1,272 research outputs found
Vaccination Against Lawsonia intracellularis Decreases Shedding of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in Co-Infected Pigs and Alters the Gut Microbiome
No full textDeposited here are fastq files of sequencing of the V1-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene from feces of each animal of the study from the time point of prior to infection (0 days post infection) to 49 days post infection. Descriptions of each sample are in the mapping file named “MappingFileSubmission.txt”. The sequences are in the file “FastqCoinfectionMicrobiome.tar.gz”.Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide and pork can serve a source of infection. In this study, we investigated if vaccinating pigs against Lawsonia intracellularis, a common pathogen of swine that has previously been shown to favor Salmonella enterica infection, confers protection against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. We investigated the underlying changes in the gut microbiome mediated by single S. Typhiumurium infection compared to co-infection with L. intracellularis as well as the effect of vaccination on the microbiome. In this study, a total of five treatment groups were used: 1) challenged with S. Typhimurium alone (Sal), 2) challenged with both S. Typhimurium and L. intracellularis (Sal Law), 3) challenged with S. Typhimurium and vaccinated against L. intracellularis (Sal Vac), 4) challenged with both S. Typhimurium and L. intracellularis and vaccinated against L. intracellularis (Sal Law Vac), and 5) non-infected control (Control).USDA-AFRI grant 1005423Leite, Fernando L L; Singer, Randall S; Ward, Tonya; Gebhart, Connie J; Isaacson, Richard E. (2017). Vaccination Against Lawsonia intracellularis Decreases Shedding of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in Co-Infected Pigs and Alters the Gut Microbiome. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://doi.org/10.13020/D60114
Spending and economic activity from recreation at Oregon State Park units - coastal region and Milo McIver State Park, an update
No full textEric M. White, Darren Goodding, and Randall S. Rosenberger.This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (page 25).Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Efficacy of antibiotic and non-antibiotic interventions in preventing and treating necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens: a protocol for a systematic review
No full textNecrotic enteritis is one of the most common and economically important bacterial diseases affecting the broiler industry. Limitations on the use of antimicrobials have highlighted the need to evaluate the efficacy of non-antibiotic alternatives and management strategies. However, the available evidence on the efficacy of non-antibiotic interventions for necrotic enteritis has not been systematically synthesized. Here we present a protocol to conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the efficacy of non-antibiotic interventions compared to antibiotic interventions in preventing and treating necrotic enteritis cases in broiler chickens.Bueno, Irene; Smith, Emily; Hwang, Haejin; Nault, Andre J.; Valeris-Chacin, Robert; Singer, Randall S.. (2020). Efficacy of antibiotic and non-antibiotic interventions in preventing and treating necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens: a protocol for a systematic review. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/216460
Schistura pantherina Page, Plongsesthee and Randall
No full textSchistura pantherina, Page, Plongsesthee and Randall (Figs. 1–3) Holotype. NIFI 4675, 60.2 mm SL; Thailand, Kanchanaburi Prov., Thong Pha Phum, Mae Khlong basin, Mae Nam Kwai Noi system, Kroeng Krawia, on Hwy 323 at km 32, near Prang Phe, 14º58'17"N, 98º38'24"E, 24 Apr. 2011, Rungthip Plongsesthee, F. William H. Beamish, Larry M. Page and Randal A. Singer. Paratypes. UF 184183, 26.7 –42.0 mm SL, Thailand, Kanchanaburi Prov., Thong Pha Phum, Mae Khlong basin, Mae Nam Kwai Noi system, Kroeng Krawia, on Hwy 323, 14º55'N, 98º40E, 22 Feb. 2012, Rungthip Plongsesthee and Raphael Lagarde. Diagnosis. Member of genus Schistura as defined by Kottelat (1990). Distinguished from all other species of Schistura by unique color pattern consisting of 11–16 black spots along mid-side, black spots on top of head and predorsal area continuing as a row of spots to the caudal base, and a short vertical black bar at the caudal-fin base. It is further distinguished from similar species by the following combination of characters: no black suborbital bar; lateral line extending almost to caudal fin; dorsal-fin rays iv, 8½; anal-fin rays iii, 5½; pectoral-fin rays i, 10; pelvic-fin rays i, 7; and caudal fin with 9 branched rays in upper half, 8 branched rays in lower half. Description. Body shape and color are shown in Figures 1–3. Morphometric data are in Table 1. Largest specimen is the holotype, 60.2 mm SL, 74.7 mm TL. Body long, slender, slightly deeper than wide. Body depth fairly uniform throughout, slightly deeper at dorsalfin origin than at caudal peduncle. Profile of snout and head pointed, more so in juveniles. Snout moderately pointed in dorsal view. Head depressed; eye oval, longer than high, near dorsal profile, directed dorsolaterally. Dorsal-fin origin above pelvic-fin origin. Pectoral fin reaches over half distance from pectoral-fin origin to pelvicfin origin. Pelvic fin reaches anus. Axillary pelvic lobe present. Anal fin not reaching caudal fin. Margins of dorsal and anal fins convex. Caudal fin emarginate. Small adipose crest on dorsal margin, none or very small crest on ventral margin, of caudal peduncle; dorsal crest more pronounced on juvenile. No suborbital flap; no apparent sexual dimorphism. Body scaled, except scales absent on venter anterior to pelvic fin. Scales embedded on anterior side of body, becoming less so near vertical from origin of dorsal fin. Scales embedded on venter between pelvic fins and anus. Scales on anterior part of body deeply embedded; lateral line complete nearly to caudal fin with about 115 scales and 90 pores on holotype; 82 scales around narrowest part of caudal peduncle on holotype. Dorsal-fin rays iv, 8½; anal-fin rays iii, 5½; pectoral-fin rays i, 10; pelvic-fin rays i, 7; caudal fin with 9 branched rays in upper half, 8 branched rays in lower half. Cephalic lateralis system (pores countable on two specimens) with 4 + 8 supraorbital pores, 8 infraorbital pores, 8–9 preoperculomandibular, and 3 supratemporal pores. Lips moderately thick, pleated, covered with unculi; upper lip with very small median incision; lower lip with median notch in small individuals, with median incision in larger individuals (Fig. 3). Processus dentiformis present. Inner rostral barbel almost reaching to corner of mouth; outer rostral barbel reaching horizontally to anterior edge of orbit. Maxillary barbel reaching horizontally to or slightly past posterior edge of orbit. Barbels covered with unculi. Anterior nostril at base of short flap. Coloration. In life (Fig. 2), Schistura pantherina has a row of 11–16 greenish-black spots or blotches along the side. In larger individuals, the first few and the last few are confluent, and all spots are overlain by a dusky silver-gray stripe. In smaller individuals, the stripe is darker and the spots are less obvious. The midlateral row of spots is followed by a medial to slightly submedial black basicaudal bar that spans approximately 6–11 rays. Greenish-black spots and vermiculations on top of the head and predorsal area continue as a row of spots to the caudal base. The predorsal area immediately in front of the dorsal fin and the first dorsal ray are tinged with red. The upper half of the head is yellow-green, the lower half is yellow-white. There is a diffuse preorbital bar but no black suborbital bar. The lower side of the body and venter are yellow-white and lack dark pigment. The dorsal fin has a sub-basal row of black spots, one on each ray, followed distally by a clear area that is deeper at the front of the fin than at the rear, then by two more rows of smaller black spots along the rays. The distal one-fourth of the fin is clear. The caudal fin has a red tinge along the upper- and lower-most rays and two faint bars formed by rows of small brown to black spots. The pectoral and pelvic fins are suffused with red and yellow; the anal fin is clear. The smallest individuals examined (32.1–38.2 mm SL) have the pattern of the largest individual except the midlateral black stripe is more pronounced, the dorsal and lateral blotches are smaller and lighter in color, and the fins lack the red and yellow pigments. In preserved specimens, the greenish aspect of the black spots and blotches, and the red and yellow pigments on the fins are absent. The dark spots, especially those on the dorsum are more brown than black. Etymology. The name, pantherina, Latin adjective meaning 'like a panther,' is in reference to the spotted pattern on the dorsum and sides of some members of the felid genus Panthera. Distribution and ecological notes. Schistura pantherina is known only from the Kroeng Krawia, Kwai Noi, Mae Khlong basin, in the Thong Pha Phum District of Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand (Fig. 4). Specimens were captured in flowing water in shallow rubble and gravel riffles (Fig. 5). This is the second species of Schistura that appears to be endemic to this basin, the other being S. tenebrosa (Kangrang et al. 2012).Published as part of Page, Lawrence M., Plongsesthee, Rungthip, Beamish, F. William H., Kangrang, Punnatut, Randall, Zachary S., Singer, Randal A. & Martin, Zachary P., 2012, Schistura (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) in the Mae Khlong basin in southwestern Thailand with description of a new species, pp. 319-328 in Zootaxa 3586 on pages 320-32
If Only They Could Read between the Lines: Alice Randall and the Integration of Country Music
No full text"She's got her God and she's got good wine, Aretha Franklin and Patsy Cline," sings Trisha Yearwood in her top-selling 1994 single "xxxs and ooos (an American Girl)." Cowritten by Matraca Berg, a Nashville singer-songwriter, and Alice Randall, an African American Harvard graduate, it is one of the first songs written by an African American woman to top the country charts. Randall takes special pride in the "moment of integration" created by naming Franklin and Cline, and such juxtapositions energize nearly all of her writing.1 Unlike Donna Summer, with her wondrous number 1 hit, Dolly Parton's 1980 "Starting Over Again," Randall has maintained a presence in country music for nearly twenty years, integrating songwriting teams by creating lyrics with many notable writers, including Steve Earle, Matraca Berg, and Marcus Hummons.l She has also shaped the visual and intellectual presentation of contemporary country music. She cowrote two of the songs included in Peter Bogdanovich's 1993 film about aspiring Nashville songwriters, The Thing Called Love. She worked as a screenwriter on the high-profile video Is There Life Out There for Reba McEntire and the made-for-Tv movie xxx's and ooo 's, set in Nashville. Both works were inspired by the complex lives of the American women described in the songs to which the titles refer. The author of My Country Roots: The Ultimate MP3 Guide to America's Original Outsider Music (2oo6, with Carter and Courtney Little), Randall has an encyclopedic knowledge of country songs; My Country Roots features one hundred playlists.This is a book chapter from Hidden in the Mix:The African American Presence in Country Music (2013): 263.</p
Systematic review protocol of the efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics in reducing the colonization and shedding of Campylobacter and Salmonella in broilers and turkeys
No full textUse of prebiotics and probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics is increasing in poultry 16 production. However, there is still uncertainty about their efficacy in controlling the spread of 17 human pathogens in poultry. This paper describes the protocol for a systematic review assessing18 the efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics in reducing the colonization and shedding of 19 Campylobacter and Salmonella in broiler chickens and turkeys. The objective of this protocol is 20 to document the methodology that will be used for the systematic review a priori.Valeris-Chacin, Robert; Nault, Andre J.; Hwang, Haejin; Weber, Bonnie; Bueno, Irene; Johnson, Timothy J.; Pieters, Maria; Singer, Randall S.. (2020). Systematic review protocol of the efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics in reducing the colonization and shedding of Campylobacter and Salmonella in broilers and turkeys. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/216459
Apterichtus australis McCosker & Randall, 2005, sp. nov.
No full textApterichtus australis sp. nov. (Pl. 1a; Figs. 1-2; Tables 1-2) Apterichtus flavicaudus (non Snyder): Randall et al. 1990:7. Holotype: BPBM 12306, 395 mm total length, sex undetermined, Rapa, off Hiri Bay (27°36'S, 144°18'W), depth 30 m, captured over coarse sand adjacent to a reef using rotenone by J.E. Randall and D. Cannoy, 10 February 1971. Paratypes: BPBM 39455, 3(297-400 mm); CAS 219463, 358 mm; and USNM 376606, 327.5 mm; collected with the holotype. BPBM 11842, 351 mm, Pitcairn Island, 2 km northwest of Pitcairn Island, depth 88-100 m, dredge, D. M. Devaney, 19 October 1967. BPBM 16896, 2(294-382 mm), Pitcairn Island, depth 40-45 m, patch reef and adjacent sand, rotenone, J. E. Randall et al., 6 January 1971. BPBM 16506, 2(137-326 mm), Oeno Island, Pitcairn Group, north side of atoll, depth 12-18 m, reef and adjacent sand including a cave, rotenone, J. E. Randall et al, 18 December 1970. ZMUC P32853, 291.5 mm, Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands (29°13'S, 177°57'W), depth 75-85 m, dredge, Galathea Expedition Sta. no. 674, 3 March 1952. BPBM 30548, 2(245-371 mm), Easter Island, off east end of Anakena, depth 20 m, sand and isolated rock with coral, collected by J.E. Randall and L.H. DiSalvo, 14 February 1985. Diagnosis. An elongate, finless species of sphagebranchin ophichthine (sensu McCosker 1977) with: tail 45-57% and head 5-5.5% of total length; 3 preopercular pores and 3 pores in supratemporal canal; teeth conical, uniserial on jaws and vomer; body mostly pale in preservative, creamy dorsally and reddish-brown ventrally with light and dark head markings in life; and mean vertebral formula 82-164, total vertebrae 162-167. Counts and Measurements of Holotype (in mm). Total length 395; head 19.9; trunk 195.1; tail 180; body depth at gill openings 5.4; body width at gill openings 4.7; body depth at anus 4.5; body width at anus 4.5; snout 4.0; tip of snout to rictus 7.0; eye diameter 1.2; interorbital distance 2.0; gill opening length 1.9; isthmus width 0.9. Vertebral formula 85-164. Lateral-line pores 164, 6 in branchial region, 87 pores before the anus. Description of the Holotype. Body elongate, nearly cylindrical throughout, snout and tail tip pointed (Pl. 1a), depth at gill openings 71 in TL. Branchial basket slightly wider and deeper than body. Head and trunk 1.8 in TL; head 20 in TL, 9.8 in trunk. Snout pointed, its underside somewhat rounded and bisected by a groove (Figs. 1-2). Lower jaw included, its tip slightly in advance of eye; upper and lower lips meet when mouth is closed. Mouth moderately elongate. Rictus well behind rear margin of eye. An obvious crease extends posteriorly in upper lip from beneath eye to rictus. Eye moderately developed, 6 in upper jaw and 17 in head, its center above middle of upper jaw. Anterior nostril within an elongate tube, approximately 1/2 the diameter of the eye, its base about midsnout and anterolaterally directed when viewed from above. Posterior nostril opens in outer lip beneath anterior margin of eye. Branchial openings low, ventral; branchial region modestly expanded, creating a bulbous region in posterior half of head. Head pores (Fig. 1) conspicuous. Single median interorbital and temporal pores. Supraorbital pores 1 + 4, infraorbital pores 5 + 2, supratemporal pores 3, lower jaw pores 4, preopercular pores 3. (The head pores of the 12 paratypes are identical to those of the holotype, save 1 aberrant specimen which has 6 rather than 3 temporal pores.) 164 lateralline pores, 6 above branchial region, 87 before anus. Teeth (Fig. 2) uniserial, small, conical and slightly recurved. Intermaxillary with a chevron of 5 teeth (the largest in the jaw), followed by a short gap and a linear row of 5 small vomerine teeth. Jaw teeth nearly subequal, small, 9-10 teeth in each side of upper jaw and 9-10 teeth in each side of lower jaw. Body mostly colorless in isopropanol. Notes made by the junior author at the time of capture describe fresh specimens from Rapa and Pitcairn as being creamy white dorsally and reddish brown ventrally, with an irregular broad pale band running diagonally up and behind the eye from the corner of the mouth to a light reddish brown band behind it, and the anterior lateral-line pores are reddish. The body of the larger Easter Island specimen (Pl. 1a) is similarly colored, however it differs in that its head markings are markedly white, rather than pale, as is the condition of Rapa and Pitcairn specimens. Size. The largest specimen examined is 400 mm, sex undetermined. Etymology. Named australis in recognition of this species' distribution. Distribution. Known from the south Pacific island groups of Rapa, Pitcairn, Easter and the Kermadecs. It was captured over sand with associated rock and coral reef bottoms using ichthyocides and dredges between 12-100 m depth. Remarks. The new species differs from all of its known congeners in a combination of characters (see Table 2). In that species of Apterichtus are finless and typically pale in preservative, the most suitable characters for differentiation are vertebral numbers, cephalic pore number and location (particularly the preopercular and supratemporal series), and dentition. Apterichtus australis is most closely related to A. flavicaudus (Snyder 1904) (Pl. 1b), currently known from the Hawaiian Archipelago, Midway Island, southeastern Australia, and the Seychelles. Apterichtus flavicaudus occupies similar habitats and has been caught between 7 m and 293 m depth using rotenone and trawls, and has been captured at the surface beneath nightlights. They differ in their preanal vertebral number (A. flavicaudus 73-80; A. australis 79-85), total vertebral number (A. flavicaudus 154-166, MVF=78-158, n=17; A. australis 162-167, MVF=82-164, n=14), and dentition. Apterichtus australis has 5-6 vomerine teeth whereas A. flavicaudus has 1-2. All other described species of Apterichtus have fewer vertebrae, and several differ in the number and pattern of their cephalic pores. Undescribed species of Apterichtus exist in the eastern Pacific, Fiji and Vanuatu, the Marquesas, and Flores Island (McCosker, in preparation); however, they all have fewer vertebrae and differ in their cephalic pore conditions. Apterichtus keramanus Machida et al. (1997), described from a single Japanese specimen, has fewer vertebrae(122) and more numerous cephalic pores, and is probably not within Apterichtus.Published as part of John E. McCosker & John E. Randall, 2005, Notes on the snake eels of the genera Apterichtus and Ichthyapus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) of the Central and South Pacific, with the description of a new species., pp. 1-11 in Zootaxa 800 on pages 2-
Virginia Woolf in Context
No full textAs a paradigmatic modernist author, Virginia Woolf is celebrated for the ways her fiction illuminates modern and contemporary life. Woolf scholars have long debated how context – whether historical, cultural, or theoretical – is to be understood in relation to her work, and how her work produces new insights into context. Drawing on an international field of leading and emergent specialists, this collection provides an authoritative resource for contemporary Woolf scholarship that explores the distinct and overlapping dimensions of her writings. Rather than survey existing scholarship, these essays extend Woolf studies in new directions by examining how the author is contextualised today. The collection also highlights connections between Woolf and key cultural, political, and historical issues of the twentieth century such as avant-gardism in music and art, developments in journalism and the publishing industry, political struggles over race, gender, and class, and the bearings of colonialism, empire, and war. A valuable critical touchstone for researchers, the volume will also complement graduate scholarship in English literature, literary theory, context studies, and modernism and postcolonial studies
Erratum to: A survey of hot subdwarf pulsators in ω Cen
No full textErratum for: "The name of the first author should be S. K. Randall"
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Folder 23: Carthage
No full textPhotograph of actor and country singer Tex Ritter holding a guitar and posing for his portrait to be taken wearing western clothing and a 10-gallon hat
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