3,108 research outputs found

    GREAT PLAINS RESEARCH, 23-2 Fall 2013, Editorial Matter

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    Masthead Contents Volume Introduction, by Richard Edwards & Peter Longo Instructions to author

    Global distributed evolution of L-systems fractals

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    Internet based parallel genetic programming (GP) creates fractal patterns like Koch’s snow flake. Pfeiffer, http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/W.Langdon/pfeiffer.html, by analogy with seed/embryo development, uses Lindenmayer grammars and LOGO style turtle graphics written in Javascript and Perl. 298 novel pictures were produced. Images are placed in animated snow globes (computerised snowstorms) by www web browsers anywhere on the planet. We discuss artificial life (Alife) evolving autonomous agents and virtual creatures in higher dimensions from a free format representation in the context of neutral networks, gene duplication and the evolution of higher order genetic operators

    Zechariah 9-14 as the substructure of 1 Peter’s eschatological program

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    The principal aim of this study is to discern what has shaped the author of 1 Peter to regard Christian suffering as a necessary (1.6) and to-be-expected (4.12) component of faithful allegiance to Jesus Christ. Most research regarding suffering in 1 Peter has limited the scope of inquiry to two particular aspects—its cause and nature, and the strategies that the author of 1 Peter employs in order to enable his addressees to respond in faithfulness. There remains, however, the need for a comprehensive explanation for the source that has generated 1 Peter’s theology of Christian suffering. If Jesus truly is the Christ, God’s chosen redemptive agent who has come to restore God’s people, then how can it be that Christian suffering is a necessary part of discipleship after his coming, death and resurrection? What led the author of 1 Peter to such a startling conclusion, which seems to runs against the grain of the eschatological hopes and expectations of Jewish restoration ideology? This thesis analyzes the appropriation of shepherd and fiery trials imagery, and argues that the author of 1 Peter is dependent upon Zechariah 9-14 for his theology of Christian suffering. Said in another way, the eschatological program of Zechariah 9-14, read through the lens of the Gospel, functions as the substructure for 1 Peter’s eschatology and thus its theology of Christian suffering. In support of this hypothesis, this study highlights the fact that Zechariah 9- 14 was available and appropriated in early Christianity, in particular in the Passion Narrative tradition; that the shepherd imagery of 1 Pet 2.25 is best understood within the milieu of the Passion Narrative tradition, and that it alludes to the eschatological program of Zechariah 9-14; that the fiery trials imagery found in 1 Peter 1.6-7 and 1 Pet 4.12 is distinct from that which we find in Greco-Roman and OT wisdom sources, and that it shares exclusive parallels with some unique features of the eschatological program of Zechariah 9-14; that Zechariah 9-14 offers a more satisfying explanation for the modification of Isa 11.2 in 1 Pet 4.14, the transition from 4.12-19 to 5.1-4, why Peter has oriented his letter with the term διασπορά, and why he has described his addresses as οἶκος τοῦ θεοῦ; and finally that 1 Peter contains an implicit foundational narrative that shares distinct parallels with the eschatological program of Zechariah 9-14. We can conclude that 1 Peter offers a unique vista into the way in which at least one early Christian witness came to understand and to communicate the fact that Christian suffering was a necessary feature of faithful allegiance to Jesus Christ

    Richard Bernard and His Publics: A Puritan Minister as Author

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    Drawing upon approaches from history, literature, and religious studies, this dissertation enhances our understanding of the confluence of religion, print, politics, and society during a key transitional period in European history. In particular, it uses the case study of "author-minister" Richard Bernard to examine the relationship between print authorship and parish ministry in early seventeenth century England. Although it is well known that many early modern ministers became authors through the publication of sermons, few scholars have considered the more active role that some ministers took in producing works specifically designed for a print medium. Because preaching, teaching and other professional activities could easily fill the entirety of a minister’s time, it is important to consider the reasons these author-ministers chose to pursue publication and the goals that they had for their works. The dissertation demonstrates that authorship could become an integral part of the clerical vocation as author-ministers intentionally targeted different audiences through a variety of genres in order to further England’s reformation and religious unification within their own parishes and beyond. The dissertation is centered upon the career of Bernard, whose life and work are ideally positioned to highlight many aspects of early Stuart parish and print ministry. In his works, the connection between pastoral ministry and print is particularly strong. For instance, one can often pinpoint specific events that influenced not only the timing but also the content of publications. In addition, Bernard was particularly explicit, both in his private correspondence and in print, about his goals as an author, his imagined audience, and his purposes for seeking publication. By placing his print works alongside records from his ministry, it is possible to reconstruct ways that Bernard’s pastoral vocation and authorial work mutually influenced one another, as well as how he conceived of these dual roles

    <i>In Situ</i> Ion Implantation for Quantitative SIMS Analysis

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    ABSTRACTThe primary ion column of a secondary ion mass spectrometer (Cameca IMS 3f) has been used as an ion implanter to prepare calibrated standards, In situ for quantitative SIMS analysis, with an accuracy better than 10%. The technique has been used to determine oxygen concentrations in contaminated TiSi2 films by implanting a reference level of 18O into a portion of the film.</jats:p

    Emerging Financial Markets and Early U.S. Growth

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    Studies of early U.S. growth traditionally have emphasized real-sector explanations for an acceleration that by many accounts became detectable between 1815 and 1840. Interestingly, the establishment of the nation's basic financial structure predated by three decades the canals, railroads, and widespread use of water and steam-powered machinery that are thought to have triggered modernization. We argue that this innovative and expanding financial system, by providing debt and equity financing to businesses and governments as new technologies emerged, was central to the nation's early growth and modernization. The analysis includes a set of multivariate time series models that relate measures of banking and equity market activity to measures of investment, imports and business incorporations from 1790 to 1850. The findings offer support for our hypothesis of "finance-led" growth in the U.S. case. By implication, the interest today in improving financial systems as a means of fostering sustainable growth is not misplaced.

    Influences of host community characteristics on Borrelia burgdorferi infection prevalence in Blacklegged ticks

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    Lyme disease is a major vector-borne bacterial disease in the USA. The disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, and transmitted among hosts and humans, primarily by blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis). The ~25 B. burgdorferi genotypes, based on genotypic variation of their outer surface protein C (ospC), can be phenotypically separated as strains that primarily cause human diseases – human invasive strains (HIS) – or those that rarely do – and are non-randomly associated with host species. The goal of this study was to examine the extent to which phenotypic outcomes of B. burgdorferi could be explained by the host communities fed upon by blacklegged ticks. In 2006 and 2009, we determined the host community composition based on abundance estimates of the vertebrate hosts, and collected host-seeking nymphal ticks in 2007 and 2010 to determine the ospC genotypes within infected ticks. We regressed instances of B. burgdorferi phenotypes on site-specific characteristics of host communities by constructing Bayesian hierarchical models that properly handled missing data. The models provided quantitative support for the relevance of host composition on Lyme disease risk pertaining to B. burgdorferi prevalence (i.e., overall nymphal infection prevalence, or NIPAll) and HIS prevalence among the infected ticks (NIPHIS). In 2006, we found positive associations of the relative abundances of mice, of chipmunks, and of shrews with NIPAll. We also found positive associations of NIPHIS with shrews, and with host community diversity (H’), but negative associations with mice, and with chipmunks. In 2009, the relative abundance of mice showed a positive association with NIPAll, whereas the relative abundance of shrews and of H’ showed a negative association. With NIPHIS, only H’ showed a positive association, whereas the relative abundances of mice, of chipmunks, and of shrews, had negative associations. Our study highlights the variability between two years in the effects of host composition on B. burgdorferi genotypes. More importantly, our results highlight how disease risk inference, based on the role of host community, changes when we examine risk overall or at the phenotypic level. Long-term studies will be necessary to detect any consistent effects of host community composition on genotypic variation in the Lyme disease spirochetes

    Emerging Financial Markets and Early U.S. Growth

    No full text
    Studies of early U.S. growth traditionally have emphasized real-sector explanations for an acceleration that by many accounts became detectable between 1815 and 1840. Interestingly, the establishment of the nation's basic financial structure predated by three decades the canals, railroads, and widespread use of water and steam-powered machinery that are thought to have triggered modernization. We argue that this innovative and expanding financial system, by providing debt and equity financing to businesses and governments as new technologies emerged, was central to the nation's early growth and modernization. The analysis includes a set of multivariate time series models that relate measures of banking and equity market activity to measures of investment, imports and business incorporations from 1790 to 1850. The findings offer support for our hypothesis of finance-led' growth in the U.S. case. By implication, the interest today in improving financial systems as a means of fostering sustainable growth is not misplaced.

    Correspondence confirming a letter of credit

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    A letter sent to Caverly sharing that the author had secured a letter of credit in favor of Caverly's nephew, Richard Arell. The author details the route the money will take to Arell and that he trusts Arell will receive the cash very soon
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