167 research outputs found
Edge Asymmetries in Phonology and Morphology
No full textMany phonological and morphological phenomena affect only the left edge of a constituent, but never the right. We argue that such edge bias is due to a formal limitation on constraints: reference to the right edge is not possible. Cases of apparent right-edge reference are due to other factors that happen to approximate right-edgeness. We discuss edge asymmetries in morphological concatenation (prefixing), footing, larger prosodic inventories at the right edge, apparent right-edge preservation, and opacity.The definitive version of this paper was published in Proceedings of the North East Linguistic Society 30 (NELS 30) and is available at glsa.hypermart.netBye, P., & de Lacy, P. (2000). Edge asymmetries in phonology and morphology,. In J. Kim, & M. Hirotani (Eds.) Proceedings of NELS 30. (pp. 121-135). Amherst, MA:
GLSA Publications.Paul de Lacy's work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant SBR-9420424
Hyperfine splitting of [Al VI] 3.66 mu m and the Al isotopic ratio in NGC 6302
No full textThe core of planetary nebula NGC 6302 is filled with high-excitation photoionized gas at low expansion velocities. It represents a unique astrophysical situation in which to search for hyperfine structure (HFS) in coronal emission lines from highly ionized species. HFS is otherwise blended by thermal or velocity broadening. Spectra containing [Al vr] 3.66 mu m P-3(2) <- P-3(1), obtained with Phoenix on Gemini South at resolving powers of up to 75000, resolve the line into five hyperfine components separated by 20-60 km s(-1) as a result of the coupling of the I = 5/2 nuclear spin of Al-27 with the total electronic angular momentum J. The isotope Al-26 has a different nuclear spin of I = 5, and a different HFS, which allows us to place a 3 sigma upper limit on the Al-26/Al-27 abundance ratio of 1/33. We measure the HFS magnetic dipole coupling constants for [Al vr], and provide the first estimates of the electric quadrupole HFS coupling constants obtained through astronomical observations of an atomic transition
Management Production Systems and Timing Strategies for Cull Cows
No full textReplaced with revised version of paper 06/04/09.Cattle, cull cows, management, marketing, production systems, timing, Farm Management, Marketing,
A Method for Evaluating Access Management on Major Arterial Crossroads in the Vicinity of Interchanges
No full textAccess management is a complex field of study that is centered on balancing the needs for access and mobility in order to create a safe and efficient transportation system. While extensive research has been conducted on the topic, the research has typically focused on isolated relationships between a single access management strategy and a single performance measure. Although this information is useful, the isolated relationships make it difficult to ascertain the cumulative effects of a corridor-wide access management project. Consequently, large scale access management decisions are often based on subjective assessments and the engineering judgment of the practitioner. There is a clear need for a consistent, objective, and quantifiable means of evaluating access management impacts and performance on a corridor level.
This dissertation presents a quantitative method for evaluating an access management project based on a variety of factors including operations, safety, impacts to adjacent land uses, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit facilities. The author developed the Access Management Assessment Tool (AMAT) using a combination of field data, microsimulation analyses, safety investigations, a survey of access management professionals, and findings from previous research efforts.
The final product of this dissertation research is a practice-ready methodology that will allow practitioners to quantitatively and objectively determine a corridor���s Access Management Rating (AMR) based upon site characteristics. While the AMAT retains enough flexibility that it can be tailored to a specific agency���s needs, it eliminates the subjective component of the decision making process such that the access management rating for a given corridor is not influenced by the person making the assessment. Use of the AMAT will improve the consistency in which access management decisions are made within the transportation profession. It will also allow for a more efficient use of transportation funds as the corridors most needing access management improvements will be accurately identified
Post-Crash Fire Forensic Analysis of Aerospace Composites
No full textThe primary goal of this thesis is to investigate the effects of fire exposure on thermal damage development in mechanically-failed graphite-epoxy composites. Vertical and horizontal fire tests were performed on mechanically-failed unnotched compression, short beam strength, and in-plane shear Cytec Cycom 5215 T40-800 graphite-epoxy specimens. In addition, a single cone calorimetry test was performed on a compression-after-impact specimen. Fire damage included melt dripping, matrix decomposition, char, soot, matrix cracking, delamination, and residual thickness increases due to explosive outgassing. Visual inspection and scanning electron microscopy of burned specimens showed that the specimen lay-up, specimen orientation relative to the heat source, and fracture surface morphology all had a significant influence on composite thermal degradation.
Thermal damage due to heat conduction, combustion, and/or thermal deformation was highly dependent on the ply orientation relative to the flame. Plies with fibers oriented parallel to the heat-exposed surface acted like a thermal protection layer that impeded (slowed) heat transfer to the interior of the specimen and promoted convection of hot gasses that bypassed the specimen. In contrast, plies with fibers oriented perpendicular to the heat-exposed surface (i.e., burned parallel to the fibers) conducted heat into the interior of the composite, resulting in melt dripping, internal pockets of matrix decomposition, and surface char deposition that, in some cases, completely obscured salient aspects of fiber fracture surface morphology. Thermal damage development in mechanically-failed laminates can be compounded by the presence of different ply groupings in a given stack-up, as well as the total available free surface area. Burned specimens with more free surface area sustained far more thermal degradation for a given fire exposure. Exposed fiber bundles were susceptible to severe thinning and thermal oxidation which destroyed key fractographic features.
To the author���s knowledge, this research is the first to investigate i) the effects of fire exposure on mechanically-failed continuous graphite fiber-epoxy laminates, and ii) the influence of specimen lay-up, orientation, and fracture surface morphology on different thermal degradation mechanisms in aerospace composites. This research represents an important first step in the development of a coherent strategy for Federal Aviation Administration post-crash forensic analysis of composite aircraft structures
Ketchup and Blood: Documents, Institutions and Effects in the Performances of Paul McCarthy 1974-2013
No full textSince the 1970s, the work of Los Angeles-based artist Paul McCarthy (b. 1945) has included live performance, video, sculpture, kinetic tableaux, and installation. Tracing the development of McCarthy’s work between 1974 and 2013, I undertake a critical discussion of the development of performance in relation to visual art practices. Using one artist’s work as a guide through a number of key discussions in the history of performance art, I argue that performance has influenced every aspect of McCarthy’s artistic practice, and continues to inform critical readings of his work.
My thesis follows the trajectory of McCarthy’s performance practice as it has developed through different contexts. I begin with the early documentation and dissemination of performance in the Los Angeles-based magazine High Performance (1978-83), which established a context for the reception of performance art, and for McCarthy’s early work. I then examine specific examples of McCarthy’s practice in relation to his critical reception: live performances and videos from the 1970s are discussed alongside critical readings of his work influenced by psychoanalysis; and the wider public recognition of McCarthy’s object-based art in the 1980s and early 1990s. I then look more broadly at the recent trend of re-enacting historical performances in the Getty’s Pacific Standard Time project (2011-12), as a mode of engaging with performance history and exploring how histories of ephemeral art are re-iterated over time. Finally, I discuss a number of McCarthy’s recent exhibitions and installations that mobilises a wider consideration of the histories of performance and ephemeral practices in art institutions.
McCarthy’s work is firmly established in the art world, and I argue that his work also provides a significant touchstone for histories of performance. I look historically at how McCarthy’s work has been documented, disseminated, curated, and re-performed, and open wider discussions about ways of engaging with performance history. In turn, I complicate the relationship between performance and the art world; between ephemeral art and object-based art practices; and between scholarly engagements with performance history, and the public presentation of performance in curatorial practices and institutional contexts.This project was funded by a College Studentship from Queen Mary, University of London. Additional financial support for a research trip to Los Angeles in 2012 to undertake primary research and conduct interviews was provided by the Queen Mary Central Research Fund (now the Postgraduate Research Fund). I would also like to acknowledge the support of the Glynne Wickham Scholarship fund, which contributed to travel expenses for a conference presentation at Stanford University in 2013
Robben Island penguin pressure model: a decision support tool for an ecosystems approach to fisheries management
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.The African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) population in southern Africa has declined from approximately 575 000 adults at the start of the 20th century to 180 000 adults in the early 1990s. The population is still declining, leading to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature upgrading the status of African penguins to Endangered on the Red List of Threatened Species. This dissertation uses a systems dynamics approach to produce a model incorporating all important pressures. The model is stochastic and spatially explicit, and uses expert opinion where data are not available. The model has been produced and revised with the help of the Penguin Modelling Group, based at the University of Cape Town. The modelling process culminated in a workshop where participants experimented with the model themselves. The model in this dissertation is only applicable to the penguin population on Robben Island and, as such, conclusions drawn cannot necessarily be applied to other penguin colonies
"Every B Closes the Door": The College Choice Process Among Silicon Valley High School Seniors
No full textThis study examines the college choice process among high socioeconomic status families in Silicon Valley to explore how college admissions has become so filled with emotional distress among this population. The research question guiding this study is: How do upper-class families in Silicon Valley navigate the college choice process?
The author conducted interviews with 19 high school seniors and their parents during the 2014-2015 academic year. All of the students aspired to attend competitive four-year postsecondary institutions. Families completed one interview at the beginning of the school year and a second interview after they had made a final college choice decision. The study’s findings are presented through four case studies that illustrate how the students took different journeys to arrive at prestigious destinations.
Students faced a number of stressors including expectations for success originating from communities, schools, and families. An inductive approach to analysis revealed three orientations that characterized the way students navigated the college choice process: a) paralyzed privileged students struggled to live up to external expectations for academic achievement and success; b) pragmatic privileged students assessed the field of competitive college admissions and devised personal game plans that would enable them to achieve their goals; c) passive privileged students believed in social expectations that they should attend good colleges, but they were neither as stressed as the paralyzed privileged students, nor as intentional as the pragmatic privileged students. Using self-authorship (Baxter Magolda and King 2012) as a guiding framework, the author explores how variations in developmental level may account for differences in navigation orientations.
Given their upper-class backgrounds, all of the students in this study were privileged and their competitive college destinations reflected their social class status. Implications for adolescent mental health, family expectations, organizational responses, and future research are discussed.PhDSociologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151723/1/johamass_1.pdfDescription of johamass_1.pdf : Restricted to UM users only
Patterns of behavior in biodiversity preservation
No full textConservation budgets are limited, so it is right to ask of biodiversity programs, What should be preserved? How much should be preserved? Where? Recent papers on optimal preservation policy have tried to integrate three considerations: the relative uniqueness of different species or habitats, the degree of risk to their continued survival, and the opportunity cost of the resources needed to enhance their prospects for survival. It is natural to ask, How are we doing? Have biodiversity conservation resources been optimally allocated? What determines government decisions about the preservation of endangered species? The authors submit the first report card, an empirical analysis of U.S. species preservation policy, the best-documented country experience currently available. The authors discuss the most common normative justifications for biodiversity preservation and identify measurable proxies for a subset of those justifications. Proxies include"scientific"species characteristics, such as"degree of endangerment"and"taxonomic uniqueness,"as well as"visceral"characteristics, such as physical size and to what extent a species is considered a"higher form of life."They find that both kindsof characteristics, but especially"visceral"characteristics, influence government decisions on whether to protect a species under the Endangered Species Act. The authors find that"visceral"characteristics- especially physical size and taxonomic class - are also important in explaining how much is spent on endangered species. Perhaps more surprising is their finding that more is spent on animals with lower risk of extinction than on animals with a higher risk of extinction. The author's results are sobering. Many millions have been spent on species preservation, but neither uniqueness nor risk has weighed heavily in resource allocation. Instead there has been a heavy bias toward"charismatic megafauna"- large, well-known birds and mammals ("higher forms of life,"in the human value system). Other classes of fauna - including, say, eels or wild toads - and all flora, have gotten extremely short shrift. Prominent examples of species with high charisma, high attention, and relatively low endangerment are the bald eagle, the Florida scrub jay, and the grizzly bear. Other species may have less charisma but could have more scientific value or species risk.Wildlife Resources,Wetlands,Environmental Economics&Policies,Information Technology,Biodiversity
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