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Sakhalinencyrtus leleji Simutnik gen. et sp. nov. of earliest Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) from Sakhalinian amber
No full textAnother earliest representative of the family Encyrtidae, Sakhalinencyrtus leleji Simutnik gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on a male specimen from the middle Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Similarly to other Encyrtidae from Sakhalinian amber, the new fossil fundamentally differs from encyrtids from late Eocene European ambers as well as from modern ones. Moreover, it probably belongs to a stem group of the family. The new genus is characterized by extremely apical position of cerci, long veins of the forewing with expanded parastigma, stigmal vein with long uncus, and absence of filum spinosum. The forewing venation of the new genus is very similar to that of Sugonjaevia Simutnik, 2015, but these genera differ by the structure of Mt8, hypopygium, genitalia, and clava
Electroanellus Simutnik 2023, gen. nov.
No full text<i>Electroanellus</i> Simutnik, gen. nov. <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4EF1874A-90E0-488F-8714-079053D39556</p> <p>Figs 1–4</p> <p> <b>Type species.</b> <i>Electroanellus belokobylskiji</i> Simutnik, <b>sp. nov</b>., by present designation.</p> <p> <b>Species composition.</b> Monotypic.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The name is a combination of “electrum” (Latin: <i>electrum</i> = amber) and “anellus”. The presence of an anellus between the pedicel and the first segment of the funicle is the main difference between the new genus and most extant encyrtid taxa, as well as all described fossil species. The genus name is a masculine noun.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis. Male.</b> Body not flattened, compact; antennae clavate, short, with distinct anellus between pedicel and F1 (Figs 1A, 2B–D), F1 broader than long, all funicle segments not longer than broad; flagellum not flattened; clava with distinct, differentiated sensory region (apical micropilose area); setae of pubescence of antenna shorter than diameter of apical funicular segments (Fig. 2C), whorls of long setae absent; pedicel long and conical; scape very long, only slightly shorter than funicle; antennal scrobes sharply margined; interantennal prominence dorsally rounded (in contrast to extant <i>Mucrencyrtus</i> Noyes, 1980) not narrowed to acute point; notaular lines absent but there are large flowing depressions on mesoscutum anteriorly (Fig. 3A: dm); scutellum convex; marginal vein about as long as broad, 2× as broad as postmarginal vein, with small darkened area underneath; postmarginal vein very long, slightly longer than stigmal vein; mandible apparently either 3-dentate or with 2 teeth and truncation of upper tooth (Figs 2A, B); filum spinosum absent; covering setae of linea calva poorly developed; cerci advanced.</p> <p> <b>Female</b>. Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Tentative placement of <i>Electroanellus</i> in Tetracneminae is supported by the absence of filum spinosum of the linea calva.</p> <p> The clavate antennae are present in the males of several extant genera of Encyrtinae: <i>Bothriothorax</i> Ratzeburg, 1844, <i>Copidosoma</i> Ratzeburg, 1844, <i>Aschitus</i> Mercet, 1921, <i>Homalotyloidea</i> Mercet, 1921, <i>Aphycus</i> Mayr, 1876, <i>Metaphycus</i> Mercet, 1917, <i>Pseudococcobius</i> Timberlake, 1916, <i>Microterys</i> Thomson, 1875, and some others. But the males of extant Tetracneminae, as well as of the majority of extant Encyrtinae, usually have long, filiform antennae, with a long pubescence, short scape, and hemispherical, not conical, pedicel (Trjapitzin 1989). Anelli between the pedicel and F1 very rarely occur in extant Encyrtidae and when present can usually be seen only at high magnification (e.g., in <i>Oriencyrtus</i> Sugonjaev & Trjapitzin, 1974). Anelli are not taken into account when counting funicle segments within this family (Trjapitzin 1989). The new genus has one distinct anellus, and it further differs from all known Eocene Encyrtidae by its relatively short and wide marginal vein that is as long as broad.</p> <p> <i>Electroanellus</i> is considered unplaced within Tetracneminae.</p>Published as part of <i>Simutnik, Serguei A. & Perkovsky, Evgeny E., 2023, Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus, pp. 437-445 in Zootaxa 5369 (3)</i> on page 438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.3.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10150249">http://zenodo.org/record/10150249</a>
Protaphycus shuvalikovi Simutnik gen. et sp. nov. (Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae, Encyrtinae) from Rovno amber
No full textProtaphycus shuvalikovi Simutnik gen. et sp. nov., the smallest fossil Encyrtidae, is described and illustrated based on female specimen from late Eocene Rovno amber. Like most previously described Eocene Encyrtidae, the new taxon differs from the majority of extant encyrtids by the subapical position of the cerci, the relatively long marginal vein of the forewing, a distinctly swollen but not triangular parastigma, and a seta marking the apex of the postmarginal vein is not any longer than others on this vein. The new genus is characterized by the presence of a filum spinosum and the hypopygium reaching way past the apex of syntergum. This combination of the character states is known only in a few representatives of extant Encyrtinae. The new genus, probably, most closely related to the extant genus Aphycus Mayr, 1876
5.07.019: Christmas by Serguei Tchepournov, 1999
No full textCD case insert for Serguei Tchepournov's Christmas, 1999
FIGURE 3 in Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus
No full textFIGURE 3. Electroanellus belokobylskiji, holotype male: A body, dorsal view (dm—depression on mesoscutum) B wings. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B).Published as part of <i>Simutnik, Serguei A. & Perkovsky, Evgeny E., 2023, Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus, pp. 437-445 in Zootaxa 5369 (3)</i> on page 441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.3.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10150249">http://zenodo.org/record/10150249</a>
Electronoyesella antiqua Simutnik, gen. et sp. nov. (Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae) from Rovno amber
No full textElectronoyesella antiqua Simutnik, gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on a female specimen from late Eocene Rovno amber. Like most previously described Eocene Encyrtidae, the new taxon differs from the majority of extant ones in a number of features. Sclerotised metasomal structures, similar to the paratergites of extant Tetracneminae, are seen here for the first time in fossils. The new genus is characterized also by the frontovertex with four vertical rows of piliferous punctures and the face also with intricate sculpture; notauli are present as small but distinct depressions, only anteriorly; the apex of metatibia with a peg originating from a round, deep pit; and the unusual setation of the hind wing
FIGURE 2 in Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus
No full textFIGURE 2. Electroanellus belokobylskiji, holotype male: A, B head, antennae, mandible, anterolateral view C left antenna D head, mesosoma, dorsolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A–C); 0.2 mm (D).Published as part of <i>Simutnik, Serguei A. & Perkovsky, Evgeny E., 2023, Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus, pp. 437-445 in Zootaxa 5369 (3)</i> on page 440, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.3.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10150249">http://zenodo.org/record/10150249</a>
First record of the Sulia glaesaria Simutnik, 2015 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae) from Rovno amber
No full textSulia glaesaria Simutnik, 2015 (Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae), originally described from late Eocene Danish amber, is reported in coeval Rovno amber. A revised diagnosis of this genus is provided based on the new specimen and high-resolution photomicrographs of the holotype. Some character states, such as a short radicle, clypeus with long lateral margins, the presence of a strigil and basitarsal comb, spur vein of the hind wing, costal cell of hind wing along entire marginal vein with single line of long setae, and almost vertical syntergum with abruptly reflexed extension apically are reported in this species for the first time
FIGURE 1. Electroanellus belokobylskiji, holotype male A in Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus
No full textFIGURE 1. Electroanellus belokobylskiji, holotype male A body, dorsolateral view (anl—anellus, cer—cercus), B body, ventrolateral view (dig—digitus, cers—cercal setae).Published as part of <i>Simutnik, Serguei A. & Perkovsky, Evgeny E., 2023, Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus, pp. 437-445 in Zootaxa 5369 (3)</i> on page 439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.3.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10150249">http://zenodo.org/record/10150249</a>
FIGURE 4 in Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus
No full textFIGURE 4. Electroanellus belokobylskiji, holotype male: apex of gaster, ventral view (ab—air bubble, adg—aedeagus, cers— cercal setae, dig—digitus, phl—phallobase). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.Published as part of <i>Simutnik, Serguei A. & Perkovsky, Evgeny E., 2023, Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus, pp. 437-445 in Zootaxa 5369 (3)</i> on page 442, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.3.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10150249">http://zenodo.org/record/10150249</a>
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