2,425 research outputs found
Photoelectro-chemical properties of anilino squaraine derivatives in LB films
No full textPhotocurrent generation from Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) overlays on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes, where the active components are 2,4-bis[4-(dibutylamino)-2-hydroxyphenyl]squaraine (1) and the unsubstituted analogue, 2,4-bis[4-(dibutylamino)phenyl]squaraine (2), have been investigated. Dye 1 shows improved behaviour compared with the latter and differences in performance are attributed to a modified aggregate structure, this being indicated by variations in the LB film spectra. The photocurrent generation is enhanced by the presence of electron accepters, e.g. N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium diiodide (MV2+), but quenched by electron donors, e.g. hydroquinone (HQ). The concentration dependence is reported
Comments on author citations for nomenclatural novelties published in volume 15 of the Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS)
No full textEffectiveness of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)-BIG for Neurological Diseases Other than Parkinson’s Disease: Mini Review
No full textBackground: Lee Silverman Voice Treatment-BIG (LB) was developed for Parkinson’s disease patients to improve patients’ movement amplitude and accuracy through large movements and enhance movements through self-awareness and recalibration. This study aimed to review studies on LB for neurological diseases other than Parkinson’s disease and examine its potential as an intervention tool. Method: The main search databases included Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. ‘Neurological disease’, ‘LSVT-BIG’, ‘Treatment or Rehabilitation’, ‘Intervention’, and ‘Therapy’ were used as search keywords until December 2024, and eight articles were finally selected. Results: As a result of analyzing eight studies, there were four studies on stroke (all conducted by occupational therapists) and four studies on other diseases, including two studies on progressive supranuclear palsy, one study on idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, and one study on Huntington’s disease (all conducted by physical therapists). Conclusions: LB had a positive effect on improving physical function and overall motor control in patients with neurological diseases other than Parkinson’s disease, indicating its potential as an intervention tool. In the future, studies that have high-level evidence-based study designs and complement small sample sizes are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of LB
Learning theories and interprofessional education: a user's guide
No full textThere is increasing interest in the theoretical underpinning of interprofessional education (IPE) and writers in this field are drawing on a wide range of disciplines for theories that have utility in IPE. While this has undoubtedly enriched the research literature, for the educational practitioner, whose aim is to develop and deliver an IPE curriculum that has sound theoretical underpinnings, this plethora of theories has become a confusing, and un-navigable quagmire. This article aims to provide a compass for those educational practitioners by presenting a framework that summarizes key learning theories used in IPE and the relationship between them. The study reviews key contemporary learning theories from the wider field of education used in IPE and the explicit applications of these theories in the IPE literature to either curriculum design or programme evaluation. Through presenting a broad overview and summary framework, the study clarifies the way in which learning theories can aid IPE curriculum development and evaluation. It also highlights areas where future theoretical development in the IPE field is required
Photoelectrochemistry of Langmuir-Blodgett films of a C-60 iminodiacetic acid ester derivative on ITO electrodes
No full textThe photoelectrochemical response of a C-60 iminodiacetic acid ester derivative (C(60)IDA), deposited on ITO electrodes by means of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, has been investigated. The anodic photocurrent observed on the modified electrode corresponds to an electron transfer from the electrolyte through the LB film to the electrode. The action spectrum of photocurrent indicates C60IDA as the photoactive species in the photoinduced electron transfer process. Positive bias voltage, reducing agent and higher pH of the solution are beneficial factors for generating higher photocurrent. The quantum yield for photocurrent generation is 0.94% and can be raised to 3.40% under favorable conditions. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.Materials Science, MultidisciplinaryPhysics, Condensed MatterPolymer ScienceSCI(E)EI9ARTICLE3223-2279
Occupational Performance and Hand Function in People With Parkinson\u27s Disease After Participation in Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) BIG®
No full textIMPORTANCE: People with Parkinson\u27s disease (PD) experience motor and functional impairment that can negatively affect daily living and participation. OBJECTIVE: To examine the occupational performance and hand function outcomes of people with PD who participated in a Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) BIG® program. DESIGN: Retrospective record review. SETTING: Outcomes were extracted from patient charts at a hospital outpatient clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-six clinic outpatients with PD who completed the LSVT BIG program. INTERVENTION: An occupational therapist and a physical therapist who were certified in LSVT BIG administration delivered the 16-session LSVT BIG program. Outcomes and Measures: The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), grip strength, and Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT) were administered before and after participation in LSVT BIG training. RESULTS: For participant-identified COPM goals, pre-post changes were significant, ranging from 3 to 6 points for performance and satisfaction (p \u3c .001). Grip strength in both hands showed significant gains; median scores for the right hand increased from 55.0 lb (interquartile range [IQR] 41.0, 70.0) to 64.0 lb (IQR 46.0, 80.0; p \u3c .001) and for the left hand from 52.0 lb (IQR 39.0, 64.0) to 63.0 lb (IQR 44.5, 79.5; p \u3c .001). MMDT median scores for right to left also significantly improved, from 124.0 s (IQR 113.0, 181.0) to 119.5 s (IQR 105.5, 163.5; p = .014). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Participation in the LSVT BIG program can improve perceived occupational performance and satisfaction and produce gains in hand strength and dexterity for people with PD. What This Article Adds: This study is the first retrospective review of data on occupational performance and hand function outcomes after participation in the LSVT BIG program. The findings of beneficial outcomes support the use of LSVT BIG in occupational therapy services to increase functional abilities among people with PD
Factorization of weakly compact operators between Banach spaces and Fréchet or (LB)-spaces
No full text[EN] In this note we show that weakly compact operators from a Banach space X into
a complete (LB)-space E need not factorize through a reflexive Banach space. If E is a Fréchet space, then weakly compact operators from a Banach space X into E factorize through a reflexive Banach space. The factorization of operators from a Fréchet or a complete (LB)-space into a Banach space mapping bounded sets into relatively weakly compact sets is also investigated.The research of the first author was partially supported by MEC and FEDER Project MTM2010-15200 and by GV Project Prometeo/2008/101. The support of the University of Aberdeen and the Universidad Polit´ecnica of Valencia is gratefully acknowledged.Bonet Solves, JA.; Wright, JM. (2012). Factorization of weakly compact operators between Banach spaces and Fréchet or (LB)-spaces. Matematicki Vesnik. 64(4):330-335. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/58753S33033564
Simulating liquid droplets: A quantitative assessment of lattice Boltzmann and Volume of Fluid methods
No full textWhile various multiphase flow simulation techniques have found acceptance as predictive tools for processes involving immiscible fluids, none of them can be considered universally applicable. Focusing on accurate simulation of liquid-liquid emulsions at the scale of droplets, we present a comparative assessment of the single-component multiphase pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method (PP-LB, classical and modified) and the Volume of Fluid method (VOF, classical and modified), highlighting particular strengths and weaknesses of these techniques. We show that a modified LB model produces spurious velocities 1–3 orders of magnitude lower than all VOF models tested, and find that LB is roughly 10 times faster in computation time, while VOF is more versatile. Simulating falling liquid droplets, a realistic problem, we find that despite identical setups, results can vary with the technique in certain flow regimes. At lower Reynolds numbers, all methods agree reasonably well with experimental values. At higher Reynolds numbers, all methods underpredict the droplet Reynolds number, while being in good agreement with each other. Particular issues regarding LB simulations at low density ratio are emphasized. Finally, we conclude with the applicability of VOF vis-à-vis PP-LB for a general range of multiphase flow problems relevant to myriad applications.Accepted Author ManuscriptChemE/Transport PhenomenaIntensified Reaction and Separation System
Nonadaptive Amino Acid Convergence Rates Decrease over Time.
No full textConvergence is a central concept in evolutionary studies because it provides strong evidence for adaptation. It also provides information about the nature of the fitness landscape and the repeatability of evolution, and can mislead phylogenetic inference. To understand the role of adaptive convergence, we need to understand the patterns of nonadaptive convergence. Here, we consider the relationship between nonadaptive convergence and divergence in mitochondrial and model proteins. Surprisingly, nonadaptive convergence is much more common than expected in closely related organisms, falling off as organisms diverge. The extent of the convergent drop-off in mitochondrial proteins is well predicted by epistatic or coevolutionary effects in our "evolutionary Stokes shift" models and poorly predicted by conventional evolutionary models. Convergence probabilities decrease dramatically if the ancestral amino acids of branches being compared have diverged, but also drop slowly over evolutionary time even if the ancestral amino acids have not substituted. Convergence probabilities drop-off rapidly for quickly evolving sites, but much more slowly for slowly evolving sites. Furthermore, once sites have diverged their convergence probabilities are extremely low and indistinguishable from convergence levels at randomized sites. These results indicate that we cannot assume that excessive convergence early on is necessarily adaptive. This new understanding should help us to better discriminate adaptive from nonadaptive convergence and develop more relevant evolutionary models with improved validity for phylogenetic inference
Constructing different 'bridges' for interfacial electron transfer in azobenzene LB/SAM composite bilayers
No full textTwo methods, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) and self-assembly (SA), were used in the present work to fabricate certain interfacial structures for the study of long-range electron transfer. We have successfully constructed two different 'bridges' for the interfacial electron transfer in azobenzene LB/SAM composite bilayer systems. One has ionic bonding character, while the other has face-to-face hydrogen bonding at the interface of an ABD (4-octyl-4'-(3-carboxy-trimethylene-oxy)-azobenzene) LB monolayer and the underlying aminothiol SAM. These structures have been confirmed by using RA-FTIR and contact angle titration. Furthermore, the apparent electron transfer rate across the ionic bonding 'bridge' is much more rapid than in the hydrogen-bonded case, indicating that the interfacial structure plays a crucial role in the long-range electron transfer kinetics. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.Chemistry, AnalyticalElectrochemistrySCI(E)EI14ARTICLE1119-12444
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