155 research outputs found
nobuaki-mzmt/tandem-fossil: Version 1.0.1
No full text<p>This repository provides access to the data and source code used for the manuscript</p>
<h3><a href="https://github.com/nobuaki-mzmt/tandem-fossil#extinct-and-extant-termites-reveal-the-fidelity-of-behavior-fossilization-in-amber"></a><strong>Extinct and extant termites reveal the fidelity of behavior fossilization in amber</strong></h3>
<p>Nobuaki Mizumoto, Simon Hellemans, Michael S Engel, Thomas Bourguignon, Aleš Buček</p>
Mitochondrial and chemical profiles reveal a new genus and species of Neotropical termite with snapping soldiers, Palmitermes impostor (Termitidae: Termitinae)
No full textSince the inception of Linnaean taxonomy, termite species and genus descriptions have been mostly based on the morphology of soldiers, sometimes complemented by alate characters, though these are seldom discriminant. However, narrowly soldier-based descriptions may overemphasise ancestral characters and lead to the establishment of non-monophyletic taxa. In this paper, we used an integrative taxonomic approach that incorporates the morphology of all castes, including workers, as well as molecular and chemical data, to describe Palmitermes impostor Hellemans & Roisin, 2017 (Termitidae:Termitinae), a new termite genus and species from French Guiana. Although the soldiers of P. impostor resemble those of Termes Linnaeus, 1758, the digestive tract and mandibles of workers suggest that Palmitermes is closely related to Cavitermes Emerson, 1925. The sister-group relationship between Palmitermes and Cavitermes was confirmed by a phylogenetic reconstruction based on full mitochondrial genome sequences as well as by the comparison of the profiles of cuticular hydrocarbons of workers with those of related taxa. Our study illustrates the benefits of using an integrative taxonomic approach to describe new taxa and the pitfalls of using soldier morphology as the exclusive set of characters in termite systematics.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Aceetaldehyde
No full textDocument(en) uit de collectie Chemische Procestechnologie.DelftChemTechApplied Science
Stratégies reproductives et sex-ratio chez le termite Cavitermes tuberosus (Emerson, 1925) -- Biologie des Organismes et Ecologie
No full textRecently shown in some termites, Asexual Queen Succession (AQS) is a reproductive strategy in which the primary queen is replaced by numerous parthenogenetically-produced neotenic queens that mate with the primary king. In contrast, the workforce and alate dispersers are produced sexually. If the primary king is replaced by a sexually-produced neotenic son, the matings between neotenic male and females beget asymmetries in the reproductive value of alates, promoting a female-biased alate sex-ratio. Cavitermes tuberosus (Termitidae: Termitinae) is a soil-feeding tropical species, which shows parthenogenetically-produced neotenics and an AQS syndrome. Our work aims to characterize the reproductive strategies in this species by determining (i) the developmental scheme, (ii) the genetic origin of sexuals, (iii) the level of genetic structure (analysis of 65 nests distributed in 14 sites) and (iv) the alate sex-ratio.Our results show that (i) neotenic females develop from the third or fourth nymphal instar; (ii) the majority of neotenic females (82%) are parthenogenetically-produced while only 2% of female alates are so; (iii) nests are differentiated within sites, indicating that the foundation of new nests mainly occurs by nuptial flights; (iv) numerical sex-ratio of alate-destined sexuals is balanced (SRN=0.509, IC95%=0.497-0.522) while investment sex-ratio is slightly female-biased (SRE=0.529, IC95%=0.517-0.542). Altogether, our results demonstrate AQS and its implications in C. tuberosus, and reveal particularities compared to other species in which AQS has been demonstrated: neotenic-headed nests are less frequent than primary-headed ones and neotenic females never become physogastric. AQS is found in various ecological contexts and seems phylogenetically more widespread than previously thought. This strategy shows some evolutionary advantages but these seem to differ depending on species.info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Ecology and reproduction of the neotropical termite Cavitermes tuberosus
No full textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Multidisciplinary approach unravel the ecology of the neotropical termite Cavitermes tuberosus
No full textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Towards a lasting higher-level classification of termites from genomic snapshots
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Reproductive strategies and sex ratio in the termite Cavitermes tuberosus (Termitidae: Termitinae)
No full textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Ecology and reproduction of neotropical soil-feeding termites from the Termes group
No full textThe traditional view of a lifelong monogamy between a king and a queen has recently been challenged in termites. In several species, multiple parthenogenetically-produced secondary queens replace the primary queen and mate with the primary king; this strategy is referred to as “Asexual Queen Succession” (AQS). The aim of my thesis was to investigate the modalities of reproduction and the ecology of neotropical soil-feeding termites from the Termitinae, with a focus on the inquiline termite Cavitermes tuberosus in the Termes group.In the first axis, we investigated the modalities of reproduction of C. tuberosus. (i) AQS is the main reproductive strategy of this species. (ii) The evolution of AQS requires the propensity of parthenogens to develop into neotenic queens. In C. tuberosus, secondary queens develop from a developmental stage of “aspirants” which participate to the social tasks usually undertaken by workers, as long as the primary queen is alive. (iii) In AQS species, a female-biased sex ratio is expected in the dispersing reproductives. In C. tuberosus, sex ratio varies among years and according to the type of reproductives, and the population sex ratio is balanced. These results raise hints on queen-king conflict over the sex ratio.In the second axis, we described the ecology and symbioses of C. tuberosus. (iv) Wolbachia, an endosymbiotic bacterium mainly known for manipulating the reproduction of arthropods in order to enhance its own transmission, infects all individuals in societies. This bacterium, particularly abundant in a gut-associated bacteriome, may play a role in the nutrition of C. tuberosus; both partners would have evolved a mutualistic symbiosis. (v) Inquiline termites live in a nest built by other termite species and do not forage outside. Physico-chemical measures and microbiota sequencing revealed that C. tuberosus is a generalist nest-feeder.Finally, we expanded our study of the breeding systems in the phylogenetic proximity of C. tuberosus. (vi) We described Palmitermes impostor, a new genus and species as a sister-group to the genus Cavitermes. (vii) AQS is the main reproductive strategy in P. impostor, and queens of Spinitermes trispinosus and Inquilinitermes inquilinus are able to reproduce parthenogenetically. Therefore, it appears likely that the conditional use of sexual and asexual reproductions is a preadaptation common to the whole Termes group, and that it evolved into a stable element of their breeding system at least in some species.Overall, our results open new perspectives in the understanding of reproductive strategies in termites and their relationships with their bacterial symbionts.Doctorat en Sciencesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Warmte-overdracht in een roterende xanthogeneerreactor: Metingen aan twee xanthogeneerreactoren
No full textApplied SciencesKramers Laboratorium voor Fysische Technologi
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