1,720,969 research outputs found
Evaluating high power laser therapy (HPLT) as treatment for chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in paediatric patients with oncohematological diseases- Dr Jin
No full textOral disorders and oral hygiene habits in pregnancy: Cognitive survey
No full textOBJECTIVES The gestation period involves a series of changes in all maternal organs and systems, due to hormonal fluctuations that also affect the oral cavity, leading to possible development of diseases such as gingivitis, oral pregnancy tumor or periodontitis. Over the years, the positive correla-tion between poor oral health and adverse outcomes in pregnancy, such as fetal changes, low birth weight, preterm birth or preeclamp-sia, has also been highlighted. The purpose of this study is to an-alyze and understand the levels of knowledge and information of pregnant women about the possible repercussions that they may have on the oral cavity, caused by hormonal alterations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire of 28 multiple choice questions was formulated and published online from 01/02/2020 to 31/08/2020, aimed at pregnant women and new moth-ers. The Google Forms platform was used to collect the data which were then statistically analyzed by creat-ing crosstabs with multiple depen-dency variables. The questionnaire included some initial questions regarding demo-graphics; the second part of the questionnaire focused on under-standing the lifestyle of mothers; the last part instead investigated the awareness and knowledge of women’s oral health and their oral hygiene habits, both at home and in the workplace, during pregnancy. RESULTS The study cohort was represented by 1191 women, whose respons-es first showed that about half were unaware of the predisposi-tion to develop infections and periodontal problems during the gestation period. The same no-ticed bleeding and gum swelling during brushing and despite this, only 21% visited their dentist to resolve the situation. Furthermore, 88.2% of all women did not know that problems in the oral cavity can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The majority of women in our study cohort were unaware of the fact that they could have repercussions in the oral cavity due to hormonal imbalances, despite many of them suffering from gingivitis and gum inflammation. This means that communication between health professionals, from the gynecologist to the ob-stetrician, from the dentist to the hygienist, often presents major gaps: it is necessary to promote concrete oral prevention during pregnancy to allow women to be-come aware of the potential con-sequences in the oral cavity. Primary prevention is essential and must be implemented with the collaboration of the various professional figures who follow the woman during gestation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Close collaboration between health professionals, especially dentists and dental hygienists, is necessary to promote a correct pregnancy. Making pregnant women aware that proper oral hygiene can have positive effects on pregnancy can improve the health of both mothers and fetuses
Zirconia vs. stainless steel pediatric crowns: A literature review
No full textThe aim of this review was to assess efficacy and acceptance of aesthetic zirconia crowns (ZCs) compared to the traditionally employed stainless steel crowns (SSCs) for primary teeth restoration. A comprehensive literature search was completed for the relevant keywords in Scopus and Medline databases. Resulting article abstracts and full texts were screened to determine final inclusion. Eighteen articles were included from the initial search. There is still little evidence to support the use of one type of crowns over another for primary teeth, in particularly for ZCs, lately introduced in pediatric restoration. The gold standard for restoring decayed primary teeth is still represented by SSCs, despite the growing importance of the aesthetic issue related to their use. Aesthetic ZCs resulted in having adequate properties to be employed for the treatment of decayed primary teeth, such as mechanical resistance, limited plaque adhesion, wear behavior and natural appearance. There is still a paucity of literature clinically evaluating the efficacy of ZCs for primary teeth restoration, but they can be considered a promising alternative to SSCs. This field of research has to be more deeply explored to improve dental care in children affected by early childhood caries
Evaluating high power laser therapy (HPLT) as treatment for chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in paediatric patients with oncohematological diseases
Full text linkBackground: Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most debilitating side effects of chemotherapy. Among the current methods used in OM management, the feasibility of high power laser therapy (HPLT) has been proposed but not fully evaluated. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of HPLT in the treatment of OM in paediatric patients. Design: Fourteen oncohematological paediatric patients treated with chemotherapy and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and affected by OM at different grades were enrolled in this study. All patients were treated with a class IV laser device in four sessions for four consecutive days, OM was evaluated with the WHO-OTS scale. The perception of pain was assessed by the visual analog scale. Photographs of and information about lesions and patient questionnaires were taken and collected, respectively. Descriptive analyses and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (nonparametric test) were used, with a statistical significance of α =.05. Results: After a week into the treatment, 57% of patients were completely healed, whereas the whole cohort experienced a drastic decrease in pain, from an average value of 5.8–1.1 (p =.0016). The average number of injuries per patient decreased from 7.4 to 3.1 (p =.008). Conclusion: High power laser therapy appears to be a safe and efficacious method for managing OM. It reduces pain and severity of oral cavity injuries. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal parameters useful in OM treatment and to evaluate the relative effectiveness of HPLT to other treatments like LLLT
Evaluation of high-power laser therapy as treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in paediatric patients with oncohematological diseases—Dr Morankar
No full textThe Role of Information in Dental Traumatology in Patients during Developmental Age: A Cognitive Investigation
Full text linkObjectives The gestation period involves a series of changes in all maternal organs and systems, due to hormonal fluctuations that also affect the oral cavity, leading to possible development of diseases such as gingivitis, oral pregnancy tumor, or periodontitis. Over the years, the positive correlation between poor oral health and adverse outcomes in pregnancy, such as fetal changes, low birth weight, preterm birth, or preeclampsia, has also been highlighted. The aim of this study is to analyze and understand the levels of knowledge and information of pregnant women about the possible repercussions that they may have on the oral cavity, caused by hormonal alterations. Materials and Methods A questionnaire of 17 multiple choice questions was formulated and published online from 01/02/2020 to 31/08/2020, aimed at pregnant women and new mothers. The Google Forms platform was used to collect the data that were then statistically analyzed by creating crosstabs with multiple dependency variables. Results The study cohort was represented by 1,191 women, whose responses first showed that about half were unaware of the predisposition to develop infections and periodontal problems during the gestation period. The same noticed bleeding and gum swelling during brushing and despite this, only 21% visited their dentist to resolve the situation. Furthermore, 88.2% of all women did not know that problems in the oral cavity can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion Primary prevention is essential and must be implemented with the collaboration of the various professional figures who follow the woman during gestation
Ameloblastic fibroma in a 12-year-old girl: a clinical case
No full textOBJECTIVES Ameloblastic fibroma is a rare benign odontogenic tumor com-posed of epithelial and mesen-chymal tissue, mostly located in the mandible premolar-molar region of young male patients. Its etiology is unknown and since it is asymptomatic, it can be diag-nosed during routine oral examination or with an orthopanoram-ic radiograph. In most cases this lesion is associated with an impacted tooth and from the histo-logical point of view, it is charac-terized by plump fibroblasts and collagen fibrils. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 12-year-old girl presented a suspicious neoplastic lesion of the left posterior region of the mandible, associated with an impacted tooth. Clinical and radiographic examination were compatible with the diagnosis of pediatric ameloblastic fibroma. The lesion was treated with complete enucleation and bone curettage; mandibular left sec-ond molar was also extracted. RESULTS The histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of ameloblastic fibroma. One year follow-up orthopantomography and computed tomography showed bone defect healing and no evidence of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Recognizing ameloblastic fibroma and initiating early treatment is crucial to avoid complications and ensure the well-being of patients. Ameloblastic fibroma, a relatively uncommon odonto-genic tumor, presents a range of treatment options: conservative therapy is typically recommend-ed for small and asymptomatic lesions, while aggressive surgery is less frequently employed for extensive or locally recurring cases. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Timely recognition of ameloblas-tic fibroma is crucial to prevent complications. Treatment options range from conservative to surgical, depending on size and symptoms. Long-term follow-up is essential for monitoring recur-rence and malignant transfor-mation. Surgical enucleation with bone curettage is a com-mon approach. Accurate diagnosis and early treatment improve clinical outcomes and patient well-being
Survey on Oral Health Education Knowledge of Family Members and Health Workers Dedicated to Patients with Disabilities
Full text linkObjective Over a billion people in the world live with some form of disability and this figure is destined to grow due to the increase in life expectancy. As consequence, the caregiver is taking on an increasingly important role that gains relevance also in the field of oral-dental prevention, being able to promptly identify needs for medical treatment. In some cases, however, the caregiver can be an obstacle to consider in case of a lack of adequate knowledge and commitment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the caregiver level of oral education comparing family members and health workers dedicated to people with disabilities knowledge. Materials and Methods Anonymous questionnaires were distributed in five disability service centers and filled alternatively by family members of patients with disability and disability service centers health workers. Results Two-hundred fifty questionnaires were collected, of which 100 were filled in by family members and 150 by health workers. Data were analyzed by applying the chi-squared (X2) independence test and the pairwise method for missing data. Conclusion Family members oral education appears better in terms of brushing frequency, toothbrush replacement, and number of dental visits
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