5,540 research outputs found

    FEASIBILITY OF OPERATING A LAMB SLAUGHTER PLANT IN NORTH DAKOTA

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    A group of North Dakota lamb producers who are members of Valley Wool Growers Association identified several niche markets for high quality North Dakota lambs. The potential availability of a closed, but formerly federally inspected, livestock slaughter and meat processing facility in Steele County heightened their interest in determining the feasibility of a cooperatively owned lamb slaughter and processing facility. The cooperative would be patterned after existing and proposed slaughter cooperatives, whereby cooperative members would own shares to supply lambs to the plant on a year-round basis. The analysis was conducted in several sections corresponding to critical factors which affect feasibility of the plant. The critical factors analyzed included federal inspection requirements, the potential of an adequate supply of lambs, the potential for a viable niche market, plant investment and operating costs, expected return, alternative lamb purchase prices, alternative lamb carcass sales prices, and several investment and expense scenarios. The building and equipment investment was projected to be 1,468,000,whichwashigherthanoriginallyexpectedduetotheextensiverefurbishingnecessarytomeetfederalinspectionandincreasedcapacityrequirements.Plantoperatingexpensesatfullcapacitywereprojectedtobe1,468,000, which was higher than originally expected due to the extensive refurbishing necessary to meet federal inspection and increased capacity requirements. Plant operating expenses at full capacity were projected to be 3,013,877 per year which included 673,877inoperatingexpensesand673,877 in operating expenses and 2,340,000 for lamb purchase. Income from lamb meat sales and pelts was estimated at 2,800,000peryear.Theassumptionsofpurchasing20,000lambsperyearfor2,800,000 per year. The assumptions of purchasing 20,000 lambs per year for 0.90 per pound and selling for 2percarcasspoundresultedinanannualnegativemarginof2 per carcass pound resulted in an annual negative margin of 213,877 at full capacity. Therefore, other scenarios were investigated which would enable the plant to operate profitably. The maximum price that could be paid for lambs to pay all investment and operating costs, including a 7.5 percent return to member equity, was 0.8004perpound.A25percentincreaseinprojectedcostswouldreducethepurchasepriceto0.8004 per pound. A 25 percent increase in projected costs would reduce the purchase price to 0.7358, or a reduction in the lamb carcass sales price to 1.80perpoundwouldreducethelambpurchasepriceto1.80 per pound would reduce the lamb purchase price to 0.7004. The range in probable prices that could be paid for lambs is 0.70to0.70 to 0.80 per pound with a likely price of $0.75. The proposers of the cooperative will need to decide if prices in this range would be sufficient to lure enough member investors to provide the 20,000 lambs necessary to operate the plant.lambs, slaughter, processing, niche market, lamb prices, lamb carcass prices, feasibility, cooperative, federal meat inspection, plant operating expenses, Agribusiness,

    A PRELIMINARY FEASIBILITY FOR ESTABLISHING A MULTI-SPECIES MEAT PROCESSING PLANT IN SOUTHWESTERN NORTH DAKOTA

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    The number of small commodity livestock slaughter plants in the Upper Northern Plains region continues to decline. Significant factors contributing to this decline include: 1) pressure to consolidate, thereby capturing economies of scale; 2) relatively stringent federal inspection specifications, along with; 3) HACCP (Hazardous Analysis Critical Control Points) requirements. At the same time, consumer demand (markets) for specialty, selected, and exotic meats appears to be growing. For example, the recent market successes in Europe evidenced by the North American Bison Cooperative based in New Rockford, North Dakota. Several alternative livestock producer groups have emerged which include lamb, ratite, elk, deer, goat, poultry, rabbit, specialty beef, and organic livestock. These groups have expressed a need for slaughter and processing facilities to meet market demand. The economic question which then becomes foremost to developing a viable business enterprise is: "What is the critical threshold volume (CTV) of product required to succeed in terms of economic profit?" Specialty livestock is relatively new and production volume small in comparison to established commodity livestock such as cattle or hogs. This fact led researchers to consider the preliminary feasibility of a multi-species processing facility as a means of addressing the expressed need.multi-species, specialty meats, specialty livestock, alternative livestock, economies of scale, HACCP (Hazardous Analysis Critical Control Points), slaughter plants, processing plants, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Agribusiness,

    The Family History Of Daniel C. Hodges

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    The Family History of Daniel C. Hodges 21 April 2018 Daniel Clayton Hodges authored this family history as part of the course requirements for HIST 550/700 Your Family in History offered online in Spring 2018 and was submitted to the Pittsburg State University Digital Commons. Please contact the author directly with any questions or comments: [email protected] This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

    Ethnic identity, political identity and ethnic conflict: simulating the effect of congruence between the two identities on ethnic violence and conflict

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    This thesis outlines and presents an alternative hypothetical process to the emergence of ethnic conflict. Ethnic conflicts, rather than being dependent upon pre-existing 'ancient hatreds', are instead the result of a congruence between ethnic and political identity which grants individuals the ability to use ethnicity to identify and eliminate political threats. This hypothesis is formed by the examination of three case studies of ethnic conflict: Lebanon, Northern Ireland and Croatia. This hypothesis is then formalised and tested using an agent based simulation in which agent interactions are dependent upon ethnic and political identity and the congruence between the two. As predicted there was a strong positive correlation between how accurately ethnic identity reflected political identity and the level of ethnically motivated violence in the simulation, although the relationship was not linear. Furthermore the effect of a shift in congruence was found to be roughly comparable to the effect of initialising agents with a moderate level of pre-existing ethnic antagonism

    Replication Data for: Interests, Information and Minority Influence in Deliberation

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    This data and code are to replicate the findings in "Interests, Information and Minority Influence in Deliberation." Please email the author at [email protected] or [email protected] with any questions

    Replication Data for: Interests, Information and Minority Influence in Deliberation

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    This data and code are to replicate the findings in "Interests, Information and Minority Influence in Deliberation." Please email the author at [email protected] or [email protected] with any questions

    Human Rights International Law Symposium

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    The Democratic Entitlement lecture given by Thomas M. Franck, Murry and Ida Becker Professor of Law, at NYU Law School Center for International Studies Human Rights and Peace-keeping Operations lecture given by Diego Garcia-Sayan, Director of the United Nations Office of Human Rights, El Salvador, Executive Director of the Andean Commission of Jurists Subsidiarity and/or Human Rights lecture given by Daniel T. Murphy, Professor of Law University of Richmond TC Williams School of Law A Typology of Transjudicial Communication lecture given by Anne-Marie Slaughter, Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School America\u27s Off Shore Refugee Camps lecture given by Harold Hongju Koh, Gerald C. and Bernice Latrobe Smith Professor of International Law at the Yale Law Schoo

    Method of thermally glazing an article, U.S. Patent 6,127,005

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    Coating and filler materials for localized thermal processing of glazed ceramics and other brittle and low thermal conductivity materials. The coating materials include oxide compositions that exhibit coefficients of thermal expansion which are less than about 8×10-6 /° C. and glass transition temperatures which are less than about 400° C. The filler materials include particulate oxide materials which do not substantially react during localized thermal processing of glazed ceramics and other brittle and low thermal conductivity materials. The coating and filler materials are useable together as a composite material for repairing cavities having depths greater than about 2 mm

    Daniel C. Dennett’s Language of Consciousness

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    The paper discusses the lingual genesis of consciousness. The author reconstructs Daniel C. Dennett’s naturalization strategy, showing how, according to Dennett, language enables the emergence of consciousness in the evolution of humankind. This naturalization assumes a behavioristic view according to which consciousness is a covert verbal behavior. The author shows that Dennett adopts and transforms Mead’s, Skinner’s, and Jaynes’s original behavioristic approaches inscribing them into a course of human evolution. This inscription leads to specific problems discussed in the final part of the paper: There are actually two definitions of consciousness in Dennett’s philosophy — first says that consciousness is a kind of verbal behavior, second says that it is a virtual memetic machine. There is no explanation of the execution rule that could show how given mind content becomes conscious; Dennett introduces the competition metaphor instead. Some contentful events in the brain (mind contents) simply win with others. Inscription of the possible scenario of consciousness development in the evolutionary landscape does not mean that one can testify the theory yet
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