77 research outputs found
Hagar as Israel: A Prismatic Reading of Hagar and Ishmael
No full textThe Hagar and Ishmael story (Gen 16, 21) is one of Genesis’ most undervalued stories. Historically, Jewish and Christian interpreters have approached the text with a bias against Hagar in favor of Sarah. This approach hampers the ability of interpreters to see how the author(s) of Genesis may be utilizing the narrative in a pro-Hagar way. This thesis rehabilitates Hagar and Ishmael’s image by engaging in a charitable and canonical hermeneutic which seeks to see the story in light of a network of inner-biblical allusions. There are three important literary connections which are necessary to understand Hagar and Ishmael include the sacrifice of Isaac (Gen 22), the fall of Adam and Eve (Gen 3), and Israel’s Exodus. These three associations open the possibility for a positive reading of Hagar and Ishmael that shows God’s universal tendencies which transcend ethnicity
Hagar: An African American Lens
No full textEmily Peecook links the story of Hagar to African-American slave women in the antebellum, and the community of African-American women who continue to fight for their rights today. The narrative of Hagar is one with which African-American women have long identified. Hagar\u27s story is rife with abuses that were very familiar to slave women during the antebellum. Both were used as sexual and maternal surrogates, and both were deprived of supportive men in their life be it a father or a husband. Hagar\u27s survival through the many difficulties she faced has made her an inspirational figure to the community of African American women. The theology most clearly identified with Hagar is, however, not liberation theology, but survival theology. This notion, popularized by Delores Williams, claims not that one should anticipate God\u27s victory over oppression, but rather that one can find continued strength in God to work towards a personal victory over oppression. The author claims that this theology, which can trace its roots back to Hagar\u27s story, serves as an inspiration to African-American women today who continue to find the strength to fight for a higher quality of life
Den maskulina modern: Könsmässig ambivalens i Hagar Olssons roman Det blåser upp till storm (1930)
No full textThe Masculine Mother. Ambivalence and Gender in Hagar Olsson’s Novel Det blåser upp till storm (1930)
This article discusses the construction of female masculinity in the novel Det blåser upp till storm (”A Storm Is Brewing”, 1930) by the Finnish modernist author Hagar Olsson (1893–1978).
The masculine woman is quite a common character in Olsson’s prose but this trait has not necessarily been read as a subversive one.The novel uses ambivalence in order to reveal an alternative way of performing gender. The text places the protagonist Sara Ellman in a traditionally feminine, symbolical position but still her voice, personal philosophy and conduct can be considered more masculine than feminine.
Det blåser upp till storm can also be interpreted as a feminist novel. In Scandinavian literature, Hagar Olsson is one of the first women writers to present the idea of the personal as something utterly political. This article suggests that Hagar Olsson’s novel therefore has inspired other women writers, especially in Sweden, to explore the possibility of presenting women in a different light, and to challenge the limits of their gender through the combination of maternity and masculinity.
The textual analysis focuses on how Olsson creates “gender trouble”, especially when describing the protagonist’s relationship with her fiancé. In the text, culturally defined masculine traits are consistently linked to the protagonist, while her fiancé is placed in a position usually reserved for women. Even though the protagonist’s aim is to (re-)write the life of her dead fiancé the result presented to the reader is a story about the protagonist herself, seen through her eyes and told with an authoritative, masculine voice.
One of the functions of the novel’s ambivalence, therefore, is both to reveal the starting point: a rigorously normative age with given gender roles – and to demonstrate the possibility of change by imitating gender in an alternative way
Everyday Nationalism: Representations of the Falkland Islands/Malvinas Conflict in the United Kingdom and Argentina
No full textNational identity is malleable; it is shaped by events such as conflicts, disasters, and achievements. The following research paper details a study conducted to assess the influence of the Falkland Islands/ Malvinas War of 1982 on national identity among youth in Argentina and the United Kingdom. Differences between the representations of the conflict in the two countries were discovered through interviews with British citizens and Argentines. The experiences of those individuals, were used to discover the factors that led the war to play a big role in Argentine society and the reasoning behind the lack of mention of the war in contemporary British society. This research suggests that factors such as changes in regime, support of troops from the home front during the conflict, and large differences between socio-economic classes led to the reproduction of representations of the Falklands/ Malvinas islands and war in Argentina. Furthermore, British imperialism and the United Kingdom’s participation in two World Wars reduced the importance of the conflict within British society, therefore reducing its presence and representation in contemporary society
Sisters of the Soil...Surviving Collective, Cultural Traumatization: Intertextualities between Hagar, the Ethiopian Virgin Girls in the Book of Esther, and Mother Africa
No full textAssessing ancient Israel and Africa as contexts, this paper evaluates the intersections between colonialism, patriarchy, and the sexual exploitation of Mother Africa and Africana girls. Specifically, the stories of Hagar, in the book of Genesis, and the virgin girls, in the book of Esther, are explored. I argue that the Africana girls represented in both texts are exploited by multiple sets of patriarchs and empires, who sexually objectify and commodify them. The girls' anatomical/material bodies are sexually invaded, silenced, displaced and ultimately erased. Similarly, Mother Africa's geopolitical and socio-cultural body is physically and sexually exploited and regulated by colonial forces. Often, the sexual exploitation of Africana girls and women are overshadowed and marginalized in the reception histories of Genesis and Esther through narrative focus on Israel/the Jews. Moreover, many interpreters engage solely in gender analysis, ignoring the intersectional oppression of Africana females. These experiences of Africana females described in the biblical texts reflect the lives and experiences of colonized, diasporized, Africana women in contemporary contexts and Mother Africa herself, who continues to be raped and pillaged by colonial forces. As such, both Africa and Africana girls and women are positioned socio-historically as sex objects. This sexual objectification and exploitation constitutes collective, cultural trauma
Housing Satisfaction of tenants in middle segment rental housing in Amsterdam
No full textThe municipality of Amsterdam wants to allow the middle segment in the rental sector to grow further in size in the coming years, to better facilitate the housing needs of residents between the social rental sector and the owner-occupied sector. However, it is important to gain a better insight into both the quantitative and qualitative housing demand for housing in that middle segment, to make sure that suitable housing supply can also be realized in this housing segment. To be able to realize suitable housing supply in the middle segment rental sector, it is of importance to know which characteristics of the house and the living environment are more decisive for the housing satisfaction of the tenants. The research methods in this thesis are quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative analysis will be done to define the supply and demand in the current housing stock. First the quantitative data will be analyzed by using data from WiMRA (2021), which provides information about the current situation of the middle segment housing, the users and their housing satisfaction. The qualitative research will be done by interviews with tenants of housing provided by housing associations and private actors in Amsterdam and by analyzing the current state of satisfaction of these tenants, to complement the quantitative research. The goal of this research is to create a solution to match supply and demand from both a qualitative and quantitative perspective for midsegment housing and to increase satisfaction of residents of middle segment housing.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Management in the Built Environmen
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No full textThe article “Intermittent levosimendan infusion in ambulatory patients with end‑stage heart failure: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of 984 patients”, written by Hagar Elsherbini, Osama Soliman, Casper Zijderhand, Mattie Lenzen, Sanne E. Hoeks, Rasha Kaddoura, Mohamed Izham5, Abdulaziz Alkhulaifi, Amr S. Omar, and Kadir Caliskan, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 11 April 2021 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 10 June 2021 to</p
Experimental and numerical investigations on the structural performance of mild and high strength steel welded RHS X-joints
No full textHigher strength steels (HSS) hollow sections with steel grades from S460 up to and including S700 are becoming increasingly competitive in long span structures. Reduction of self weight is accomplished with the smaller wall thickness of the hollow section, leading to fabrication, transport and execution benefits. The use of HSS has a positive effect on the CO2 equivalent emission, which is aligned with the European Green Deal for the future development of the construction sector. Lack of experimental evidence is identified as one of the main reasons to propose rather pessimistic material factors in the revised version of EN1993-1-8 [5] for design in tubular joints. The revised version, published in 2020, recommends material reduction factors for the design of joints made of steel with yield strength larger than 460 and up to 700 MPa, in the range from 0.9 to 0.8.In this thesis, the behaviour of the X-joints made of steel grade S355, S500 and S700 are investigated experimentally and numerically, and the proposed material reduction factors are discussed. Five full-scale welded X-joints in tension with rectangular hollow section were tested Stevin Lab II, TUD. Additionally, base material and butt-welded coupon specimens are tested to obtain the engineering stress-strain relationship of the base material, weld and heat affected zone (HAZ). Based on the results of coupon tests, finite element software ABAQUS is used to model X-joint and to supplement the limited number of experiments. Furthermore, result of a parametric study is presented in which effects of three parameters: the yield strength, the parameter β (ratio of the width of the brace member to that of the chord member) and the thickness of the chord are investigated to analyse their influence on the structural performance of X-joints. Following properties are thoroughly examined: static strength, stiffness, ductility and failure mode. Finally, conclusions are drawn on the validity of the material reduction factors. Civil Engineerin
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