1,720,994 research outputs found
Dental education challenges during the covid-19 pandemic period in italy: Undergraduate student feedback, future perspectives, and the needs of teaching strategies for professional development
Full text linkThe COVID-19 pandemic literally stopped most human movement and activities as it initially spread, which included dental practices and dental education. This defined the need for significative changes in teaching and learning with the use of “e-learning” methods, also for traineeships. This study was designed to determine the undergraduate student perception of these new methods as part of their education. This involved 353 students attending the Dental School of the G. D’Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, from the first to the sixth years. A questionnaire in Italian and was set-up using “Google Forms” and sent by email to the students. The questionnaire was divided into three parts: the first part included questions for general information, including age, sex and year of course; the second part had multiple choice questions related to their evaluation of the e-learning teaching, using a scale of opinion in the replies to each question (e.g., “scarce”, “fair”, “satisfying”, “very good” and “excellent”); and the third part included two open questions to indicate the strengths and limitations of these new teaching and learning approaches. The categorical variables in the first and second parts of the questionnaire were evaluated using Chi squared tests, setting significance at p < 0.05, while the comments were evaluated qualitatively. The student feedback showed significant appreciation (p < 0.05) of the new methods and the efforts that the lecturers put in to provide lectures of as high a quality as possible. However, a lack of practical training was significantly perceived as an important problem in the structure of their new curriculum (p < 0.05). COVID-19 has been an epic tragedy that has hit the human population not only in terms of health and healthcare, but also quality of life. This includes the quality of dental education within universities. However, the pandemic can be seen to also represent motivation to invest in the necessary technological innovation to deliver the best possible education to our future dentists
The Effects of High Insertion Torque Versus Low Insertion Torque on Marginal Bone Resorption and Implant Failure Rates: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses
No full textOBJECTIVES: The aim was to analyze the data about the effects on marginal bone
resorption and implant failure rates between implants inserted with high or low
insertion torque values.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search until July 2015 was
conducted. Data were summarized qualitatively in descriptive tables and
quantitatively by performing random effects meta-analyses of effect sizes (ESs)
for bone resorption and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and relative risks (RRs)
for implant failures. Risk of bias assessments were performed using the Cochrane
tool for human studies and the SYRCLE's tool for animal studies.
RESULTS: Four studies in humans and 6 quasirandomized animal studies were
included. A total of 591 implants were evaluated qualitatively: 348 installed
with high insertion torque (>25 Ncm, up to 176 Ncm) and 243 implants inserted
with low torque values (<30-35 Ncm). No significant differences were detected for
bone resorption (ES, 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.12 to 0.38 in human
studies; ES predictive interval from 35.03 to 34.50 in animal studies), implant
failure (RR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.01-20.77 in human studies; RR, 2.05; 95% CI,
0.19-21.71 in animal studies), or BIC (ES predictive interval from -3.84 to 5.13
in animal studies).
CONCLUSION: The current review indicated that there is no significant difference
in marginal bone resorption and implant failure rate between implants inserted
with high or low insertion torque values
Multiple Free Flap Reconstruction of a Complex Intraoral Defect after Squamous Cell Carcinoma Excision: A Case Report
Full text linkBackground: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent malignant cancer of the oral cavity. Metastasis involvement is one of the most relevant prognostic factors in terms of survival probability. Patients with oral cancers often undergo extensive en bloc resective surgery of the mandible and maxilla, with or without cervical nodal dissection, based on the presence or occult risk of regional metastases. Several factors affect the choice of flap, to recover aesthetics and function. Case Presentation: The case of a 60-year-old man who underwent maxillectomy with neck dissection as well as a reconstruction with a combination of multiple vascularized free flaps is presented. Conclusions: The excellent integration of the free flaps and the total absence of complications led to a high-quality aesthetic and functional performance of the reconstruction obtained through two different flaps. More specifically, the fibular free flap for bone reconstruction allows a two-team approach and maintains an excellent vascularization, even in case of several osteotomies for the maxillary reconstruction as reported. In addition, the use of free radial forearm flap for soft tissue reconstruction permits to obtain long caliber vessels, thus facilitating surgery without repositioning of the patient during surgery and therefore, consequently reducing surgery times
The Correlation between Oral Health and Air Pollution: A Systematic Review
Full text linkThis systematic review assessed to evaluate the potential correlation between oral health and air pollution. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first systematic review endeavoring to compare air pollution and oral health. A systematic search was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) statement and employed the PICO(S) approach (Patient or Population, Intervention, Control or Comparison, Outcome, and Study types). The search was limited to English-language articles, and publications within a 15-year timeframe were included in the electronic search. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases, spanning the years 2008 to 2023, resulting in a total of 4983 scientific articles. A final selection of 11 scientific papers was made based on their study type and the specific air pollutants examined. The selected papers analyzed various air pollutants associated with health-related diseases, including Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, Nitrogen Monoxide, Carbon Monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter. Three out of eleven of the reviewed studies assert a strong correlation between air pollutants and oral diseases, specifically periodontitis. However, the exact biological mechanisms underlying this correlation do not seem to be fully understood, indicating the need for further comprehensive investigation in this regard. Dentists can contribute to the collective effort by educating their patients about the oral health implications of air pollution, thereby supporting initiatives aimed at promoting environmental and health sustainability
Access to Dental Care-A Survey from Dentists, People with Disabilities and Caregivers
Full text linkThe literature highlights differences in the dental conditions of people with disabilities compared with the general population. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the dental health of people with disabilities in order to understand if their needs are met and to identify their most critical issues as per dentists. A paper and a Google Form platform were used in conducting a survey in Central Italy (the Abruzzo region), by performing an analysis on different points of view as reported by people with disabilities and dentists. The results showed that only 69.2% of dentists treat persons with disabilities. Of these, 73.5% treat less than 10 patients with physical disabilities per year. However, 54% of dentists do not treat people with cognitive impairment and a poor ability to collaborate during treatment. More than 80% of respondent dentists report that people with disabilities do not have good oral hygiene. On the other hand, 49.1% of people with disabilities (or their care-givers in cases where the patient was unable to answer) report that they rarely or never go to the dental office. Moreover, when they do go, it is mainly for emergencies. Despite this, respondents are well aware of their dental problems. However, they have difficulties in communicating their dental problems to their dentist. The 50% of dentists who treat people with cognitive impairment do not include them in follow-up, while only 20% of these patients reported being regularly recalled. This illustrates the importance of the implementation of follow-up. In addition, training courses could help clinicians to reduce this gap and create barrier-free dental offices
Mechanical pull-out test of a new hybrid fixture-abutment connection: an in vitro study
Full text linkImplant abutment connection was described among the main causes of peri-implant bone resorption. The aim of this in vitro study was to test the coupling capacity, the surface modification of a new hybrid connection and the influence of repeated connection activations caused during the main clinical and laboratory phases. A total of 40 implant-abutment screw retained systems with 10 degrees-conical and internal hexagon connection were tested. The connection was screwed, fixed to the universal test machine, removed the screw and a pull-out test was performed. Test was repeated five times in succession. Also Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to detect microscopically surface modification. Analysis of variance and Tukey tests were used for the statistical analysis. Pull-out test reveals a mean value of 131.35 +/- 16.52 Newton Centimeter (N center dot cm). For each single activation, results from first to fifth were: 113.9 +/- 13.02, 126.1 +/- 12.81, 138.11 +/- 15.15, 138.8 +/- 11.90 and 140 +/- 12.99 N center dot cm. A statistically significant difference between the measurements and an increase in the removal force was shown. The collected data supports the use of this new type of connection, resulting in a very strong interface between implant and abutment. Also, repeated activation of connection can promote a better coupling of the implant-abutment interface
Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Full text linkObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep breathing disorder that often remains undiagnosed and untreated. OSAS prevalence is increasing exponentially. Starting on the dentist’s role as an epidemiological and diagnostic “sentinel”, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of OSAS. The clinical diaries of 4659 patients were reviewed through a single-center retrospective analytic study. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Only 0.26% of patients reported to suffer from sleep apnea and were then diagnosed with OSAS. It was found that, out of 4487 patients, 678 suffered from hypertension (14.80%), 188 from gastro-esophageal-reflux-disease (GERD = 4.10%) and 484 from gastritis (10.78%). These results could be related to a difficult diagnosis of OSAS and to the absence of a dedicated section on sleep disorders in medical records. Therefore, the introduction of a question dedicated to sleep disorders, the administration of questionnaires (such as the STOP-BANG questionnaire) for early diagnosis, a multidisciplinary approach and pneumological examination could support the dentist in identifying patients at risk of OSAS
A Human Clinical, Histological, Histomorphometrical, and Radiographical Study on Biphasic HA-Beta-TCP 30/70 in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation
No full textBackground: By mixing hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics can be obtained, and by varying their ratio it is possible to tailor the characteristics of the biomaterial. Purpose: The aim of the present human study was to evaluate the histological and radiographical aspects of bone formation in maxillary sinus augmentation using a 30/70 HA-beta-TCP with a reticular structure. Materials and Methods: A total of 12 patients, undergoing two-stage sinus augmentation procedure using HA-beta-TCP at a ratio of 30/70, were included in the present study. After a 6-month healing period, during implant insertion, radiographical analysis was performed, and then the bone core biopsies were harvested and processed for histology. Results: At radiographic evaluation, the bone gain was on average 6.85±0.60mm. HA-beta-TCP 30/70 appeared to be lined by newly formed bone, with no gaps at the interface. The histomorphometric analysis revealed 26±2% of residual grafted biomaterial, 29±3% of newly formed bone, and 45±2% of marrow spaces. Conclusions: The present results indicate histologically the high biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of HA-beta-TCP 30/70, and clinically its successful use for sinus augmentation procedures
A TECHNIQUE FOR AN ACCELERATED RIGID SPLINTING OF MULTIPLE IMPLANTS FOR IMMEDIATE LOADING
No full textDifferent protocols have been developed in case of immediate loading for a full arch replacement. Several reports show that a syncrystallization - welded framework exhibits a more precise fit than a one-piece casting. The intra-olral syncrystallization welding technology can not only create a passive-fitting implant prosthesis, but also pre-fabricate implant components, including titanium bars and attachments, and can be syncrysallization-assembled directly on the master cast. This article describes a technique developed to fabricate an immediately loaded prosthesis using syncrysallization a new component for welding a passive-fitting implant prosthesis.The aim of this article was to describe a technique developed for an accelerated rigid splinting of multiple implants for same-day immediate loading with metal-reinforced provisional restorations using a technique of welding temporary implant abutments with a prefabricated titanium connection tab directly performed in the oral cavity. Between June 2009 and July 2011, immediate loading of threaded implants with a metal- reinforced acrylic resin provisional restoration at stage 1 surgery was evaluated in 22 consecutive patients. A total of 232 implants were placed in selected edentulous patients using the syncrystallization technique. All of the 232 rigidly temporized immediately loaded implants were osseointegrated. An implant success rate of 100% was achieved over a period of 6 months postplacement. No fracture or luting cement failure of the provisional restoration occurred during the observation time. The technique allows for a highly accurate, passively fitting prosthesis in only 6 hours with excellent patient satisfaction
Haemostasis control in dental extractions in patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy: an approach with Calcium Sulphate
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