1,721,126 research outputs found
The International Labour Organization and the New International Order: the Dilemma between Migration Control and Migrants’ Rights
No full textThe chapter examines the 1975 ILO Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions, arguing that it aimed to regulate labour migration through new rules against trafficking and exploitation rather than assert broad claims for migrants. It shows how labour-exporting countries critiqued the effects of migration more sharply by the 1970s while importers imposed recruitment bans. Tracing ILO debates, the chapter demonstrates that the organisation pivoted to address uncontrolled migration flows rather than state-managed labour flows. Situating the Convention’s provisions and limited ratification in a historical context reveals the significant obstacles confronting global governance efforts on labour migration
The Role of Social Diplomacy: the European Trade Union Confederation and the Transition from Communism to Post-Communism in Central-Eastern Europe and Russia
No full textThis chapter focuses on the relations between the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC), the organisation established in 1973 to coordinate and represent workers and their trade unions at European level, and trade unions of Central and Eastern European countries and the Soviet Union - and later Russia - in the period between the mid-1980s and mid-1990s. The main aim is to analyse the attitudes of the ETUC towards the critical rethinking and, later, the collapse of Communist systems and regimes; another aim, in this context, is to assess whether - and, if so, to what extent – the ETUC was able to influence the reform processes affecting post-Communist trade unionism. The chapter, in particular, shows that the ETUC was unable to avoid the nationalist rifts in the Yugoslav trade unions and the dramatic disintegration of Soviet trade unionism, exacerbated by the failed coup in 1991. Meanwhile, the essay argues that the ETUC played a crucial role in encouraging trade union pluralism in Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) and accompanying new and old organisations towards membership in international democratic trade union organisations. At the same time, the ETUC failed in its attempt to put workers and trade unions at the centre of national reform processes and agreements between CEECs and the European Union. The research is based on the existing literature, published documents from the ETUC and the EC/EU institutions and primary sources of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU), the World Confederation of Labour (WCL) and the ETUC kept in the Historical Archives of the International Institute of Social History in Amsterdam
The Global Migration Turn: Introduction
No full textThis chapter lays the groundwork for the narrative that unfolds in the ensuing chapters. It offers an enticing glimpse into the book’s structure and contents
The Euro-Russian Entente: Introduction
No full textThis chapter lays the groundwork for the narrative that unfolds in the ensuing chapters. It offers an enticing glimpse into the book’s structure and contents
Simone Paoli, Frontiera Sud. L'Italia e l'Europa di Schengen
Full text linkReview of the book Simone Paoli, Frontiera Sud. L'Italia e la nascita dell'Europa di Schenge
Fine della guerra fredda, riunificazione tedesca e origini della politica europea di immigrazione e asilo
No full textFrance and the Origins of Schengen: An Interpretation
No full textThe chapter focuses on the role of France in the negotiations for the Schengen Agreement in 1985 and the Convention implementing it in 1990. It shows that François Mitterrand, together with Helmut Kohl, was the real architect of the Schengen system, although it was much less influential during the cohabitation period between 1986 and 1988. It also argues that Mitterrand was not only motivated by economic considerations but also by political ones: the need to prevent the entry of unwanted migrants at external borders was as important as the willingness to open internal frontiers within the imminent Single Market. In addition, the choice to act outside the Community framework was not only due to opposition from Great Britain; both the French Presidency and government preferred intergovernmental agreements, because they allowed participants to marginalise Community institutions and exclude unreliable Community member states. Lastly, the chapter demonstrates that, after the collapse of the Communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe, Kohl and his government took the lead in setting the pace and contents of the project, while Mitterrand and his government were forced to adopt a defensive approach. This, incidentally, greatly influenced the implementation of a generous visa policy for nationals of Central and Eastern European countries
Europeanization and Education from the Aftermath of the Second World War to the Post-Pandemic Era
No full textThis essay lays the groundwork for the narrative that unfolds in the ensuing chapters. It offers an enticing glimpse into the book’s structure and contents
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