1,721,031 research outputs found
Knowledge of first aid for poisoning by poisonous animals in the sea
No full textUvod: V morju živijo številne strupene živali, ki lahko s svojimi vbodi ali ugrizi povzročijo bolj ali manj resne zastrupitve. Nekatere so tudi smrtno nevarne. Morski zmaji, meduze in določene vrste morskih vetrnic ter bodike so tiste živali, ki v Jadranskem morju povzročijo največ zastrupitev med kopalci, ribiči in potapljači. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kakšno je poznavanje prve pomoči pri zastrupitvah s strupenimi živalmi v morju. Cilj je bil predstaviti najpogostejše strupene živali v Jadranskem morju in opisati simptomatiko zastrupitve, predstaviti napotke za prvo pomoč zastrupljencu pri zastrupitvi s strupenimi živalmi, ugotoviti raven teoretičnega znanja prve pomoči ter primerjati znanje prve pomoči pri zastrupitvi s strupenimi živalmi med ljudmi, ki živijo ob morju, in tistimi, ki hodijo na morje le občasno (turisti). Metode dela: V empiričnem delu je bila uporabljena kvantitativno neeksperimentalna metoda dela. Zbiranje podatkov je potekalo s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, izvedenega v slovenskem in hrvaškem jeziku. Podatki so bili zbirani z aplikacijo za spletno anketiranje 1KA. Pridobljene rezultate smo analizirali s pomočjo Microsoft Excel Office Home 2021. Rezultati: Največji delež anektiranih (92 %) je od strupenih morskih živali na fotografiji prepoznal voščeno morsko vetrnico in najmanj (22 %) mesečinko. Da je morski zmaj oz. pajek strupen, ve 30 % več tistih, ki živijo ob morju, v primerjavi s tistimi, ki živijo v notranjosti države. Več kot dve tretjini anektiranih je prepričanih, da v okviru prve pomoči ob stiku s strupenimi morskimi živalmi prizadeti del kože čim hitreje speremo s sladko vodo, kar ni ustrezno. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovili smo, da imajo anketiranci precej pomanjkljivo znanje o strupenih morskih živalih. Boljše znanje izkazujejo anketiranci, ki živijo ob morju, v primerjavi s tistimi, ki živijo v notranjosti države. Tako laike kot zdravstvene delavce je treba izobraževati o prvi pomoči pri zastrupitvah s strupenimi morskimi živalim.Introduction:
The sea is home to many venomous animals that can cause more or less serious poisoning through their bites or stings. Some of them are even life threatening. Sea dragons, jellyfish and certain species of sea anemones and spiny sea lions are the animals tha t cause the most poisonings among swimmers, fishermen and divers in the Adriatic Sea.
Aim: The aim of this diploma work was to determine the knowledge of first aid for poisoning by poisonous animals in the sea. The aim was to present the most common poison ous animals in the Adriatic Sea and to describe the symptomatology of poisoning, to present first aid instructions for poisoning with poisonous animals, to determine the level of theoretical knowledge of first aid in poisoning with poisonous animals and to compare the knowledge of first aid in poisoning with poisonous animals between people living by the sea and those who go to the sea only occasionally (tourists). Methods: Data collection was carried out by means of a questionnaire in Slovenian and Croatia n languages. Data were collected using the online survey application 1KA. The results were analysed using Microsoft Excel Office Home 2021. Results: the highest proportion of respondents (92%) identified a wax sea
anemone in the photograph and the lowest (22%) a moonfish. 30% more of those living by the sea compared to those living inland know that a sea dragon or spider is poisonous. More
than two th irds of those surveyed believe that, as first aid when coming into contact with toxic marine animals, washin g the affected part of the skin as quickly as possible with fresh water is not adequate. Discussion and conclusion: We found that respondents\u27 knowledge
about toxic marine animals is rather limited. Respondents living by the sea have better knowledge compared to those living inland. Both lay people and health professionals need
to be educated on first aid for poisoning by toxic marine animals
First aid knowledge and attitude of motor vehicle drivers
No full textUvod: število udeležencev v cestnem prometu se povečuje, zato se povečuje tudi število prometnih nesreč in pomembno je, da očividci znajo v takih primerih pravilno ukrepati. Eden glavnih izzivov prve pomoči zato ostaja obnavljanje znanja prve pomoči voznikov motornih vozil in potreba po uvedbi obnovitvenega usposabljanja. Namen: ugotoviti odnos voznikov motornih vozil do prve pomoči in njihovo mnenje do uvedbe obnovitvenega tečaja prve pomoči. Ugotoviti, kakšno je znanje prve pomoči voznikov motornih vozil, kako samoocenjujejo svoje znanje ter njihova stališča o obnovitvenih tečajih prve pomoči. Metode dela: zbiranje podatkov je potekalo s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika. Anketirali smo osebe z opravljenim vozniškim izpitom. Anketni vprašalnik je bil izdelan v odprtokodni aplikaciji 1KA, ki omogoča storitev spletnega anketiranja. Vseboval je 18 vprašanj zaprtega tipa. Rezultati: v anketi je sodelovalo 468 oseb. V večini (68 %) so bili anketiranci samozavestni glede svojega znanja prve pomoči, njihovo dejansko znanje na različnih primerih pa je pomanjkljivo, predvsem v primeru poškodb hrbtenice. Večina (74 %) se je opredelila, da bi moral biti krajši obnovitveni tečaj zakonsko predpisan na vsakih deset let. Razprava in zaključek: glede na mnenje večine anketirancev bi moral biti obnovitveni tečaj prve pomoči zakonsko predpisana obveznost. Potrebno je iskati tudi druge načine ozaveščanja voznikov o prvi pomoči in obnovitvi njihovega znanja. Tako bi bilo znanje prve pomoči voznikov motornih vozil boljše, s tem bi vplivali tudi na samozavest dajanja prve pomoči udeležencev, kar bi lahko pripomoglo k manjšemu številu smrtnih žrtev na slovenskih cestah.Introduction: the number of road users is increasing, leading to a rise in traffic accidents, making it crucial for bystanders to know how to respond correctly. One of the main challenges in first aid is the need for drivers to refresh their first aid knowledge and the importance of introducing refresher courses. Purpose: to determine the attitudes of motor vehicle drivers towards and their views on the introduction of first aid refresher courses. Additionally, assess the drivers first aid knowledge, how they self-evaluate their skills, and their opinions on the necessity of refresher courses. Methods: data collection was conducted using a survey questionnaire. We surveyed individuals who had completed their driver\u27s license exam. The survey was created using the online survey tool 1KA and consisted of 18 closed-ended questions. Results: a total of 468 individuals participated in the survey. Most respondents felt confident about their first aid skillshowever, their actual knowledge, particularly in cases involving spinal injuries, was lacking. The majority (74 %) expressed that a short refresher course should be legally mandated every ten years. Discussion and Conclusion: according to the opinions of most respondents, a refresher first aid course should be a legally mandated requirement. It\u27s also essential to explore other ways to raise awareness among drivers about first aid and to refresh their knowledge. This would improve the first aid skills of motor vehicle drivers, increase their confidence in providing aid, and potentially reduce the number of fatalities on Slovenian roads
First aid knowledge in the case of frostbite among mountaineers
Get PDFUvod: Omrzlina je poškodba tkiva, ki nastane zaradi zunanje temperature, ki je nižja od 0 C. Ker so omrzline poznane kot hude poškodbe tkiva, smo se odločili, da preverimo, kakšno znanje imajo o omrzlinah gorniki v Sloveniji, ki so tovrstnim poškodbam bolj izpostavljeni. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je opozoriti na pomen znanja prve pomoči pri omrzlinah med gorniki in preveriti njihovo znanje o omrzlinah. Metode dela: Priprava diplomskega dela je temeljila na deskriptivno-empirični metodi, z uporabo kritičnega pregleda literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. S pregledom literature in s pomočjo spletnega anketnega vprašalnika smo pridobili podatke o znanju gornikov o omrzlinah, preventivi in prvi pomoči na območju celotne Slovenije. Rezultati: Na anketni vprašalnik je odgovorilo 558 gornikov, od tega je bilo 353 moških (63 %) in 205 žensk (37 %). Povprečna starost je bila 35 let. Gorniki so se odločili, da je zelo veliko tveganje za nastanek omrzlin na prstih (96 %), nato sledi nos (87 %) in ušesa (80 %). Razprava in sklep: Naše ocenjevanje znanja je pokazalo, da je zaželeno izobraževanje na tem področju, saj lahko le s pravilno in hitro prvo pomočjo preprečimo najhujše posledice omrzlin.Introduction: Frostbite is a damage of tissues and is caused by a temperature lower than 0 C. We decided to check how much the Slovenian mountaineers know about frostbite because they are the ones who are exposed to those kind of injuries the most. Purpose: The purpose of this bachelor\u27s degree is to warn about the importance of first aid knowledge in the case of frostbite among mountaineers and to check their knowledge about frostbite. Methods: The preparation of my bachelor\u27s degree was based on the descriptive-empirical method with the use of the critical overview of the relevant literature in the Slovene and English languages. We also used the questionaire to gain some data about the frostbite knowledge of mountaineers and first aid in Slovenia. Results: The questionaire was answered by 558 mountaineers, 353 men (63 %) and 205 women (37 %). The average age was 35 years (29 %). Mountaineers decided that there was a high risk of frostbite on the fingers (96 %), on the nose (87 %) and on the ears (78 %). Discussion and conclusion: We found out that additional education in this field is desired because only a correct and quick help can prevent the worst consequences of frostbite
Comparison of knowledge between professional and volunteer firefighters about body survey in accordance with ITLS protocol
Get PDFUvod: Gasilstvo v Sloveniji v obliki, kot ga poznamo danes, deluje že od leta 1869. Sprva so naloge gasilstva obsegale predvsem gašenje požarov, nato so se razširile. Danes so gasilci izobraženi tudi za nudenje prve nujne medicinske pomoči, med drugim imajo opravljen tečaj za oskrbo poškodovanca po ITLS (International Trauma Life Support) protokolu, katerega cilj je hitra in sistematična oskrba poškodovanca. Ker tako poklicni kot tudi prostovoljni gasilci izvajajo oskrbo poškodovana po ITLS protokolu, smo izvedli raziskavo, kjer so oboji pokazali svoje teoretično in praktično znanje o oskrbi poškodovanca po protokolu ITLS. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je oceniti znanje poklicnih in prostovoljnih gasilcev o oskrbi poškodovanca po protokolu ITLS, primerjati rezultate obeh skupin in na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov predlagati morebitne spremembe v izobraževanju gasilcev v zvezi z vsebinami prve pomoči. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo temelji na deskriptivni metodi dela. V uvodu so predstavljena teoretična izhodišča o nalogah gasilcev in ITLS protokolu. Za oceno teoretičnega znanja o oskrbi poškodovanca po ITLS protokolu smo oblikovali pisni preizkus znanja. Praktični del raziskave je zajemal izvedbo primarnega ITLS pregleda poškodovanca, ki je bil ocenjen na podlagi slovenske verzije uradnega ocenjevalnega obrazca za oskrbo poškodovanca po ITLS protokolu. Rezultati: Poklicni gasilci so pri teoretičnem delu dosegli 93 % uspeh, prostovoljni gasilci pa 94 % uspeh. Pri praktičnem delu so višjo raven znanja pokazali poklicni gasilci, ki so dosegli 63 % uspeh, medtem ko so prostovoljni gasilci dosegli 59 % uspeh. Skupno povprečje teoretičnega in praktičnega znanja pri poklicnih gasilcih je 78 %, pri prostovoljnih 76,5 %. Razprava in zaključek: Glede na dobljene rezultate lahko zaključimo, da so tako poklicni kot tudi prostovoljni gasilci pokazali visoko raven znanja o oskrbi poškodovanca po ITLS protokolu. Na majhno razliko med skupinama najverjetneje vpliva razlika v načinu dela. Poklicni gasilci imajo več izkušenj s posredovanjem v realnih nesrečah, medtem ko imajo prostovoljni gasilci več vaj in so tako bolj teoretično podkovani. Zaključimo lahko, da gasilci aktivno vadijo in obnavljajo znanje, vendar so še možnosti za izboljšave. Za izboljšanje rezultatov bi bilo smiselno, da bi poklicni in prostovoljni gasilci večkrat sodelovali v skupni vaji, kjer bi si delili nasvete in izkušnje.Introduction: Firefighting in Slovenia as we know it today has been present since 1869. At first, the duty of firefighters was mainly fire extinguishing, but the range of their work gradually extended. Nowadays, firefighters know how to provide first medical aid and they completed the course of care of an injured according to the ITLS protocol (International Trauma Life Support). According to ITLS, care must be provided quickly and systematically. As both professional and volunteer firefighters provide care to the injured according to the ITLS protocol, we conducted a survey in which professional and volunteer firefighters showed their theoretical and practical knowledge on the care of an injured according to the ITLS protocol. Aim: The aim of our diploma work is to assess the knowledge of professional and volunteer firefighters on the care of an injured according to the ITLS protocol, compare the results of both groups and, based on the obtained results, suggest eventual changes in the education of firefighters regarding first aid. Methods: The diploma work is based on the descriptive method. The introduction presents the theoretical starting points on the tasks of firefighters and the ITLS protocol. To assess the theoretical knowledge on the care of an injured according to the ITLS protocol, we drew up a written examination. The practical part of the research encompassed the performance of the primary ITLS check of an injured, and the firefighters were assessed using the Slovenian version of the assessment form of care of an injured according to the ITLS protocol. Results: Professional firefighters obtained 93 % success in the theoretical part and volunteer firefighters 94 % success. A higher level of knowledge in the practical part was shown by professional firefighters who achieved 63 % success, whereas volunteer firefighters obtained 59 % success on average. The overall average of the obtained points in the theoretical and practical part of the research by professional firefighters was 78 % and by volunteer firefighters 76.5 %. Discussion and conclusion: In relation to the obtained results, we can conclude that both professional and volunteer firefighters showed a high level of knowledge on the care of an injured according to the ITLS protocol. The small difference between the groups is probably the result of a different work approach. Professional firefighters have more experience from real-life interventions, whereas volunteer firefighters have more training, thus being better educated. Based on the obtained results, we can conclude that firefighters actively practice their skills and update their knowledge, but there is certainly space for improvement. To obtain even better results, professional and volunteer firefighters should more often join forces in the same exercise, sharing advice and experience as well as improving each other\u27s knowledge
Injuries with electric current and first aid
Get PDFUvod: Elektrika je pretok atomovih elektronov skozi prevodnik. Električne opekline so hude poškodbe, ki v večini prizadenejo mlade moške in jih je možno preprečiti. Pri prvi pomoči je potrebno prekiniti stik z električnim tokom in poskrbeti za varnost reševalca ter poškodovanca, nato sledijo nadaljnji ukrepi prve pomoči. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti znanje prve pomoči pri električnih poškodbah med delavci zaposlenimi v Elektro Ljubljana, DE Trbovlje. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela. Za zbiranje podatkov smo uporabili anonimni spletni anketni vprašalnik, katerega smo oblikovali s pomočjo orodja za spletne ankete 1ka. Obsegal je 14 vprašanj, pridobljene podatke pa smo kvantitativno obdelali. Rezultati: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 79 zaposlenih v Elektro Ljubljana, DE Trbovlje. 44 % zaposlenih se je zadnjega tečaja prve pomoči udeležilo pred več kot petimi leti. Številko službe 112 pozna 94 % anketiranih. 53 % anketiranih bi pravilno oskrbelo rano povzročeno z električnim tokom, saj za hlajenje ne bi uporabili vode. 99 % bi najprej poskrbelo za svojo varnost. 66 % anketiranih se za 5 začetnih vpihov ne bi odločilo, 56 % bi jih najprej oživljalo 1 minuto, šele nato bi poklicali 112. V 97 % poznajo razmerje 30 : 2 med stiski prsnega koša in vpihi. V 91 % so mnenja, da bi avtomatski eksterni defibrilator znali uporabiti. Ob sumu na poškodbo vratne hrbtenice bi 75 % anketiranih ravnalo pravilno. 80 % bi premaknilo poškodovanca s sumom na poškodbo vratne hrbtenice samo, če bi bilo to potrebno zaradi reševanja življenja. V enaki situaciji bi nezavestnega bolnika, ki diha, s sumom na poškodbo vratne hrbtenice na bok (položaj za nezavestnega) obrnilo samo 38 % anketiranih. Razprava in zaključek: Anketirani poznajo teoretične osnove temeljnih postopkov oživljanja in oskrbe opeklinske rane povzročene z električnim tokom. Pri vprašanjih, ki zahtevajo več konkretnega znanja, npr. o položaju ob sumu na poškodbo vratne hrbtenice pa je znanje pomanjkljivo, sploh ker gre za ukrepe, ki rešujejo življenja in odločajo o nadaljnji oskrbi poškodovanca. Menim, da bi bilo potrebno tečaje prve pomoči obnavljati na vsaki dve leti.Introduction: Electricity is the flow of an atom’s electrons through a conductor. Burns caused by electricity are injuries that mostly affect young adult men and can be prevented. First aid includes primarily disconnection from the electrical current and ensuring the safety of the rescuer and the injured person, followed by further first aid measures. The purpose: The purpose of the dissertation is to determine the knowledge of electric burns related FA in case of damage among employees of Elektro Ljubljana DU Trbovlje. Methodology: Descriptive work method was used. We used an anonymous online questionnaire, designed by using 1ka web survey tool to collect data, covering 14 questions, and quantitative data analysis was used. Results: The research involved 79 Elektro Ljubljana DU Trbovlje employees. 44% of employees attended the last first aid course 5 or more years ago. 94% of the respondents are familiar with the 112 service number. 53% of the respondents would treat the wound caused by an electric current properly, by not cooling it with water. 99% would first provide their own safety. 66% of respondents would not decide for 5 initial sprays, but 56% would initially resuscitate for 1 minute then call 112. 97% know the 30: 2 ratio between compression and breaths. 91% believe that an automatic external defibrillator could be used. In case of suspected backbone damage, 75% of the respondents would react correctly. 80% would move the injured person with suspected cervical spine damage only if it was necessary to save their life. In the same situation, only 38% of the respondents would turn an unconscious patient who breathes into a stable position on their side (position for unconscious). Discussion and conclusion: The respondents know the theoretical basics of basic procedures for resuscitating and treating burn wounds caused by electrical current, for questions requiring more specific knowledge, e.g. the position in case of suspected neck spine damage, their knowledge is inadequate, especially because those measures save lives and define further care of the injured person. I believe that first aid courses should be renewed every 2 years
Prehospital management of patients with acute stroke
Get PDFUvod: Možganska kap je izguba možganske funkcije zaradi motnje v prekrvavitvi možganov. Nastane lahko kot posledica strdka ali krvavitve, kar povzroči pojav značilnih znakov in simptomov. Je vodilni vzrok obolevnosti in umrljivosti na svetu. Za čim boljši izid zdravljenja so pomembni hitra prepoznava in klic 112 s strani očividcev, hitro posredovanje ekipe nujne medicinske pomoči in bolnišnična obravnava v prvih štirih urah in pol po nastopu simptomov in znakov bolezni. Namen: Opredeliti in opisati možgansko kap in njene vrste, predstaviti epidemiologijo možganske kapi, pomen hitrega ukrepanja in vlogo diplomirane medicinske sestre pri pacientu z možgansko kapjo v predbolnišničnem okolju. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s sistematičnim pregledom literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Do literature smo dostopali prek podatkovnih baz COBIB.SI, CINAHL, Medline plus, ScienceDirect, do katerih smo dostopali prek Digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani in prek spleta. Časovni okvir izbrane literature je bil med letoma 2006 in 2019. Rezultati: Strokovna obravnava pacientov z možgansko kapjo se začne že s klicem na 112, kjer ob sumu na to bolezen dispečer pošlje ekipo nujne medicinske pomoči do pacienta, do katerega člani ekipe dostopijo po principu ABC. V primeru, da je pacient neodziven, mora ekipa nujne medicinske pomoči ravnati po splošnih načelih oživljanja. Medicinska sestra preveri dihalno pot, dihanje in cirkulacijo ter pridobi podatke o vseh vitalnih funkcijah, posname elektrokardiogram in izmeri vrednost sladkorja v krvi ter pacientu nastavi intravenozni kanal. Ekipa nujne medicinske pomoči vitalno stabilnega pacienta v čim krajšem možnem času z nujnim prevozom odpelje v bolnišnico, kjer nadaljujejo z ustreznim zdravljenjem. Razprava in zaključek: Pri obravnavi pacienta z možgansko kapjo sta zaradi hitrega propada možganskih celic ključna zgodnja prepoznava znakov in simptomov možganske kapi ter čim prejšnje ukrepanje. Laiki si za prepoznavo možganske kapi pomagajo s kratico GROM. V primeru, da je pacient pri zavesti, se ga lahko poleže v ležišče z rahlo dvignjenim vzglavjem. Nezavestnega pacienta, ki diha, je treba namestiti v stabilni bočni položaj, pacienta, ki ne diha, pa nemudoma oživljati in poklicati 112.Introduction: A stroke is a sudden loss of brain function due to interrupted blood circulation to the brain. It can occur as a result of a clot or a haemorrhage and causes characteristic stroke signs and symptoms. Stroke is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. In case of a stroke it is important (1) to recognize the symptoms and call the emergency number (112) as soon as possible, that (2) the emergency medical team acts quickly and that (3) the patient receives hospital care in the first four and a half hours after the symptoms occur. Purpose: Identify and describe a stroke and its types, to present the epidemiology of a stroke, the importance of a quick intervention and the role of a registered nurse in the treatment process of a patient suffering from a stroke. Methods: We used the descriptive method and combined it with an overview of Slovene and foreign literature. Our research included articles found in the online bibliographic databases, such as COBIB.SI, CINHAHL, Medline plus, ScienceDirect, which were accessed using the Internet and the Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana. Our research includes the literature written between the years 2006 and 2019. Results: The professional treatment of a stroke begins with a call to the emergency number 112. If the emergency services suspect a stroke, the dispatcher will send the emergency medical team that will use the ABC principle for assessing the situation. In the event that the patient is unresponsive, the emergency medical team has to follow the general principles of resuscitation. In the meantime, the nurse checks the patient’s airway, breathing and circulation. The nurse also collects information on all the vital functions, performs an electrocardiogram and measures the blood sugar level, and sets up an intravenous line. As quickly as possible the emergency medical team transports the stable patient to the hospital that is equipped for treating patients suffering from a stroke, where they can continue with the necessary treatment. Discussion and conclusion: When dealing with a stroke patient, early detection of stroke signs and symptoms as well as an early intervention is crucial due to the possible rapid collapse of the brain cells. People use the F.A.S.T. If the patients are conscious, we can help them lie down into the bed and making sure their head is slightly raised. Unconscious patients that are breathing on their own should be placed on one side, and if the patients are not breathing, we need to perform CPR (in other words Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) and call emergency services on the emergency number 112
Comparison of the acquired practical knowledge of first aid with the help of the online classroom and in the cabinet: an example of a stable side position for the unconscious
No full textUvod: V letu 2020 je informacijsko-komunikacijska tehnologija zaradi razglašene epidemije Covid-19 v večji meri nadomestila izobraževanja v učilnici. Tako se je tudi izvedba študijskih programov Zdravstvene fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani skoraj v celoti prenesla na splet. Pomembna kompetenca, ki jo morajo študenti Zdravstvene fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani usvojiti v okviru prve pomoči, je stabilni bočni položaj za nezavestnega. V času izobraževanja »na daljavo« se tega položaja učijo s pomočjo spletne učilnice. Ob tem se pojavlja vprašanje razlik v doseganju učnih ciljev med učenjem postopka preko spletne učilnice in učenjem na vajah v kabinetu. Namen: Primerjati usvojeno praktično znanje prve pomoči na primeru stabilnega bočnega položaja za nezavestnega preko spletne učilnice z učenjem v kabinetu. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila eksperimentalna metoda dela. Podatke smo zbirali s pomočjo ocenjevalnega lista, s katerim smo evalvirali izveden položaj za nezavestnega. Vsi študenti so imeli najprej možnost poslušanja »on-line« predavanja o tematiki. Nato so študenti prve skupine po ogledu video posnetka v spletni učilnici izvedli stabilni bočni položaj na prostovoljcu, ga fotografirali, posnetek pa naložili v spletno učilnico. Druga skupina študentov je prisostvovala demonstraciji na vajah v kabinetu na Zdravstveni fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani. Po usvojenem znanju je vsak študent izvedel položaj za nezavestnega na prostovoljcu, kar smo fotografirali, posnetek pa je bil podlaga za evalvacijo. Vzorec populacije je bil 100 študentov (50 iz prve in 50 iz druge skupine). Dobljeno število točk (od 5 – nezadostno do 10 – odlično) obeh skupin smo primerjali s t-testom za neodvisne vzorce (s pomočjo programa za statistično obdelavo podatkov SPSS). Rezultati: Povprečna ocena izvedenih položajev »na daljavo« je bila 7,3, v kabinetu pa 8,9, kar je bila statistično značilno višja ocena. Razprava: Študenti druge skupine so v primerjavi s svojimi kolegi iz prve skupine prikazali višjo raven praktičnega znanja tako pri izvedbi položaja kot tudi v kategoriji zagotavljanja proste dihalne poti. Zaključek: Ugotovili smo, da študenti višjo raven praktičnega znanja prve pomoči usvojijo v kabinetu. Na področju usposabljanja iz prve pomoči se tako soočamo z izzivom, kako možnosti informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije izkoristiti na način, da bodo študenti poleg teoretičnih vsebin lahko »na daljavo« usvojili tudi višjo raven praktičnega znanja.Introduction: In 2020, information and communication technology largely replaced classroom education due to the declared COVID-19 epidemic. Thus, the implementation of study programmes of the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, was almost entirely transferred to the Internet. An important competency that the Faculty of Health Sciences students must acquire in first aid is the recovery position. During distance learning, students learn this position through an online classroom. This raises the question of the difference in achieving the learning aims between learning the process through the online classroom and learning in the study. Purpose: To compare the practical knowledge of first aid relating to a recovery position acquired through the online classroom and by learning in the study. Methods of work: An experimental method of work was used. Data were collected with the help of an assessment sheet, which was used to evaluate the performed recovery position. All students first had the opportunity to listen to an online lecture on the topic. Then, after watching the video in the online classroom, the students of the first group performed a recovery position on a volunteer, photographed it, and uploaded the video to the online classroom. The second group of students attended a demonstration in the study at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana. After the knowledge was acquired, each student performed a recovery position on a volunteer, which we photographed, and the recording was the basis for the evaluation. The population sample was 100 Faculty of Health Sciences students (50 from the first group and 50 from the second group). The obtained number of points (from 5 or “insufficient” to 10 or “excellent”) of both groups was compared with the t-test for independent samples (using the SPSS program for statistical data processing). Results: The average score of the position performed through the online classroom was 7.3 and 8.9 of that performed in the faculty\u27s study, which was a statistically significantly higher score. Discussion: Compared to their colleagues from the first group, the students from the second group showed a higher level of practical knowledge both in the implementation of the position itself and in the category of providing an open airway. Conclusion: It has been found that students acquire a higher level of practical knowledge of first aid in the study. In the field of first aid training, we are thus faced with the challenge of how to use the possibilities of information and communication technology in such a way that students will be able to gain a higher level of practical knowledge in addition to theoretical content
Myths in first aid - trauma
No full textUvod: Poznavanje prve pomoči je ključnega pomena za prepoznavo in ukrepanje pri nujnih in ne nujnih travmatoloških stanjih, zato je pomembno, da so javnosti dostopne zanesljive informacije. Zdravstveni delavci in tudi laiki morajo poznati ukrepe ob dogodkih, ki zahtevajo takojšnjo prvo pomoč, saj s tem pripomorejo k zmanjšanju negativnih posledic za zdravje poškodovanca. Namen in cilj: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti prisotnost zmotnih prepričanj o prvi pomoči pri izbranih travmatoloških stanjih med laiki in študenti zdravstvenih smeri. Cilj diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, ali obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike med laiki in študenti zdravstvenih smeri glede poznavanja mitov in dejstev o prvi pomoči pri izbranih travmatoloških stanjih. Metode dela: V teoretičnem delu je bil narejen kritičen pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature. Za pripravo teoretičnih izhodišč je bila literatura iskana v mednarodnih bazah, kot so: Medline (v iskalniku PubMed), Cinahl, DiKul ter s pomočjo spletnega brskalnika Google. V empiričnem delu je bila uporabljena kvantitativno neeksperimentalna metoda dela. Podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo odprtokodne aplikacije za izdelavo anket 1KA. Rezultati: Podatke, pridobljene z anketnim vprašalnikom, smo uredili s pomočjo Microsoftovega Excela 2019 in Microsoftovega Worda. Statistična obdelava podatkov pa je potekala s pomočjo programa SPSS verzija 26. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 466 oseb, od tega 281 študentov zdravstvene fakultete ter 185 laikov. Razprava in zaključek: Izkazalo se je, da so v večini pravilneje odgovorili študentje, razen pri treh trditvah: Če bom pomagal, me bodo tožili, če bom naredil kaj narobeČe bom poškodovanemu motoristu snel čelado, mu glava lahko pade na polUtapljajočega moramo najprej udariti po glavi, da se onesvesti, šele potem ga rešujemo, kjer med laiki in študenti nismo ugotovili statistično pomembnih razlik. Ugotovili smo, da so v večini pravilneje odgovarjali študentje, pri čemer lahko sklepamo, da so dobro ločili med identificiranimi miti in dejstvi o prvi pomoči pri travmatoloških stanjih. Vsi, ki so kakorkoli povezani z usposabljanjem laične in strokovne javnosti o prvi pomoči, si morajo prizadevati, da ovržejo govorice in mite o ukrepih prve pomoči, ki so v nasprotju z doktrinarnimi napotki. Udeleženci usposabljanj morajo dobiti nedvoumne in jasne napotke v zvezi z nudenjem prve pomoči, saj lahko le tako odpravimo zmote in dileme oz. prispevamo k preprečitvi njihovega širjenja in nastanka novih.Introduction: Since knowledge of first aid is essential for recognising and responding to emergency and non-emergency trauma conditions, it is critical that reliable information is available to the public. Healthcare professionals and laypeople alike must be familiar with the actions to be taken in the event of an incident requiring immediate first aid, as this helps to minimise the negative consequences for the injured person\u27s health.. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to find out if there are any misconceptions about first aid in specific trauma situations among laypeople and medical students. The aim of this thesis is to determine if there are statistically significant differences in laypeople\u27s and medical students\u27 knowledge of myths and facts about first aid for particular trauma conditions. Methods: The theoretical section of the paper conducts a critical review of the scientific and professional literature. To prepare the theoretical background, the literature was searched in international databases such as Medline (PubMed), Cinahl, DiKul, and Google. In the empirical section, a quantitative, non-experimental method of work was used. The data were collected using the open-source survey application 1KA. Results: The data collected from the survey questionnaire was edited in 2019 Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word. The data was statistically processed using SPSS version 26. The study included 466 subjects, 281 of whom were medical students and 185 were laypeople. Discussion and conclusion: Except for three statements: if I help, I will be sued if I do something wrongif I remove an injured motorcyclist\u27s helmet, his skull might break in halfwe must first hit the drowning person on the head to knock him unconscious, then we rescue himthere were no statistically significant differences between laypeople and students. We found that students were more likely to answer correctly, implying that they were adept at distinguishing between the identified myths and facts about trauma first aid. All those involved in training the lay and professional public in first aid should make every effort to dispel rumours and myths about first aid measures that contradict doctrinal guidance. Participants in training sessions must be given unambiguous and clear guidance on first aid since this is the only way to eliminate or help prevent the spread and creation of new fallacies and dilemmas
Readiness to provide first aid of the Prekmurje population after an epidemic Sars-Cov-2
No full textUvod: Prvo pomoč opredeljujemo kot začetno oskrbo ob akutni bolezni ali poškodbi, še preden obolela ali poškodovana oseba dobi strokovno pomoč. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, kakšna je pripravljenost Prekmurcev za dajanje prve pomoči v obdobju po epidemiji Sars-Cov-2. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Zbiranje podatkov je potekalo s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, ki je bil namenjen izključno polnoletnim prebivalcem Prekmurja. Anketiranci so bili povabljeni k izpolnjevanju vprašalnika preko socialnih omrežij in elektronske pošte. Anketiranje je potekalo maja 2024. Rezultati: Vprašalnik je izpolnilo 171 oseb (55 % žensk in 45 % moških). Prekmurci so izrazili visoko
stopnjo pripravljenosti za dajanje prve pomoči (87,7 %) in pokazali dobro teoretično znanje o izbranih ukrepih prve pomoči. Velik delež (86 %) se jih je v preteklosti vsaj enkrat usposabljal iz prve pomoči, največ na tečaju prve pomoči za voznike motornih vozil. Večina anketiranih je izrazila željo za obnovitev znanja iz prve pomoči, svoje znanje pa so po petstopenjski lestvici ocenili s povprečno oceno 3,3. Razlog, zakaj bi nekomu dali prvo pomoč, je predvsem njihovo zaupanje v solidarnost: da bo tudi njim kdo pomagal, če bi potrebovali pomoč. Razlog, zaradi katerega se morda ne bi odločili za dajanje prve pomoči, pa je strah, da bi se med nudenjem prve pomoči okužili. Večina anketiranih (84,8 %) pravilno ve, da lahko hudo krvavitev zaustavimo s pritiskom na rano in manj kot polovica (48,5 %)
ve, da amputiranega dela ne smemo dati direktno na led. Večina anketirancev pravilno ve, da opeklinske rane ne smemo čim prej namazati z mazilom, medtem ko 70,8 % anketirancev ve, da morajo biti v kompletu za prvo pomoč v avtu tudi rokavice. Več kot polovica anketirancev je pravilno menila, da pri poškodbah kosti in sklepov poškodovanec naj ne je in pije pred pregledom pri zdravniku (54,4 %) in da bolnika s sumom na zlom kolka ne smejo sami odpeljati v najbližjo zdravstveno ustanovo (84,8 %). Razprava in zaključek: Anketiranci v Prekmurju so izrazili visoko stopnjo pripravljenosti za dajanje prve pomoči,
ta pripravljenost pa v obdobju po epidemiji ni bistveno padla. Se je pa povečal delež tistih, ki jih je strah okužbe med dajanjem prve pomoči, kar pomeni izziv za vse, ki so kakor koli povezani s promocijo in usposabljanjem iz prve pomoči za splošno laično javnost.Introduction: First aid is defined as the willingness to provide help and initial treatment for acute illness or injury before the sick or injured person receives professional help. Purpose: To present first aid in order to find out to what extent people in Prekmurje are prepared to provide first aid in the aftermath of the Sars-Cov-2 epidemic, whether they have ever been trained to give first aid after the Sars-Cov-2 epidemic, whether they have ever been trained in first aid, whether they have ever provided first aid. Methods: The descriptive method was used, with a review of professional and scientific literature in Slovenian and English. Data collection was carried out using a survey questionnaire, which was addressed exclusively to the adult population of Prekmurje. Respondents were invited to fill in the questionnaire via social networks and e-mail. The survey took place in May 2024. Results: 171 (55 % women and 45 % men) completed the questionnaire. The inhabitants of Prekmurje indicated a high level of willingness to provide first aid (87,7 %) and showed good theoretical knowledge of first aid. A large proportion (86 %) had completed at least one first aid training course in the past, most of them in a first aid course for motor vehicle drivers. Most respondents expressed a desire to refresh their first aid knowledge and rated their knowledge with an average score of 3.3. The reason why they would give first aid to someone is primarily their trust in solidarity: that someone would help them if they needed help. The reason why they do not opt for first aid is the fear of getting infected when providing first aid. The majority of respondents (84,8 %) correctly know that heavy bleeding can be stopped by applying pressure to the wound and less than half (48,5 %) know that the amputated part should not be put directly on ice. The majority of respondents correctly know that a burn should not be treated with ointment as soon as possible, while 70, 8% of respondents know that gloves should be kept in the first aid kit in the car. More than half of the respondents wrongly believed that the injured person should not eat or drink before seeking medical attention for bone and joint injuries (54,4 %), and that they should not take a patient with suspected hip fracture to the nearest health facility alone (84,8 %). Discussion and conclusion: Respondents expressed a high degree of willingness to provide first aid in Prekmurje, and this willingness has not decreased significantly in the post-epidemic period. However, the proportion of those who are afraid of infection during first aid has increased, which poses a challenge for all those who are in any way involved in the promotion and training of first aid for the general lay public
Evaluation of first-aid immobilisation for upper limb bone and joint injuries
No full textUvod: Zgornja okončina je najaktivnejši in najmanj zaščiteni del telesa, ki opravlja številne funkcije. Posledično poškodbe zgornje okončine predstavljajo največji delež med vsemi poškodbami. Ob poškodbi je pomembno, da v okviru prve pomoči s pravilno imobilizacijo zagotovimo ustrezno oporo poškodovanemu udu, dokler poškodovanec ne dobi ustrezne strokovne oskrbe. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kakšno je znanje dajalcev prve pomoči (laikov) v zvezi z oskrbo dejanskih poškodb kosti in sklepov zgornje okončine. Metode: Uporabili smo kvalitativno metodo dela – analizo slik. Predhodno smo v uvodnem delu uporabili metodo kompilacije s povzemanjem znanj, stališč in mnenj slovenskih in tujih avtorjev o obravnavni tematiki. Za analizo slik smo kot merski instrument izdelali ocenjevalni list, ki je sledil zasnovi ocenjevanja oskrbe poškodb na preverjanjih usposobljenosti ekip prve pomoči in je prirejen glede na aktualne smernice za imobilizacijo zgornje okončine. Drugi sklop podatkov smo zbrali s pomočjo namensko oblikovanega anonimnega vprašalnika za poškodovance. Rezultati: Vzorec je zajemal 50 poškodovancev, pregledanih v Urgentnem kirurškem bloku Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra v Ljubljani. Povprečno število točk, ki so jih po naših merilih dosegli dajalci prve pomoči pri izvedeni imobilizaciji (M = 3,68 točkeSD = 1,671 točke), je pod srednjo vrednostjo ocenjevalne lestvice. Statistično pomembne razlike smo ugotovili v subjektivni oceni bolečine poškodovancev na vizualni analogni skali pred imobilizacijo in po njej (Z = -4,937p < 0,001 < 0,05). Osebe, ki so pogosteje v stiku z vsebinami prve pomoči, so bolje oskrbele poškodovano okončino kot laiki, ki tega stika nimajo (MW = 166p < 0,001 < 0,05). Razprava in zaključek: Spodbudno je, da dajalci prve pomoči uporabljajo za imobilizacijo zgornje okončine enostavne pripomočke iz kompleta prve pomoči. Glede na postavljena merila so pri oceni oskrbe poškodb kosti zgornje okončine dosegli podpovprečno število točk. Hkrati smo ugotovili, da se je bolečina pri večini poškodovancev po imobilizaciji glede na izhodiščno stanje zmanjšala. Na osnovi tega zaključujemo, da je v primeru poškodb kosti zgornje okončine bolje narediti povprečno imobilizacijo, kot da imobilizacije sploh ne naredimo. Osebe, ki so bolj v stiku z vsebinami prve pomoči, naredijo boljšo imobilizacijo, kar je pričakovano. Na tečajih prve pomoči je treba laike usposobiti za izvedbo kakovostne imobilizacije.Introduction: The upper extremities are the most active and the least protected body parts, performing many functions. As a result, upper limbs account for the largest share of all injuries. In the event of an injury, it\u27s important that first aid immobilization is done correctly and provides adequate support to the injured limb until the injured person receives appropriate professional care. Purpose: The master\u27s thesis aimed to determine the knowledge first aiders (non-specialists without a medical background) have regarding first aid for upper limb bone and joint injuries. Methods: We used a qualitative method – image analysis. In the introductory part, we used the compilation method to summarize Slovenian and foreign authors\u27 knowledge, points of view, and opinions on the topic. For the image analysis, we developed a scorecard. It followed the concept of care assessment of injuries in first aid competency tests and was adapted to the current guidelines for upper limb immobilization. We collected the second dataset using a purpose-designed anonymous questionnaire for injured people. Results: The sample consisted of 50 injured patients examined in the Emergency Surgical Block of the University Medical Centre in Ljubljana. The average number of points achieved by first responders for the immobilization (M = 3.68 pointsSD = 1.671 points) is below the median value. Statistically significant differences were found in the subjective assessment of injured patients\u27 pain based on a visual analog scale before and after immobilization (Z = -4.937p < 0.001 < 0.05). People who are more often in contact with the first-aid content provided better care for injured limbs than people who are not (MW = 166p < 0.001 < 0.05). Discussion and conclusion: It is encouraging that first aiders use simple tools from a first aid kit to immobilize upper limbs. They have achieved below-average scores according to upper limb bone injury care assessment. At the same time, we found that the pain of most injured patients decreased from baseline after the immobilization. This led to the conclusion that for upper limb bone injuries, average immobilization is better than no immobilization. As expected, people with more knowledge about first aid do a better job of immobilization. First aid courses should train non-specialists to perform proper and good-quality immobilization
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