200,429 research outputs found
Letter from Olive M. Simard to Charlotte Michaud
No full textHandwritten letter from Olive M. Simard of Brookline, Massachusetts, to Charlotte Michaud.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/michaud-1974-1985/1041/thumbnail.jp
Nadeau, M. et Fischer, C. La grammaire nouvelle. La comprendre et l'enseigner. Gaétan Morin éditeur, 2006.
No full textSimard Claude. Nadeau, M. et Fischer, C. La grammaire nouvelle. La comprendre et l'enseigner. Gaétan Morin éditeur, 2006.. In: La Lettre de l'AIRDF, n°38, 2006/1. p. 40
Nadeau, M. et Fischer, C. La grammaire nouvelle. La comprendre et l'enseigner. Gaétan Morin éditeur, 2006.
No full textSimard Claude. Nadeau, M. et Fischer, C. La grammaire nouvelle. La comprendre et l'enseigner. Gaétan Morin éditeur, 2006.. In: La Lettre de l'AIRDF, n°38, 2006/1. p. 40
Evaluation of the Simard et al. 2011 Global Canopy Height Map in Boreal Forests
No full textLight detection and ranging (LiDAR) provides a state-of-the-art technique for measuring forest canopy height. Nevertheless, it may miss some forests due to its spatial separation of individual spots. A number of efforts have been made to overcome the limitation of global LiDAR datasets to generate wall-to-wall canopy height products, among which a global satellite product produced by Simard et al. (2011) (henceforth, the Simard-map) has been the most widely applied. However, the accuracy of the Simard-map is uncertain in boreal forests, which play important roles in the terrestrial carbon cycle and are encountering more extensive climate changes than the global average. In this letter, we evaluated the Simard-map in boreal forests through a literature review of field canopy height. Our comparison shows that the Simard-map yielded a significant correlation with the field canopy height (R2 = 0.68 and p < 0.001). However, remarkable biases were observed with the root mean square error (RMSE), regression slope, and intercept of 6.88 m, 0.448, and 10.429, respectively. Interestingly, we found that the evaluation results showed an identical trend with a validation of moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) tree-cover product (MOD44B) in boreal forests, which was used as a crucial input data set for generating the Simard-map. That is, both the Simard-map and MOD44B yielded an overestimation (underestimation) in the lower (upper) tails of the scatterplots between the field and satellite data sets. This indicates that the MOD44B product is the likely source of error for the estimation biases of the Simard-map. Finally, a field calibration was performed to improve the Simard-map in boreal forests by compensating for the estimation biases and discarding non-forest areas, which provided a more reliable canopy height product for future applications
The SIMARD-MD is not an Effective Driver Screening Tool for Determining Fitness-To-Drive
No full textBackground
Studies have reported poor sensitivity and specificity of the Screen for the Identification of Cognitively Impaired Medically At-Risk Drivers, a modification of the DemTech (SIMARD-MD) to screen for drivers with cognitive impairment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the SIMARD-MD can accurately predict pass/fail on a road test in drivers with cognitive impairment (CI) and healthy drivers.
Methods
Data from drivers with CI were collected from two comprehensive driving assessment centres (n=86) and compared with healthy drivers (n=30). All participants completed demographic measures, clinical measures, and a road rest (pass/fail). Analyses consisted of correlations between the SIMARD-MD and the other clinical measures, and a receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve to determine the predictive ability of the SIMARD-MD.
Results
All healthy drivers passed the road test compared with 44.2% of the CI sample. On the SIMARD-MD, the CI sample scored significantly worse than healthy drivers (p < .001). The ROC curve showed the SIMARD-MD, regardless of any cut-point, misclassified a large number of CI individuals (AUC=.692; 95% CI = 0.578, 0.806).
Conclusions
Given the high level of misclassification, the SIMARD-MD should not be used with either healthy drivers or those with cognitive impairment for making decisions about driving
Mucoviscidose et fécondité des couples porteurs du gène au Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean (Québec, Canada)
No full textDe Braekeleer Marc, Bellis G., Gaimard M., Rault G., Milot M., Simard F. Mucoviscidose et fécondité des couples porteurs du gène au Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean (Québec, Canada). In: Population, 55ᵉ année, n°2, 2000. pp. 359-365
Supplementary_Data_File_3 – Supplemental material for A Further Analysis and Commentary on: Profiling Changes in Cortical Astroglial Cells Following Chronic Stress
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Data_File_3 for A Further Analysis and Commentary on: Profiling Changes in Cortical Astroglial Cells Following Chronic Stress by Gianfilippo Coppola, Gareth M Rurak, Stephanie Simard and Natalina Salmaso in Journal of Experimental Neuroscience</p
Supplementary_Data_File_1 – Supplemental material for A Further Analysis and Commentary on: Profiling Changes in Cortical Astroglial Cells Following Chronic Stress
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Data_File_1 for A Further Analysis and Commentary on: Profiling Changes in Cortical Astroglial Cells Following Chronic Stress by Gianfilippo Coppola, Gareth M Rurak, Stephanie Simard and Natalina Salmaso in Journal of Experimental Neuroscience</p
Supplementary_Data_File_2 – Supplemental material for A Further Analysis and Commentary on: Profiling Changes in Cortical Astroglial Cells Following Chronic Stress
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Data_File_2 for A Further Analysis and Commentary on: Profiling Changes in Cortical Astroglial Cells Following Chronic Stress by Gianfilippo Coppola, Gareth M Rurak, Stephanie Simard and Natalina Salmaso in Journal of Experimental Neuroscience</p
Identification of the 3' and 5' terminal sequences of the 8 rna genome segments of european and north american genotypes of infectious salmon anemia virus (an orthomyxovirus) and evidence for quasispecies based on the non-coding sequences of transcripts
No full textAbstract Background Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) virus (ISAV) is a pathogen of marine-farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar); a disease first diagnosed in Norway in 1984. This virus, which was first characterized following its isolation in cell culture in 1995, belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae, genus, Isavirus. The Isavirus genome consists of eight single-stranded RNA segments of negative sense, each with one to three open reading frames flanked by 3' and 5' non-coding regions (NCRs). Although the terminal sequences of other members of the family Orthomyxoviridae such as Influenzavirus A have been extensively analyzed, those of Isavirus remain largely unknown, and the few reported are from different ISAV strains and on different ends of the different RNA segments. This paper describes a comprehensive analysis of the 3' and 5' end sequences of the eight RNA segments of ISAV of both European and North American genotypes, and evidence of quasispecies of ISAV based on sequence variation in the untranslated regions (UTRs) of transcripts. Results Two different ISAV strains and two different RNA preparations were used in this study. ISAV strain ADL-PM 3205 ISAV-07 (ADL-ISAV-07) of European genotype was the source of total RNA extracted from ISAV-infected TO cells, which contained both viral mRNA and cRNA. ISAV strain NBISA01 of North American genotype was the source of vRNA extracted from purified virus. The NCRs of each segment were identified by sequencing cDNA prepared by three different methods, 5' RACE (Rapid amplification of cDNA ends), 3' RACE, and RNA ligation mediated PCR. Sequence analysis of five clones each derived from one RT-PCR product from each NCR of ISAV transcripts of segments 1 to 8 revealed significant heterogeneity among the clones of the same segment end, providing unequivocal evidence for presence of intra-segment ISAV quasispecies. Both RNA preparations (mRNA/cRNA and vRNA) yielded complementary sequence information, allowing the simultaneous identification and confirmation of the 3' and 5' NCR sequences of the 8 RNA genome segments of both genotypes of ISAV. The 3' sequences of the mRNA transcripts of ADL-ISAV-07 terminated 13-18 nucleotides from the full 3' terminus of cRNA, continuing as a poly(A) tail, which corresponded with the location of the polyadenylation signal. The lengths of the 3' and 5' NCRs of the vRNA were variable in the different genome segments, but the terminal 7 and 11 nucleotides of the 3' and 5' ends, respectively, were highly conserved among the eight genomic segments of ISAV. The first three nucleotides at the 3' end are GCU-3' (except in segment 5 with ACU-3'), whereas at the 5' end are 5'-AGU with the polyadenylation signal of 3-5 uridines 13-15 nucleotides downstream of the 5' end terminus of the vRNA. Exactly the same features were found in the respective complementary 5' and 3' end NCR sequences of the cRNA transcripts of ADL-ISAV-07, indicating that the terminal sequences of the 8 RNA genome segments are highly conserved among the two ISAV genotypes. The 5' NCR sequences of segments 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7, and the 3' NCR sequences of segments 3 and 4 cRNA were 100% identical in the two genotypes, and the 3' NCR sequences of segment 5 cRNA was the most divergent, with a sequence identity of 77.2%. Conclusions We report for the first time, the presence of intra-segment ISAV quasispecies, based on sequence variation in the NCR sequences of transcripts. In addition, this is the first report of a comprehensive unambiguous analysis of the 3' and 5' NCR sequences of all 8 RNA genome segments from two strains of ISAV representing the two genotypes of ISAV. Because most ISAV sequences are of cDNA to mRNA, they do not contain the 3' end sequences, which are removed during polyadenylation of the mRNA transcripts. We report for the first time the ISAV consensus sequence CAT/ATTTTTACT-3' (in the message sense 5'-3') in all segments of both ISAV genotypes.</p
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