4,039 research outputs found
Generalized additive modelling and zero inflated count data
No full textThis paper describes a flexible method for modelling zero inflated count data which are typically found when trying to model and predict species distributions. Zero inflated data are defined as data that has a larger proportion of zeros than expected from pure count (Poisson) data. The standard methodology is to model the data in two steps, first modelling the association between the presence and absence of a species and the available covariates and second, modelling the relationship between abundance and the covariates, conditional on the organism being present. The approach in this paper extends previous work to incorporate the use of Generalized Additive Models (GAM) in the modelling steps. The paper develops the link and variance functions needed for the use of GAM with zero inflated data. It then demonstrates the performance of the models using data on stem counts of Eucalyptus mannifera in a region of South East Australia
Distance sampling methodology
No full textWe consider the method of distance sampling described in Buckland, Anderson, Burnham and Laake in 1993. We explore the properties of the methodology in simple cases chosen to allow direct and accessible comparisons of distance sampling in the design- and model-based frameworks. In particular, we obtain expressions for the bias and variance of the distance sampling estimator of object density and for the expected value of the recommended analytic variance estimator within each framework. These results enable us to clarify aspects of the performance of the methodology which may be of interest to users and potential users of distance sampling
Lineage infidelity underpinningregulatory T cell deficiency in recurrent pregnancy loss
No full textSarah A. Robertson, Kerrie L. Foyle, Lachlan M. Moldenhauer, Ying Y. Wong, Ella S. Green, Simon C. Barry, M. Louise Hul
Word frequency effects in oral reading are not merely age-of-acquisition effects in disguise.
No full textFour experiments examined the effects of the rated age of acquisition (AoA) and word frequency on oral reading latencies and word pronunciation durations. In Experiment 1, both AoA and frequency had independent (and noninteracting) effects on naming latencies. Experiment 2 found no effect of either AoA or frequency on delayed naming, indicating that prepared articulation time was not a factor contributing to the naming latencies observed in Experiment 1. Experiment 3 reported 2 replications of the study by C. M. Morrison and A. W. Ellis (1995). Both replications found reliable effects of frequency and AoA, whereas Morrison and Ellis found an effect of AoA but no effect of frequency. Experiment 4 found a strong AoA effect on pronunciation durations, with a smaller and less reliable effect of frequency. It was concluded that frequency affects the visual recognition of words and that AoA affects the production of lexical phonology. Simon Gerhand and Christopher Barry, School of Psychology, University of Wales, Cardiff, Cardiff, United Kingdom
7-Deaza cyclic adenosine 5′-diphosphate ribose: first example of a Ca2+-mobilizing partial agonist related to cyclic adenosine 5′-diphosphate ribose
No full textBackground: Cyclic adenosine 5′-diphosphate ribose (cADPR), a naturally occurring metabolite of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), mobilizes Ca2+ from non-mitochondria' stores in a variety of mammalian and invertebrate tissues. It has been shown that cADPR activates ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+-release channels, working independently of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) to mobilize intracellular Ca2+ stores. In some systems, cADPR has been shown to be more potent than IP3. The chemo-enzymatic synthesis of structurally modified analogues of cADPR can provide pharmacological tools for probing this new Ca2+-signaling pathway. In this work, we describe the synthesis and evaluation of a structural mimic of cADPR with different Ca2+-releasing properties.Results: 7-Deaza cyclic adenosine 5′-diphosphate ribose (7-deaza cADPR), a novel cADPR analogue modified in the purine ring, was synthesized and its ability to release Ca2+ from non-mitochondria' pools in homogenates made from sea urchin eggs was investigated. 7-Deaza cADPR was more effective in releasing Ca2+ than cADPR, but it only released approximately 66% of the Ca2+ released by a maximal concentration of cADPR. It was also more resistant to hydrolysis than cADPR. If we administered increasing concentrations of 7-deaza cADPR at the same time as a maximal concentration of cADPR, the induction of Ca2+ release by cADPR was antagonized.Conclusions: 7-Deaza cADPR has a Ca2+-release profile consistent with that of a partial agonist, and it is the first reported example of such a compound to act at the cADPR receptor. The imidazole ring of cADPR is clearly important in stimulating the Ca2+-release machinery, and the present results demonstrate that structural modification of a site other than position 8 of the purine ring can affect the efficacy of Ca2+ release. 7-Deaza cADPR represents a significant step forwards in designing modulators of the cADPR signaling pathway
Ectodermal-neural cortex 1 isoforms have contrasting effects on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast mineralization and gene expression
No full textData source: supporting information, https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.25851
Link to a related website: http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/26589/1/6565.pdf, Open Access via UnpaywallAbstract not availableLeah E. Worton, Yan-Chuan Shi, Elisabeth J. Smith, Simon C. Barry, Thomas J. Gonda, Jonathan P. Whitehead and Edith M. Gardine
Interleukin-10 deficiency causes dysregulation of the regulatory T cell response to pregnancy in mice
No full textLink to a related website: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7104442, Open Access via UnpaywallJelmer R Prins, Leigh R Guerin, Bihong Zhang, John E Schjenken, Simon C Barry, Sarah A Robertso
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
sj-docx-1-jad-10.1177_10870547221081266 – Supplemental material for Which Measures From a Sustained Attention Task Best Predict ADHD Group Membership?
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jad-10.1177_10870547221081266 for Which Measures From a Sustained Attention Task Best Predict ADHD Group Membership? by Keitaro Machida, Edwina Barry, Aisling Mulligan, Michael Gill, Ian H. Robertson, Frances C. Lewis, Benita Green, Simon P Kelly, Mark A. Bellgrove and Katherine A. Johnson in Journal of Attention Disorders</p
Clynotis severus L. Koch 1879
No full textClynotis severus (L. Koch, 1879) Figs 77–86 Icius severus L. Koch, 1879: 1128, pl. 98, fig. 3. Icius viduus L. Koch, 1879: 1129, pl. 98, figs 4, 5. Clynotis severus — Simon, 1901: 611. Clynotis viduus — Simon 1901: 611. Clynotis albopictus Simon, 1909: 201. Clynotis viduus — Dunn 1951: 15 (redescription); Żabka 1987: 444, figs 14–21 (redescription, synonymy of C. viduus and C. albopictus); Davies & Żabka 1989: 256, pl. 56 (illustrated). Clynotis severus — Żabka 1991 b: 22 (synonymy of C. severus and C. viduus). Remarks. The species is well illustrated in Davies & Żabka (1989) (as C. viduus). The species is common and widespread across a wide variety of habitats throughout Australia, including Tasmania (Fig. 86) and consequently its IUCN status would be LC. It is found on foliage and in litter. Here I give only illustrations (Figs 77–85) of general morphology and genitalia for purposes of comparison with Pungalina (see below).Published as part of Richardson, Barry J., 2016, New genera, new species and redescriptions of Australian jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae), pp. 501-560 in Zootaxa 4114 (5) on page 523, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27162
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