sculpture starting with 3–4 (3) spiral cordlets crossed by 13 (13) axial ribs on the first whorl, the abapical spiral more pronounced in the first two whorls, giving the spire a keeled outline. Additional spiral cordlets between the adapical ones and between the suprasutural one and the suture. Last whorl sculptured over the entire surface by 18–22 (18) strong spiral cordlets, flat, equidistant, of equal size, of which 4 (4) above the aperture and one partly masked by the suture. Axial ribs not present on the last 0.9 whorl. Two columellar folds, the posterior larger. Growth lines visible over the entire surface. Outer lip sharp, thickened internally with 7 (7) denticles, the second or third posterior larger. Anal sinus shallow. Siphonal canal short, and wide. Coloration caramel in the background, with subsutural and basal areas lighter, a whitish stripe always present on the adapical spiral cordlet, more evident on the lasts whorl. Protoconch neatly lighter than the rest of the shell, first teleoconch whorls and aperture violet. Soft parts unknown. Remarks. M. tricolorata n. sp. is characterised by a peculiar chromatic pattern, and by the constant presence of a prominent abapical spiral cordlet, which gives the first whorls a keeled appearance. M. karpathoensis (Figs 11 A–P; 16 A; 27 M) has fewer and larger nodules on the first whorls. M. columbellaria (Figs 1–5; 27 A–E) has a different chromatic pattern, being almost monochrome, with rare specimens bearing a differently colored subsutural band and the first whorls not keeled. M. mariottinii n. sp. has fewer spirals on the last whorl (14– 18 v. 18–22 in M. tricolorata), a different outline with almost flat spire and a more blunt apex. M. mifsudi n. sp. has broader spirals with finer interspaces, and more robust columellar folds. Table 1. Ranges of morphometric characters of the teleoconch in Mediterranean species of the genus Mitromorpha. Measurements in mm. (ad): sample size (full grown intact adults); H: height; W: width; H/W; ratio height/width; Nw: number of whorls; Nrfw: number axial ribs on the first whorl; Nrpw: number axial ribs on the penultimate whorl; Nslw(aa): number of spirals on the last whorl (above the aperture); Nd: number of denticles; Sts: starting number of spiral cordlets. H, W (and H/W), Nw, Nrpw, Nslw, Nsuw(aa), Nd have been measured/counted only on fully grown adults. exceptionally upt to 8 (see text); ** occasionally lacking (see text); *** up to 9 in the deep-water morph Table 2. Morphometric characters of the protoconch in Mediterranean species of the genus Mitromorpha. Measurements in mm. N: sample size; h = height; d = diameter nucleus; Do= diameter of first half whorl; DM = maximum diameter; npw = number of protoconch whorls; Ptb =Protoconch-teleoconch boundary.Published as part of Amati, Bruno, Smriglio, Carlo & Oliverio, Marco, 2015, Revision of the Recent Mediterranean species of Mitromorpha Carpenter, 1865 (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Mitromorphidae) with the description of seven new species, pp. 151-195 in Zootaxa 3931 (2) on pages 181-185, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/23842
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