21 research outputs found
GMA - Jahrestagung in Graz vom 26.-28.09.2013 [GMA - Annual Meeting Graz from 26 to 28 Sept. 2013 in Graz]
No full textResearch in medical education - chances and challenges : international conference, 20th - 22nd May 2009, Heidelberg ; congress abstracts
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Epistemic Thought Experiments and Intuitions
No full textThis work investigates intuitions' nature, demonstrating how philosophers can best use them in epistemology. First, the author considers several paradigmatic thought experiments in epistemology that depict the appeal to intuition. He then argues that the nature of thought experiment-generated intuitions is not best explained by an a priori Platonism. Second, the book instead develops and argues for a thin conception of epistemic intuitions. The account maintains that intuition is neither a priori nor a posteriori but multi-dimensional. It is an intentional but non-propositional mental state that is also non-conceptual and non-phenomenal in nature. Moreover, this state is individuated by its progenitor, namely, the relevant thought experiment. Third, the author provides an argument for the evidential status of intuitions based on the correct account of the nature of epistemic intuition. The suggestion is the fitting-ness approach: intuition alone has no epistemic status. Rather, intuition has evidentiary value as long as it fits well with other pieces into a whole, namely, the pertinent thought experiment. Finally, the book addresses the key challenges raised by supporters of anti-centrality, according to which philosophers do not regard intuition as central evidence in philosophy. To that end, the author responds to them, showing that they fail to affect the account of intuition developed in this book. This text appeals to students and researchers working in epistemology
Epistemic Thought Experiments and Intuitions
No full textThis work investigates intuitions' nature, demonstrating how philosophers can best use them in epistemology. First, the author considers several paradigmatic thought experiments in epistemology that depict the appeal to intuition. He then argues that the nature of thought experiment-generated intuitions is not best explained by an a priori Platonism. Second, the book instead develops and argues for a thin conception of epistemic intuitions. The account maintains that intuition is neither a priori nor a posteriori but multi-dimensional. It is an intentional but non-propositional mental state that is also non-conceptual and non-phenomenal in nature. Moreover, this state is individuated by its progenitor, namely, the relevant thought experiment. Third, the author provides an argument for the evidential status of intuitions based on the correct account of the nature of epistemic intuition. The suggestion is the fitting-ness approach: intuition alone has no epistemic status. Rather, intuition has evidentiary value as long as it fits well with other pieces into a whole, namely, the pertinent thought experiment. Finally, the book addresses the key challenges raised by supporters of anti-centrality, according to which philosophers do not regard intuition as central evidence in philosophy. To that end, the author responds to them, showing that they fail to affect the account of intuition developed in this book. This text appeals to students and researchers working in epistemology
Sources on the Golden Horde History in the Turkic, Persian and Arabic from the National Library of Turkey (Ankara) and Suleymaniye Library (Istanbul): perspectives for the study »
No full textIn this article, the author presents the library of Sulaymaniyah (Istanbul) and the National Library of Turkey (Ankara) in the light of manuscript sources. The author gives a description of the thirteen Turkic, four Persian, and seven Arabic sources on the history of the Golden Horde. The author pays particular attention to the work of Egyptian author Ibn Taghribirdi (813–874 AH), «al-Manhal al-safi wa-al-mustawfa bada al-wafi» (Clean and completing source after the full one). This work is an extensive biographical collection of outstanding personalities of the epoch, in which Ibn Taghribirdi live
La présence de l’Autre dans la littérature juive irakienne
No full textCette thèse se propose comme un traité comparatif de la présence de l'Autre chez trois éminents auteurs :Naïm Kattan, Samir Naqqash et Tsionit Fattal. Ces trois écrivains, tous d'origine juive irakienne, forment le point d'ancrage de cette étude. Naïm Kattan et Samir Naqqash, exilés en 1951, ont mené des vies distinctes :Kattan s'est installé à Paris puis au Québec, tandis que Naqqash a alterné entre Israël et Londres.Kattan a composé plusieurs œuvres, parmi lesquelles une trilogie, dont cette thèse aborde la première partie, intitulée Adieu, Babylone. Les fruits arrachés et La fiancée promise complètent cette trilogie. Quant à Naqqash, il a également écrit des romans, mais la thèse se concentre sur deux d'entre eux, à savoir Les locataires et la toile d'araignée, qui incarne et reflète les épreuves endurées par les juifs en Irak, ainsi que Shlomo le Kurde, qui évoque l'image des juifs kurdes. Fattal, née en Israël, n'a pas personnellement vécu l'exode, mais ses parents ont été exilés, tout comme Kattan et Naqqash. Dans son roman Les photos sur le mur, elle relate l'expérience de ses ancêtres ou de ses parents, abordant ainsi la nostalgie de l'Autre. Chaque auteur aborde cette nostalgie d'une manière singulière, bien que tous puissent ressentir un sentiment similaire envers leur patrie lointaine.Selon Kattan, la nostalgie revêt un double visage. D'une part, elle évoque la mémoire d'un passé enchanté, même s'il est en partie imaginaire, soulageant ainsi un présent rétréci tout en rappelant inexorablement l'écoulement du temps. D'autre part, un passé empreint de douleur peut également jouer un rôle similaire. La souffrance n'est pas effacée de la mémoire, mais elle cesse de causer de la peine. Au contraire, elle contribue à évoquer un présent empreint d'agrément. Ainsi, on quitte le temps du malheur, et se remémorer ce passé douloureux devient une expression de gratitude pour les moments heureux qui ont suivi. Même si le bonheur n'est pas omniprésent, on ressent un soulagement à avoir surmonté la crise .La langue joue un rôle fondamental dans l'expression des sentiments et leur transcription écrite. Il convient de souligner que les quatre œuvres qui composent cette thèse ont été rédigées dans trois langues différentes, à savoir l'arabe, le français et l'hébreu.Cette thèse s'efforce de trouver la définition la plus juste de la conception de l'Autre ou de l'Autrui, en survolant l'histoire des auteurs et de leurs communautés respectives. Pour appréhender la différence de perception de l'exil entre ces âmes, il est essentiel d'étudier individuellement chacun de ces auteurs, afin de comprendre leur vécu. L'analyse comparative sera établie à partir des présentations préparées.This thesis proposes a comparative treatise on the presence of the Other in the works of three eminent authors: Naïm Kattan, Samir Naqqash, and Tsionit Fattal. These three writers, all of Iraqi Jewish origin, form the anchor point of this study. Naïm Kattan and Samir Naqqash, exiled in 1951, led distinct lives: Kattan settled in Paris and then in Quebec, while Naqqash alternated between Israel and London.Kattan composed several works, including a trilogy, the first part of which, titled "Adieu, Babylone," is discussed in this thesis. "Les fruits arrachés" and "La fiancée promise" complete this trilogy. As for Naqqash, he also wrote novels, but the thesis focuses on two of them, namely "Les locataires et la toile d'araignée," which embodies and reflects the trials endured by Jews in Iraq, and "Shlomo le Kurde," which evokes the image of Kurdish Jews. Fattal, born in Israel, did not personally experience the exodus, but her parents were exiled, just like Kattan and Naqqash. In her novel "Les photos sur le mur," she recounts the experiences of her ancestors or her parents, thus addressing the nostalgia for the Other. Each author approaches this nostalgia in a unique way, although they all may feel a similar sentiment towards their distant homeland.According to Kattan, nostalgia has a double face. On one hand, it evokes the memory of an enchanted past, even if it is partly imaginary, alleviating a diminished present while inexorably reminding of the passage of time. On the other hand, a past marked by pain can also play a similar role. The suffering is not erased from memory, but it ceases to cause pain. On the contrary, it helps evoke a present filled with contentment. Thus, one leaves the time of misery, and recalling this painful past becomes an expression of gratitude for the happy moments that followed. Even if happiness is not omnipresent, there is relief in having overcome the crisis.Language plays a fundamental role in the expression of feelings and their written transcription. It is worth noting that the four works composing this thesis were written in three different languages, namely Arabic, French, and Hebrew. This thesis strives to find the most accurate definition of the concept of the Other, by surveying the history of the authors and their respective communities.To grasp the difference in perception of exile among these souls, it is essential to study each of these authors individually to understand their experiences. The comparative analysis will be based on the prepared presentations.Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologieinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Dragging the Yoke of Identity: Sexual Difference in fin-desiècle Nineteenth- and Twentieth-century French and Francophone Literature
No full textIn what ways is identity a banner, a badge, or a burden? How a person conforms to or resists the implications of any form of identity is the central focus of this study. Through the concept of the yoke, we will discuss Au pays des sables by Isabelle Eberhardt, Monsieur Vénus by Rachilde, and Les yeux bleus cheveux noirs by Marguerite Duras, all narratives in which identity is not always what it appears to be. In this study, I will examine representations of gender and identity to consider the relationship between performance and sexual politics. As we will see, Rachilde’s and Duras’s texts create a world in which any facet of identity is a free-floating signifier, challenging traditional notions of femininity, masculinity, and sexual identity as well as the distinction between so-called normality and abnormality. Despite the seemingly liberating trends contained in these two authors’ works, we will see that sexual difference (la différence des sexes) often remains intact, a glaring point of contention within the textual worlds. Eberhardt’s work allows us to consider many of the same questions in light of how she created her own unique and hybrid identity, that of an Arab horseman in colonial Algeria. Her gender play and texts point to the limits of cultural, ethnic, and gender identity. Her fiction is highly critical of colonial power and authority while remaining at times ambiguous to sexual difference. The combined effect of studying these three authors as an ensemble leads to the conclusion, where we will investigate some of the larger questions of sexual politics and identity in a contemporary fin-de-siècle context. Exploring how each author treats the question of identity in its myriad different possibilities and examining the role of sexual difference and the sex/gender system becomes a vehicle for analyzing the role of norms and normativity in the social order. Adapting to the yoke or choosing to resist it becomes a political act imbued with the potential for reimagining what is possible for the self and the world
