952 research outputs found
sj-rtf-1-ear-10.1177_01455613241234818 – Supplemental material for Validation of Korean Olfactory Questionnaire for Perioperative Olfactory Assessment in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
No full textSupplemental material, sj-rtf-1-ear-10.1177_01455613241234818 for Validation of Korean Olfactory Questionnaire for Perioperative Olfactory Assessment in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery by Young-Chang Sim, Seung Koo Yang, Sun A. Han, Young-Hoon Kim, Kihwan Hwang, Jin-Deok Joo, Sung-Woo Cho, Tae-Bin Won, Chae-Seo Rhee, Chae-Yong Kim and Jeong-Whun Kim in Ear, Nose & Throat Journal</p
Chip-Based Comparison of the Osteogenesis of Human Bone Marrow- and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Mechanical Stimulation
No full textAdipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered as an attractive stem cell source for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We compared human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and hASCs under dynamic hydraulic compression to evaluate and compare osteogenic abilities. A novel micro cell chip integrated with microvalves and microscale cell culture chambers separated from an air-pressure chamber was developed using microfabrication technology. The microscale chip enables the culture of two types of stem cells concurrently, where each is loaded into cell culture chambers and dynamic compressive stimulation is applied to the cells uniformly. Dynamic hydraulic compression (1 Hz, 1 psi) increased the production of osteogenic matrix components (bone sialoprotein, oateopontin, type I collagen) and integrin (CD11b and CD31) expression from both stem cell sources. Alkaline phosphatase and Alrizarin red staining were evident in the stimulated hMSCs, while the stimulated hASCs did not show significant increases in staining under the same stimulation conditions. Upon application of mechanical stimulus to the two types of stem cells, integrin (β1) and osteogenic gene markers were upregulated from both cell types. In conclusion, stimulated hMSCs and hASCs showed increased osteogenic gene expression compared to non-stimulated groups. The hMSCs were more sensitive to mechanical stimulation and more effective towards osteogenic differentiation than the hASCs under these modes of mechanical stimulation.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (EB008392
TAR-18-100_R1_Supplementary_tables – Supplemental material for Clinical outcomes of patients receiving prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory support
No full textSupplemental material, TAR-18-100_R1_Supplementary_tables for Clinical outcomes of patients receiving prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory support by Soo Jin Na, Jae-Seung Jung, Sang-Bum Hong, Woo Hyun Cho, Sang-Min Lee, Young-Jae Cho, Sunghoon Park, So-My Koo, Seung Yong Park, Youjin Chang, Byung Ju Kang, Jung-Hyun Kim, Jin Young Oh, So Hee Park, Jung-Wan Yoo, Yun Su Sim and Kyeongman Jeon in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease</p
Pressure Insensitive Strain Sensor with Facile Solution-Based Process for Tactile Sensing Applications
No full textTactile sensors that can mechanically decouple, and therefore differentiate, various tactile inputs are highly important to properly mimic the sensing capabilities of human skin. Herein, we present an all-solution processable pressure insensitive strain sensor that utilizes the difference in structural change upon the application of pressure and tensile strain. Under the application of strain, microcracks occur within the multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) network, inducing a large change in resistance with gauge factor of similar to 56 at 70% strain. On the other hand, under the application of pressure to as high as 140 kPa, negligible change in resistance is observed, which can be attributed to the pressure working primarily to close the pores, and hence minimally changing the MWCNT network conformation. Our sensor can easily be coated onto irregularly shaped three-dimensional objects (e.g., robotic hand) via spray coating, or be attached to human joints, to detect bending motion. Furthermore, our sensor can differentiate between shear stress and normal pressure, and the local strain can be spatially mapped without the use of patterned electrode array using electrical impedance tomography. These demonstrations make our sensor highly useful and important for the future development of high performance tactile sensors.
Genetic Polymorphism and Haplotype Analysis of 4 Tightly Linked X-STR Duos in Koreans
No full textAim To investigate genetic polymorphism and haplotypes
of tightly linked X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (XSTR)
clusters in Koreans.
Methods Four X-STR duos in the linkage group 1-
4 (DXS10135-DXS8378, DXS7132-DXS10074, HPRTBDXS10101,
and DXS10134-DXS7423) were investigated
in 450 unrelated Koreans (300 men and 150 women)
using the Mentype Argus X-8 Polymerase Chain Reaction
Amplification Kit.
Results No significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium was observed in any of the 8 loci. DXS10135
was the most polymorphic X-STRs, with 25 alleles and
DXS7423 was the least informative, with 5 alleles. Eleven
off-ladder alleles and a triallelic pattern were observed, and
these alleles were characterized by cloning and sequencing
analysis. In 300 Korean men, 38 to 59 haplotypes were
observed for each linkage duo with 91.6-96.6% of haplotype
diversities. However, due to the low genetic diversity
of DXS7423, the X-STR duo in linkage group 4 (DXS10134-
DXS7423), in comparison with other linkage duos, had
considerably lower haplotype diversity values (91.6%) with
3 common haplotypes (35-15, 36-15, and 37-15) observed
in 44.3% of Koreans.
Conclusion Four X-STR duos in the linkage group 1-4 will
be able to provide a powerful tool for solving complex kinship
cases in Koreans. However, to increase the haplotype
diversity in the linkage group 4, it will be useful to discover
a new marker for Asians that can serve as an adequate
substitute for DXS7423 or at least complement the existing
linkage duo of DXS10134-DXS7423
The Korean case study : past experience and new trends in training policies
No full textKorea's skills development strategy has been highlighted as one of the key driving forces of the country's economic development. This paper examines the main features and evolution of this strategy from the 1960s to the present. In particular, it discusses how the skills development policies have contributed to economic development and poverty reduction. The findings in the paper highlight a set of important lessons for the design and implementation of skills development policies, which could be useful for other developing countries.Education For All,Primary Education,Access&Equity in Basic Education,Population Policies,Labor Markets
A Study on Geometry Contrast Enhancement for 3D Point Models
No full textElectrical EngineeringPoint primitives have come into the spotlight as a representation method of 3D models. A lot of researches have been performed on the modeling, processing, and rendering 3D point models. Especially, various methods have been developed for the extraction and preservation of the salient features of corners, curves, and edges in 3D point models. However, little effort has been made to extract and enhance the weak features that are relatively imperceptible due to the low geometry contrast. In this thesis, we propose a novel method to improve the visibility of 3D point models by enhancing the geometry contrast of weak features. We first define a weak feature region as a group of local points yielding small deviations of normal directions. Then we define the geometry histogram for each region as the distribution of the signed distance between a feature point and the locally approximated plane. We equalize and stretch the geometry histogram and move the corresponding feature points accordingly. We also render the enhanced model using the normal mapping for better visual presentation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method enhances the geometry contrast of 3D point models by refining the appearance of the weak features. We expect that the geometry contrast enhancement algorithm will facilitate many applications in various fields.ope
Identifying Prepubertal Children with Risk for Suicide Using Deep Neural Network Trained on Multimodal Brain Imaging
No full text© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Suicide is among the leading causes of death in youth worldwide. Early identification of children with high risk for suicide is a key to effective screening and intervention strategies. Yet, little is known about the neural pathways to the clinical outcomes of youth suicide. In this study, we tested brain functional substrates associated with the risk for youth suicidality. Based on the large, multi-site, multi-ethnic, representative, and prospective developmental population study in the US, we trained a state-of-the-art interpretable deep neural network on functional brain imaging, behavioral, and self-reported questionnaires. Our best model contains the functional estimates of key brain regions important for attention, emotion regulation, and motor coordination, such as the anterior cingulate cortex, temporal gyrus, and precentral gyrus. The interpretable neural network shows that these brain functional features interact with depression and impulsivity, the known risk factors of youth suicidality. This study demonstrates a novel application of the interpretable deep neural network to childhood suicidal research, uncovering the complex interactions between psychological and neural factors underlying youth suicidality.N
Eosinophil extracellular traps activate type 2 innate lymphoid cells through stimulating airway epithelium in severe asthma
No full textBackground Activated eosinophils release extracellular traps (EETs), which contribute to airway inflammation in severe asthma (SA). However, the role of EETs in innate immunity has not yet been completely determined. The present study aimed to demonstrate the mechanism of airway inflammation in SA mediated by EETs. Methods Peripheral counts of EET+ eosinophils and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) were evaluated in patients with SA (n = 13), nonsevere asthma (NSA, n = 17), and healthy control subjects (HC, n = 8). To confirm the effect of EETs, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and adapted/innate immune responses were assessed in mice. Furthermore, the effects of anti-IL-33/TSLP antibody were tested. Results The numbers of EET+ eosinophils and ILC2s were significantly elevated in SA, with a positive correlation between these two cells (r = .539, P < .001). When mice were injected with EETs, we observed significant increases in epithelium-derived cytokines (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, CXCL-1, CCL24, IL-33, and TSLP) and eosinophil/neutrophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as an increased proportion of IL-5- or IL-13-producing ILC2s in the lungs. When Rag1(-/-) mice receiving ILC2s were treated with EETs, increased AHR and IL-5/IL-13 levels in BALF were noted, which were effectively suppressed by anti-IL-33 or anti-TSLP antibody. Conclusion EETs could enhance innate and type 2 immune responses in SA, in which epithelium-targeting biologics (anti-IL-33/TSLP antibody) may have a potential benefit.11Nsciescopu
High-Performance Photomultiplication Photodiode with a 70 nm-Thick Active Layer Assisted by IDIC as an Efficient Molecular Sensitizer
No full textHere, a smart strategy for decreasing the active layer thickness of the organic photodiode down to 70 nm is demonstrated by utilizing a trap-assisted photomultiplication mechanism with the optimized chemical composition. Despite the presence of a high dark current, dramatically enhanced external quantum efficiency (EQE) via photomultiplication can allow significantly reduced active layer thickness, yielding high detectivity comparable to that of conventional Si. To achieve this, a spatially confined and electrically isolated optical sensitizer, 2,2′-((2Z,2′Z)-((4,4,9,9-tetrahexyl-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (IDIC) was introduced strategically between a hole transport active layer and a cathode. A nonfullerene acceptor, IDIC, turned out to be a much more efficient sensitizer than the conventional fullerene-based acceptors, as confirmed by the effective lowering of the Schottky barrier under illumination, as well as the highest EQE exceeding 130 000%. Due to its favorable electronic structure as well as two-dimensional molecular structure, a high detectivity over 1012 Jones was successfully demonstrated while maintaining the active layer thickness as 70 nm. © 2019 American Chemical Society.FALS
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