24 research outputs found
The Excretion of Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu Through Excreta of Laying Hens Fed Two Different Levels of Protein with and without Phytase
No full textAn 8-week experiment was conducted to study the effect of added Natuphos® 5000 phytase in corn–soybean meal-based diets on laying hens fed different levels of crude protein (CP) (14 and 17%). Two levels of phytase enzyme were used: 0 and 600 Phytase Units (FTU)/kg feed. The experiment used 144 Hisex Brown laying hens in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Four treatments and three replicates per treatment with 12 hens per replicate were used. Egg production was recorded daily while egg weight was assessed on 13th and 14th day of each two-week period to calculate total egg mass. Total excreta were collected and approximately 10% of the amount was used for analysis after drying in a forced draft oven. The results showed no significant effect of added phytase on excreta Calcium (Ca) content, but significantly lower Magnesium (Mg) content was observed with phytase (3.54, 2.48, 3.13 and 2.75 % for hens fed 14% CP no phytase, 14% CP + phytase, 17% CP no phytase, and 17% CP + phytase, respectively). Added phytase also significantly decreased Mg excretion measured as grams/kg of egg mass (21.43, 12.47, 16.76 and 14.75 g/kg egg mass for hens of respective dietary treatments. Phytase had a strong effect on Zink (Zn) levels with 438.96, 369.17, 434.38 and 374.58 mg Zn/kg dry excreta of hens. Similar results were observed with Cu. Added phytase significantly reduced the excreta content and the excretion of Cu. The results of this experiment indicate that adding 600 FTU to laying hen diets containing 14% CP decreases the excretion of Mg, Zn and Cu without any adverse effects on the egg mass produced of laying hens
Influence of management and physiological factors on somatic cell count in raw cow milk in Kosova
No full textGlavni cilj istraživanja bio je odrediti utjecaj broja somatskih stanica u mililitru na kakvoću sirova mlijeka na nekim gospodarstvima mliječnih krava na osnovi postojećih normi za kakvoću sirova mlijeka u Kosovu. U razdoblju od kolovoza 2007. do veljače 2008. laboratorijski su bila pretražena 2203 pojedinačna uzorka mlijeka. Model GLM bio je upotrijebljen za analizu učinka različitih varijabli na broj somatskih stanica u sirovom mlijeku. Učinak svih varijabli smatran je trajnim. Sveukupni rezultati pokazuju da su veličina stada (PThe main aim of this research was to study the effect of somatic cell count (SCC/mL) in raw milk in some cattle dairy farms according to the existing standards for raw milk quality in Kosovo. The results derive from 2203 individual samples from milk recording laboratory analyses in the period August 2007-February 2008. The GLM model was used to analyze the effect of different variables on the presence of SCC in raw milk. The effect of all variables was considered as a fi xed. The overall results show that herd (
An implicature found in Khaled Hosseini’s novel “A Thousand Splendid Suns”
No full textABSTRACT
This research is focused on implicature especially on Grice’s theory of conversational implicature. The writer wants to interpret the implicit meaning of the utterances found in the novel. The reason why the area needs to be investigated is that because the characters often express their utterances in an implied way and of course there are number of utterances whose implicit meaning in order to get better understanding.
The aim of this research is to discover the types of implicature found in Khaled Hosseini’s novel A Thousand Splendid Suns and also to understand how the implicature are used in the Khaled Hosseini’s novel A Thousand Splendid Suns. By finding and understanding the implicatures expressed in the novel, the writer could decide and identify the types of implicatures that mostly used by the speakers in the novel. In other words, I could easily find and understand the conversational implicature used by the author to express the speakers’ intended messages.
The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. This research deals with words not number. Besides, the data were described descriptively based on the Grice’s theory of implicature, what and how impicatures were found in A Thousand Splendid Suns novel. This method was choosen since the accurate results from the data analysis should be gained.
From the analysis, it is found that most of the speakers used particularized conversational implicatures to express their information to the hearers. Particularized conversational implicature is used when the utterance that has implied meaning which cannot separated with the context, it relies on the context, it may not be identified when the hearer of the utterance did not read the whole context of the utterance. Generalized conversational implicature is used when the information that is being conveyed is clear, brief and not ambiguous. These are required by the readers to understand the information without considering the context that bound it.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini difokuskan pada implikatur, terutama teori implikatur percakapan yang di kenalkan oleh Grice. Penulis ingin menginterpretasikan makna tersembunyi dari ujaran-ujaran yang ditemukan didalam novel. Alasan kenapa area ini perlu di teliti karena para pemeran di dalam novel ini seringkali mengekspresikan ujaran mereka secara tersembunyi dan tentu saja di dalam novel ini terdapat banyak makna tersembunyi yang harus di teliti untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih tentang novel ini.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan tipe implikatur yang digunakan dalam novel A Thousand Splendid Suns dan untuk mengerti bagaimana implikatur tersebut dapat diproduksi oleh para pemeran dalam novel A Thousand Splendid Suns. Dengan menemukan dan mengerti implikatur dalam novel ini, penulis dapat menentukan dan mengidentifikasi tipe implikatur yang sering digunakan oleh penutur dalam novel. Dengan kata lain, penulis dapat dengan mudah menemukan dan mengerti implikatur percakapan yang digunakan oleh pengarang novel untuk mengekspresikan perasaan para pemeran dalam novel.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif karena penelitian ini berhubungan dengan kata bukan angka. Disamping itu, data dalam penelitian ini dideskripsikan berdasarkan teori implikatur Grice, apa dan bagaimana implikatur dapat ditemukan dalam novel A Thousand Splendid Suns. Metode ini dipilih selama hasil yang akurat dari analisa data harus diperoleh.
Dari penelitian ini, penulis akhirnya dapat menemukan implikatur yang sering digunakan oleh penutur dalam novel ini yaitu implikatur percakapan khusus. Implikatur percakapan khusus digunakan ketika ujaran yang mengandung makna tersembunyi tidak dapat dipisahkan dari konteksnya, implikatur percakapan ini sangat terikat pada konteksnya, pendengar tidak akan mengerti maksud dari ujaran tersebut apabila pendengar tidak membaca seluruh konteks ujaran tersebut. Implikatur percakapan umum digunakan ketika informasi yang ingin disampaikan jelas, singkat dan tidak ambigu. Pendengar dapat memahami maksud ujaran tersebut tanpa harus membaca seluruh konteks ujaran yang disajikan
Application of ELISA and RT-PCR for the detection of pork adulterated in beef meat products marked in Kosovo
No full textThe problem of adulterated ingredients in processed food products is widely observed in the food industry and remains a continuous concern for consumers. This problem may interfere not only with consumers’ religious ethics, but also with their health and diet. Therefore commercial foods should be monitored for the accuracy of the declared ingredients. This study aims at identification of pork matter adulterated in processed beef meat products marked in Kosovo.
Commercial beef food samples were routinely collected at different markets around Kosovo. The analyzed samples consisted of sausages, salami, pate and ragu sauce and were declared as 100% beef. All samples were initially prepared into a test portion and further processed for serum albumin or genomic DNA extraction (CTAB, ISO-21571:2005). After the initial processing, samples were first tested for the presence of pork matter by the ELISA method and all positive samples were tested for confirmation by RT-PCR.
From a total of 25 analyzed food products, ELISA was able to detect pork in 32% of them with an accuracy of 100% among duplicate samples. All ELISA positive samples were further confirmed by RT-PCR, either by a commercial kit or designed primers specific for pork mitochondrial DNA. The specificity of the amplified PCR products was confirmed at the end on the micro-fluidal electrophoresis.
These data show that the adulteration of beef meat products is frequent in Kosovo marked and that the combination of ELISA and RT-PCR provides a very effective and reliable option that can be applied for routine monitoring of food adulteration in commercial products of animal origin in the Kosovo
The prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus and their virulence genes in bulk tank milk in Kosovo
No full textIntroduction: Milk is considered to be a healthy, nutritious food product. Microbiological quality is an important aspect in evaluating the quality of milk. Methodology: A total of 603 bulk tank milk samples from 221 farms distributed across ten different regions were collected for milk quality assessment. Quality was judged by total viable count, and the prevalence of two foodborne pathogens (Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus) by using selective media and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The presence of virulence genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Results: Milk from only 7% (15/221) of farms were found to comply with the European Union standard. Interestingly, the microbiological quality of milk from the larger herd size farms (more than 10 cows) was better than in smaller herds. L. monocytogenes was found in 2.7% (6/221) of farms, and all the examined L. monocytogenes isolates were positive with respect to the virulence genes prfA, actA, and hlyA. S. aureus was found in 39.8% (88/221) of the farms. In total, 30.7% (27/88) of the staphylococci were positive for enterotoxin production. The enterotoxins identified were toxin B (40.7%), toxin D (33.4%), toxin C (18.5%), and toxin A (7.4%). Conclusions: The total number of bacteria in milk was very high. The presence of two foodborne pathogens in raw milk represents a great health risk to consumers. To improve the microbial quality of milk in Kosovo, important measures to improve hygiene, including better information, guidance, and control, are needed.</jats:p
Meta-analysis of project-based learning in early childhood: entrepreneurial context
No full textThe period of early childhood is the formation and cultivation of values through habituation in children's learning activities in educational institutions, one of which is in kindergarten. This study aims to analyze project-based early childhood learning and instill entrepreneurial values in children. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) was used as the method for conducting this research. The articles reviewed are 30 of the latest articles from 2019 to 2022. All articles are classified by author, year of publication, type of journal or conference, method, project learning model, and findings. The results of the study are presented as follows. (1) The search results prove that there has been an increase in the number of published articles from 2019-2021 (2) The research results show that project-based entrepreneurship learning models are being introduced to early childhood learning. (3) The project-based entrepreneurship learning model developed for kindergarten education can stimulate aspects of child development
Aktualisasi nilai-nilai keagamaan pada mahasantri di Ma’had Sunan Ampel Al-Ali UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
No full textABSTRAK
Dalam mewujudkan generasi yang memahami, dan mengamalkan nilai-nilai keagamaan dalam islam banyak jalan yang ditempuh, seperti pada Ma’had (pondok pesantren). Banyak ma’had yang pengajarannya lebih menekankan pada kegiatan- kegiatan keagamaan, yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam pembentukan kepribadian santri yang bertaqwa kepada Allah SWT yang berbudi luhur dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Akan tetapi pada realita yang terjadi saat ini mayoritas ma’had hanya mengajarkan tentang teori-teori belajar saja, seakan-akan menyampingkan nilai-nilai agama. Sementara itu pembelajaran di Ma’had Sunan Ampel Al-Ali UIN Malang tidak hanya mengajarkan cara mengaji kitab dan Al- Qur’an, tetapi juga mengaktualisasikan nilai-nilai keagamaan baik yang menyangkut aqidah, ibadah, syari’ah, maupun akhlak. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai keagamaan yang di Aktualisasikan oleh Ma’had Sunan Ampel Al-Ali, serta mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan program kegiatan dalam aktualisasi nilai-nilai keagamaan pada mahasantri di Ma’had Sunan Ampel Al-Ali.
Metode Penelitian yang peneliti lakukan adalah termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif. Dalam perjalanan pengumpulan data, penulis menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk analisisnya, penulis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu berupa data-data yang tertulis atau lisan dari orang dan pelaku yang diamati sehingga dalam hal ini penulis berupaya mengadakan penelitian yang bersifat menggambarkan secara menyeluruh tentang keadaan yang sebenarnya ada di lapangan.
Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan penulis dapat disampaikan disini bahwa: 1. Aktualisasi nilai-nilai keagamaan pada mahasantri Ma’had Sunan Ampel Al-Ali berupa: a. memberi bimbingan Aqidah, seperti mengenalkan cinta kepada Allah dan para RasulNya dengan menghafal nama dan sifat-sifatNya. b. Memberikan bimbingan Ibadah, seperti sholat berjamaah, puasa sunnah pada hari dan bulan tertentu. c. Memberikan bimbingan akhlak, seperti mengenalkan akhlak terhadap Allah, akhlak kepada sesama dan orang yang lebih tua, dengan pembiasaan salam dan sapa jika saling bertemu, akhlak terhadap diri sendiri dengan bersikap disiplin, bersih dan bertanggung jawab. 2. Program kegiatan dalam aktualisasi nilai-nilai keagamaan pada mahasantri yaitu berupa: a. Penerbitan Buku Manasik hajji, h. Penciptaan lingkungan Arabby, i. Unit pengembangan kreatifitas mahasantri, j. Seminar dan diklat agama, seperti diklat penentuan arah kiblat dan diklat manajemen zakat. 3. Metode yang digunakan dalam program kegiatan aktualisasi nilai-nilai keagamaan berupa: a. Metode pembiasaan, b. Metode pemberian hukman, c. Metode ceramah, d. Metode sorogan, e. Metode simulasi. Dan semua hasil peneliatian yang dilakukan peneliti, semua rumusan masalah terjawab sesuai dengan realita keadaan lapangan.
ABSTRACT
In realizing the generations that understand, and apply the religious values on Islam many ways which are done like at Ma’had (dormitory boarding school). Many Ma’had are teaching more emphasis on religious activities, which has an important role in shape of the personality of students who are devoted to Alloh SWT and virtuous in society’s life. Unfortunately, the reality of situation now is that the majority of Ma’had only teach about learning theories, as if puts beside the religious values. However, the learning at Ma'had of Sunan Ampel Al-Ali UIN Malang not only teaches how to recite the Qur'an and books, but also actualize the good religious values regarding aqidah, worship, Shari'ah, and morals. The purpose of this research is to understand and describe the religious values that are actualized by Ma'had of Sunan Ampel Al-Ali, and also identify and describe the program of activities in the actualization of religious values to students (Mahasantri) at Ma'had of Sunan Ampel Al-Ali.
The researcher uses the qualitative research as a research method. In collecting data, the researcher uses an observation method, interview and documentation. Whereas for analyzing, the researcher uses qualitative-descriptive analysis techniques, namely the form of data that are written or spoken from persons or doers who are observed so that in this case the researcher attempts to organize a research is thoroughly describe about the real situation on the field
The results of research by the author can be submitted that: 1. Actualization of religious values to students (Mahasantri) Ma'had of Sunan Ampel Al-Ali in the form of: a. providing an Aqidah guidance, such as introducing the love to Alloh and His apostles with memorizing names and attributes. b. providing a worship guidance, such as prayers, sunnah fasting on the days and particular months. c. providing moral guidance, such as introducing the character of Alloh, morality to others and older people, with habituation greetings and courtesies if converge, morals about themselves by being disciplined, clean and responsible. 2. The program activities in the actualization of religious values to students (Mahasantri) the form of: a. Publishing Handbook Ma'had, b. New Students Orientation (ta'aruf Ma'hadi), c. Ta'lim al-Afkar al-Islamiyya, d. Qur'an study groups, e. Tahsin Al-Quran recitations, f. Completing the Qur'aan every month, g. Pilgrim rituals, h. creating Arabby environment, i. the development unit of Mahasantri creativity , j. Seminars and religious training, such as training of determining the Qiblat direction and training charity (zakat) management. 3. The Methods used in the program activities of the actualization of religious values in the form of: a. Habit method, b. Hukman present method, c. speech method, d. Sorogan method, e. Simulation methods. And all the results of research are done by researcher are appropriate with the reality of field condition
Japan – Unrest or the Art of Silence? The influence of Japanese aesthetics on contemporary design
No full textCelem artykułu jest przybliżenie wpływu, jaki na projektantów mody i designu z Azji, a dokładniej z Japonii, wywiera wykształcona przez Japończyków estetyka. Czy twórcze niepokoje znajdują wizualizację w projektach, czy sztuka wyciszenia, filozofia i estetyka wykształcona od pokoleń daje impuls do działania? Analiza założeń i pojęć z tej dziedziny pozwoliła na wybranie tych – według autorki najważniejszych – pojęć, które determinują działania japońskich twórców. Każdy aspekt życia Japończyków ma na celu wywołanie efektu estetycznego.
W tekście omówione zostały takie określenia charakterystyczne dla estetyki japońskiej jak shibui, wabi sabi, iki. Poznanie tych zagadnień pozwala głębiej zrozumieć sens działań i filozofię projektantów, ich podejście do piękna, życia, śmierci. Autorka opisuje zachwyt Japończyków nad kruchością i ulotnością, niedoskonałością i niedopowiedzeniami. Zrozumienie tych podstawowych pojęć daje wiedzę, która pozwala zrozumieć filozofię twórców designu na przykładzie twórczości Naoto Fukasawy, studia projektowego Nendo czy marki MUJI. Omówione zostały również sylwetki projektantów mody mających wkład w rozwój tego obszaru: Rei Kawakubo, Isseya Miyake, Yoshija Yamamto. Zapoznanie się z przedstawionymi w tekście zagadnieniami pozwala lepiej i głębiej zrozumieć filozofię twórczości japońskich projektantów.The aim of the article is to present the influence of aesthetics developed by the Japanese on fashion and design in Asia, and more specifically in Japan. Do creative anxieties find visualization in designs, or does the art of silence, philosophy and aesthetics, which have been honed over generations, give an impulse to act? The analysis of the assumptions and concepts in this field allowed for the selection of the most important concepts – according to the author – that determine the creations of Japanese artists. Every aspect of Japanese life is designed to create an aesthetic effect.
The text discusses such terms characteristic of Japanese aesthetics as shibui, wabi sabi, and iki. Getting to know these features allows for a deeper understanding of the meaning of activities and philosophy of designers, their approach to beauty, life, and death. The author describes the Japanese delight over the fragility and elusiveness, imperfection and understatement. Understanding these basic concepts gives you knowledge that allows you to understand the philosophy of design creators following the example of the works of Naoto Fukasawa, Nendo design studio or the MUJI brand. The profiles of fashion designers who contributed to the development of this area were also discussed: Rei Kawakubo, Issey Miyake, Yoshija Yamamto. Getting acquainted with the issues presented in the text allows better and deeper understanding of the philosophy of the works of Japanese designers
