13,124 research outputs found
An investigation into compassion, moral injury, burnout and psychological distress in first responders
No full textThe first chapter details a systematic review of studies that investigate the relationship between self-compassion (SC) and depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in first responders (FR). Searches were conducted using five databases: PsychINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review; four correlation-based studies and three intervention-based studies. A narrative synthesis indicated a potential relationship with higher SC being associated with lower symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTSD. Secondly, interventions incorporating SC can have positive effects in increasing SC and reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTSD in FR. Future research should employ higher methodological quality and robust randomised control trials in order to provide a better understanding of the relationship between SC and depression, anxiety and PTSD in FR, alongside understanding what interventions can and/or will be effective.The second chapter is an empirical paper exploring the relationship between psychological difficulties (PD), PTSD, alcohol use, the inhibitors of compassion and the facilitators of compassion on moral injury (MI) and burnout in police officers and firefighters in the United Kingdom (UK). A total of 125 participants completed online measures of MI, burnout, PD, PTSD, alcohol use, shame, fears of compassion, self-criticisms and self-reassurance and the three flows of compassion. Bivariate correlations and a hierarchal multiple regression revealed the relationships between the aforesaid variables, alongside whether these predicted MI amongst police officers and firefighters. Years in service, PD, burnout, shame, self-criticisms, fears of compassion and the three flows of compassion were all significantly associated with MI. PTSD, self-criticisms, SC and compassion from others (CfO) were all significantly associated with burnout. Compassion to others (CtO) and CfO significantly predicted MI after accounting for the aforementioned variables, with PD being revealed as the biggest predictor of MI, followed by years in service. The findings indicate strong relationships between MI, PD and the facets of compassion in UK police officers and firefighters. Results highlight the clinical importance of screening for MI, PD and the facets of compassion, alongside the consideration of using compassion-based treatments
An investigation into compassion, moral injury, burnout and psychological distress in first responders
No full textThe dataset is for the empirical paper of my doctoral thesis titled "An Investigation into Moral Injury, the Facets of Compassion, and Burnout in UK Police Officers and Firefighters". It is anonymous data collected from UK police officers and firefighters comprising of 9 questionnaires. </span
Evolution of cooperation among tumor cells
No full textThe evolution of cooperation has a well established theoretical framework based on game theory. This approach has made valuable contributions to a wide variety of disciplines, including political science, economics, and evolutionary biology. Existing cancer theory suggests that individual clones of cancer cells evolve independently from one another, acquiring all of the genetic traits or hallmarks necessary to form a malignant tumor. It is also now recognized that tumors are heterotypic, with cancer cells interacting with normal stromal cells within the issue microenvironment, including endothelial, stromal, and nerve cells. This tumor cell???stromal cell interaction in itself is a form of commensalism, because it has been demonstrated that these nonmalignant cells support and even enable tumor growth. Here, we add to this theory by regarding tumor cells as game players whose interactions help to determine their Darwinian fitness. We marshal evidence that tumor cells overcome certain host defenses by means of diffusible products. Our original contribution is to raise the possibility that two nearby cells can protect each other from a set of host defenses that neither could survive alone. Cooperation can evolve as byproduct mutualism among genetically diverse tumor cells. Our hypothesis supplements, but does not supplant, the traditional view of carcinogenesis in which one clonal population of cells develops all of the necessary genetic traits independently to form a tumor. Cooperation through the sharing of diffusible products raises new questions about tumorigenesis and has implications for understanding observed phenomena, designing new experiments, and developing new therapeutic approaches.Author manuscript. Published in final edited form as: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 September 5; 103(36): 13474-13479.The final published version of this article is located at: www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0606053103NIH U56 CA113004; to David E. AxelrodR.A. was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant SES-0240852. D.E.A. was supported by NSF Grant IIS-0312953, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant U56 CA113004, and New Jersey Commission on Cancer Research Grant 1076-CCR-SO. K.J.P. is an American Cancer Society Clinical Research Professor and is supported by NIH Grants CA69568, CA102872, and CA093900.NIH CA69568; to Kenneth J. PientaNIH CA102872; to Kenneth J. PientaNIH CA093900; to Kenneth J. PientaNSF SES-0240852; to Robert AxelrodNJ Commission on Cancer Research 1076-CCR-SO; to David E. AxelrodAlso available in PubMed Central. PMCID: PMC155738
Colon_Crypt_Model_041321.nlogo
No full textTitle: Colon_Crypt_Model_041321.nlogo
Research genre: Computer program
Creator: Axelrod, David E.
Date Created: 2021
Extent: 1 digital file (393 KB)
Intended Audience: Science
Description: Computer program that simulates and plots the dynamics of stem cells, transient amplifying cells, differentiated cells, and mutant cells in normal human colon crypts and early colon cancer. It has been calibrated with measurements of human biopsy specimens. Includes graphical user interface, detailed information text, and annotated code. Experiments can be run from the GUI without knowledge of coding, or from the Behavior Space Tool using example code or modified code. It has been used to simulate human colon cancer initiation, therapy, and prevention. Different chemotherapy or prevention intermittent dose schedules can be input. Chemotherapy of heterogeneous and drug resistant early colon cancers can be simulated. Circadian cell proliferation can be selected to investigate chronomodulated chemotherapy dose schedules. Simulated output can be saved in spreadsheet format, or as images of plots of cell numbers as function of time.
The model was developed in the application NetLogo version 5.3.1, and revisions made to also run in NetLogo version 6.2.0. The model will not run on the Web version of NetLogo. NetLogo is a multi-agent programmable modeling environment. It is authored by Uri Wilenski and developed at The Center for Connected Learning (CCL) and Computer-Based Modeling. It is multi-platform (Mac, Windows, or Linux) open source application.
NetLogo version 6.2.0, can be downloaded at http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/download.shtml. To download the computer program click on the red link “NLOGO" to the left.
Earlier versions of the model and its use have been described in the following publications: Theoret Biol Med Model. 2013;10:66-89. Cancer Chemother Pharmcol 2017;79:889-898. Converg Sci Phys Oncol 2017;3:035004. Cancer Inform 2019;18:1-8. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2020;4:514-520. A forthcoming publication will describe results of circadian-timed chemotherapy.
Research Domain: Science
Subjects: Chronotherapy: Circadian: Colorectal cancer: Chemotherapy: Agent-based model
Rights statement: The author owns the copyright to this work
State- and event-based refinement
No full textIn this paper we give simple example abstract data types, with atomic operations, that are related by data refinement under a definition used widely in the literature, but these abstract data types are not related by singleton failure refinement. This contradicts results found in the literature. Further we show that a common way to change a model of atomic operations to one of value passing operations actually changes the underlying atomic operational semantics
Disputatio philosophica de dependentia creaturae a Deo in esse, fieri, et operari
No full textquam auspice Deo , sub praesidio Dn. Ioh. Rod. Ottii ... amico examini subiicit David Holzhalbius author & respondens ...Diss. Hohe Schule Zürich, 169
- …
