131 research outputs found
Qualità delle carni, risultati sperimentali
No full textLa nota superiore qualità gastronomica delle carni di selvaggina, in particolare di quelle di cinghiale, è stata confermata dai risultati sperimentali ottenuti sia dai ricercatori del Dipartimento di Scienze Agro–Ambientali e Territoriali dell’Università degli Studi di Bari sia da altri studiosi di altre istituzioni di ricerca. Dai risultati ottenuti nelle condizioni sperimentali operative emerge una normale superiorità dei suini neri di Basilicata rispetto ai cinghiali, non solo per quanto concerne gli aspetti produttivi in vita, i rilievi alla macellazione e la composizione delle mezzene, ma anche per diversi parametri di qualità delle carni. Infatti quelle dei suini, anche se sono più acquose, sono più luminose e meno rosse, meno resistenti e presentano un grasso dotato di maggiori percentuali di w3 e un miglior rapporto w6/w3
Carcass Composition, Meat Quality and Sensory Quality of Gentile di Puglia Light Lambs: Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Oregano and Linseed
No full textThere is a growing demand by the modern consumer for meat containing less fat and lower levels of saturated fatty acids, which are considered to increase the risk of coronary heart disease. In southern Italy, the Gentile di Puglia breed is one of the most common on farms, and the light lambs are often consumed. The study evaluates the effect of a diet containing extruded linseed (Linum usitatissimum) on growth performances, carcass traits, and meat quality in Gentile di Puglia light lambs. Thirty-six male lambs are weaned at about 20 days of age, and divided into three groups—each group is either fed a control diet (C), a diet containing 3% extruded linseed (L), or a diet containing 3% extruded linseed and 0.6% oregano (Origanum vulgare) (L + O). The lambs’ growth performances and the slaughtering and dissection data did not differ between groups. Dietary treatments have no significant effect on the quality and chemical composition of Longissimus lumborum (Ll). The mount of linoleic acid in Ll meat is significantly higher in the L group, and this positively affected the total content of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid, as well as the n-6/n-3 ratio. The good results obtained concerning the sensory traits meet the requirements of the market’s consumer
Systematic review of urinary incontinence and overactive bladder cost-of-illness studies
No full textObjective: Systematise all the international available evidence on the burden of disease because of UI and OAB on society.
Materials and Methods: A systematic search of Medline and Embase databases was conducted on June 30th, 2008, aimed at retrieving studies concerning the cost of UI and OAB, any time.
Results: Out of 161 abstracts retrieved, 25 studies were included in the review. Key findings emerged from the review process: (i) prevalence rates vary depending upon definitions used, populations studied, and methods employed, (ii) estimates of direct healthcare costs should take into account the hidden nature of incontinence since the most affected individuals do not seek treatment, (iii) biases may occur when estimating the burden of disease using claims data as these concern only people seeking care and treated for their symptoms, and (iv) direct costs of incontinence would likely be higher, if a greater proportion of patients with UI and/or OAB sought care. From an economic perspective, investing more resources in early diagnosis and initial treatment could potentially reduce the costs of treating late-stage disease and its consequences. This study illustrates also that healthcare systems never pursued clearly this direction: in OAB communitydwellers the cost of diagnosing and treating is less than the cost of treating its related consequences (e.g. skin irritations, urinary tract infections, falls), 29% and 48.4% of direct costs respectively. Whilst in UI community-dwellers, the cost of treating consequences is still high, being 18.2% of direct costs.
Conclusions: UI and OAB are associated with significant cost to the individual, institution and society. Understanding the magnitude of the impact of these pelvic floor disorders is important to health care providers, payers, and public policymakers in establishing health care priorities, taking advantage of potential savings, and allocating scarce resources for its appropriate management
Impact on Quality of Life of Urinary Incontinence and Overactive Bladder: A Systematic Literature Review
No full textThe paper provides a systematization of the scientific evidence on quality of life of patients affected by urinary incontinence (UI) and overactive bladder (OAB) through a systematic literature review. A single search strategy was performed through the databases and papers collected are reviewed by independent researchers finally, including 39 papers. A strong heterogeneity of studies emerged from the evidence. The multidimensionality of the consequences produced by UI and OAB increased the attention on the identification of the most affected dimension of life quality (i.e. physical, emotional) and on the attempt of predicting life quality impairment through specific variables. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Psychiatric disorders
No full textThis chapter summarizes the most significant gender influences on mental health in terms of illness incidence and prevalence, clinical presentation, course, and response to treatment. Several mental disorders including major depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and eating disorders are considered in different sections. Depression is twice more frequent in women than in men. Moreover, men and women show differences regarding presentation, course, treatment response, and outcome. Women affected by depression show higher recurrence and atypical features; they have generally an earlier onset, more severe, longer, and recurrent depressive episodes, and a lower quality of life than men do. Women are also more likely to have a comorbid anxiety, eating or somatoform disorder, and more frequently than men, they attempt suicide (although lethal suicide is more probable to happen in men). Psychopharmacological treatment of depression also might present significant gender dissimilarities; still, there is no clear consensus on whether there are gender-related differences in antidepressant efficacy. There is a significant gender difference in terms of lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder type II, with more affected women, while both genders show a similar prevalence of bipolar disorder type I. Women usually have an older age of onset and they typically manifest a depressive polarity at the onset and a predominance of depression phases during lifetime. Women are also more likely to undergo mixed and seasonal episodes and have an increased risk of developing rapid cycling mood disturbances. Bipolar disorder in men is characterized by manic onset, recurrence of manic phases, and by lower treatment adherence. Comorbidity of psychiatric (eating and anxiety disorders) and medical (thyroid disease, migraine, obesity) conditions are more common in women, while substance use disorder is more common in men. There is no evidence that women and men suffering from bipolar disorder differ significantly in treatment response to mood stabilizers. Schizophrenia also has significant gender differences: affected males, normally younger at the onset than females, present more severe negative symptoms, worse cognitive impairment, more frequent hospitalizations, and are more likely to commit acts of severe violence. In detail, incidence rate of early onset is higher in males than females, while at older onset women predominate. Until the mid-30s, rates are estimated to be approximately 1.5–2 times greater in males than females. Later, rates decrease for both sexes, with a narrowing sex ratio, until the mid-40s when there is a minor secondary peak for women. Male patients are likely to have more cognitive impairment and poorer premorbid functioning, more negative symptoms, and more severe deterioration over time. Female patients experienced more severe positive symptoms (hallucinations and persecutory delusions) and commit a greater number of suicide attempts. Women also show a considerably less severe course of the illness: they show a better social functioning and have fewer hospitalizations with shorter inpatient stays. Gender differences have also been well recognized in the response to antipsychotic treatment, with women being better responders than men are. Eating disorders in the past were considered as almost exclusively female disorders (F:M = 20:1), but that is changing rapidly. One million men have been shown to suffer from eating disorders in the USA. Males accounted for roughly 10.0–25.0% of eating disorder patients, with the number of men struggling from bulimia nervosa being more than those who struggle with anorexia. Research and knowledge on the topic are expanding rapidly, and recent literature elucidates gender-specific issues in terms of age of onset, weight history and compensatory exercise behavior, frequency of abuse record, and substance use rates. A later age of onset, premorbid obesity, and over-exercise are more likely in men. Around 30% of subjects suffering from an eating disorder were victims of sexual abuse (1:3 in women vs. 1:7 in men) and a substance use disorder is generally more frequent in subjects with eating disorder (particularly the use of steroids and growth hormones in affected men) in comparison to the general population
Wild and Farmed Sea Bass (<i>Dicentrarchus Labrax</i>): Comparison of Biometry Traits, Chemical and Fatty Acid Composition of Fillets
No full textSea bass is a fish widely produced, consumed and appreciated in Italy. Its intensive rearing system provides the consumption of valuable fish to a wider population. Thanks to the use of an appropriate feed, it is possible to obtain reared sea bass which are richer in total lipid with a majority presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as n-3 and n-6 series. In this study, a total of 75 specimens of European sea bass coming from three different origins (two farmed and one wild) were considered, with 25 fish from each origin. Biometry traits were valued as of the chemical and fatty acid profile of fillets. Biometric indices, proximate composition and fatty acid percentage were significantly affected by the rearing system. Fishes from the intensive rearing system (IRS) showed the highest value of relative profile and condition factor, a higher content of lipid and total n-6 that influenced the n-6/n-3 ratio and the atherogenic indexes, and values that indicated their flesh for human consumption as a healthy alternative to the wild fishes
Meat quality assessment of raw meat from two Mediterranean autochthonous pig breeds reared in sustainable conditions
No full textThe sustainability of livestock farming in relation to global anxiety about climate change and the quality of agro-ecosystem services has become a fundamental issue for the world and the scientific community. Many aspects of meat quality are related to genotype, sex, and age of the animals as well as the production system. In Mediterranean countries, farmers in marginal areas engage in environmentally friendly production systems using native genotypes that are well adapted to the environment and are able to exploit the feed resources available on the territory. The black pig
breeds are autochthonous in many countries and reared in the interior of the Mediterranean region. Although in Italy, the black pig breeds have been studied and analysed for years, and have been divided in different populations, in Greece, there is a lack of information about the productive performance of black pigs. The current study, funded by the GREEN FUND GREECE no.003141, aimed to evaluate the effect of genotype on the quality parameters, the chemical composition and fatty acid profile on the Longissisum lumborum muscle in pig slaughtered at 9 and 12 months of age. For this purpose, 20 piglets were selected from 2 pig farms (1 Greek and 1 Italian) and divided into 4 experimental groups (5 animals per group): E9-Greek breed, slaughtered at the age of 9 months, E12- Greek breed, slaughtered at 12 months of age, I9 Italian breed, slaughtered at 9 months of age, and I12 Italian breed, slaughtered at 12 months of age. Pigs were slaughtered at a licensed abattoir in their country of birth and meat quality analyses were carried out at the University of Bari. The preliminary results show that the E12 meat is less dark with better values of tenderness than I12. The genotype did not influence the chemical composition of 9 months pigs, but on the other hand the I12 have lower protein content and intramuscular fat than E12. As far as the meat fatty acid composition is concerned, the results show a higher percentage of SFA but a lower of MUFA in Italian groups. The concentration of n-3 and n-6 was higher in E9 and E12 than the Italian groups. The meat health indexes were not influenced by genotype but were influenced by age of slaughter. This trial could be a first step to evaluate meat characteristics of Greek black pigs and, therefore, a tool to exploit the diversity of production systems and to raise awareness of the relevance and value of this animal genotype
Estimating snow accumulation and ablation with L-band InSAR: Code and data for analysis and figure creation
No full textThis is the code (R and Python) and data used to conduct the analysis and create the figures for the forthcoming article in The Cryosphere, "Estimating snow accumulation and ablation with L-band InSAR" by Tarricone et al. Further information on the article will be updated upon publication. Specific information about products is located in the Supplementary Material.
Author: Jack Tarricone
Contact: [email protected]
Users must first unzip the downloaded file, install the libraries needed on top of each script, and set the working directory to the unzipped folder.
# set path to '/jemez_lband_swe_code_data' that was downloaded and unzipped from zenodo
# all other file paths are relative
setwd("path/to/jemez_lband_swe_code_data")
list.files() #pwd
Information on scripts and data
rasters/
amplitude/ UAVSAR amplitude data from 12, 19, and 26 Feb.
atm_corrected_unw/ Atmospherically corrected UAVSAR UNW
dem/ Lidar DEM
dswe/ InSAR-derived dSWE data
fsca/ Landsat fSCA from 18 February and 5 March
gpr/ GPR dSWE data
incidence_angle/ Inc. Angle and other products
lvk/ LVK raster and component vectors
no_snow_uncert/ No fSCA mask dSWE data
slc/ Single Look Complex data
uavsar_p1_feb12-19/. 12-19 February InSAR
uavsar_p2_feb19-26/ 19-26 February InSAR
uavsar_p3_feb12-26/ 12-26 February InSAR
scripts/
create_figures/
create_fig05: In situ time series plot
create_fig07: Plot showing atm delay
create_fig10_table04: dSWE histograms and metrics table
create_fig11: InSAR vs. (a) depth sensors, pits, (b) gpr dSWE
processing/
atmospheric_correction_feb12-19.R: Atmospherically correct 12-19 Feb. UNW
atmospheric_correction_feb12-26.R: Atmospherically correct 12-26 Feb. UNW
categorize_aspect_raster.R: Bin DEM into north and south facing slopes
convert_amp_to_db.R: Convert linear amplitude to decibel
create_lkv_raster.R: Make geocoded LVK rasters
create_new_inc.R: Make new lidar-derived incidence angle raster
fsca_stats.R: Generate fSCA stats
geolocate_lvk_jemez.py: Geolocate SLC data using uavsar_pytools
insar_swe_functions.R: SWE inversion function
landsat_fsca_processing.R: Formatting fSCA data
no_snow_swe_uncert_analysis.R Calculate no snow SWE change for uncertainty analysis
swe_inversion_feb12-feb19.R: SWE inversion for 12-19 February
swe_inversion_feb12-feb26.R: SWE inversion for 19-26 February
swe_inversion_feb19-feb26.R: SWE inversion for 12-26 February
uavsar_data_download.py: Download UAVSAR data using uavsar_pytool
Estimating snow accumulation and ablation with L-band InSAR: Code and data for analysis and figure creation
No full textThis is the code (R and Python) and data used to conduct the analysis and create the figures for the forthcoming article in The Cryosphere, "Estimating snow accumulation and ablation with L-band InSAR" by Tarricone et al. Further information on the article will be updated upon publication. Specific information about products is located in the Supplementary Material.
Author: Jack Tarricone
Contact: [email protected]
Users must first unzip the downloaded file, install the libraries needed on top of each script, and set the working directory to the unzipped folder.
# set path to '/jemez_lband_swe_code_data' that was downloaded and unzipped from zenodo
# all other file paths are relative
setwd("path/to/jemez_lband_swe_code_data")
list.files() #pwd
Information on scripts and data
rasters/
amplitude/ UAVSAR amplitude data from 12, 19, and 26 Feb.
atm_corrected_unw/ Atmospherically corrected UAVSAR UNW
dem/ Lidar DEM
dswe/ InSAR-derived dSWE data
fsca/ Landsat fSCA from 18 February and 5 March
gpr/ GPR dSWE data
incidence_angle/ Inc. Angle and other products
lvk/ LVK raster and component vectors
no_snow_uncert/ No fSCA mask dSWE data
slc/ Single Look Complex data
uavsar_p1_feb12-19/ 12-19 February InSAR
uavsar_p2_feb19-26/ 19-26 February InSAR
uavsar_p3_feb12-26/ 12-26 February InSAR
scripts/
create_figures/
create_fig05: In situ time series plot
create_fig07: Plot showing atm delay
create_fig10_table04: dSWE histograms and metrics table
create_fig11: InSAR vs. (a) depth sensors, pits, (b) gpr dSWE
processing/
atmospheric_correction_feb12-19.R: Atmospherically correct 12-19 Feb. UNW
atmospheric_correction_feb12-26.R: Atmospherically correct 12-26 Feb. UNW
categorize_aspect_raster.R: Bin DEM into north and south facing slopes
convert_amp_to_db.R: Convert linear amplitude to decibel
create_lkv_raster.R: Make geocoded LVK rasters
create_new_inc.R: Make new lidar-derived incidence angle raster
fsca_stats.R: Generate fSCA stats
geolocate_lvk_jemez.py: Geolocate SLC data using uavsar_pytools
insar_swe_functions.R: SWE inversion function
landsat_fsca_processing.R: Formatting fSCA data
no_snow_swe_uncert_analysis.R Calculate no snow SWE change for uncertainty analysis
swe_inversion_feb12-feb19.R: SWE inversion for 12-19 February
swe_inversion_feb12-feb26.R: SWE inversion for 19-26 February
swe_inversion_feb19-feb26.R: SWE inversion for 12-26 February
uavsar_data_download.py: Download UAVSAR data using uavsar_pytool
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