187,402 research outputs found
On the Behavior of the Start and Stop System in European Real Driving Emissions Tests and Its Effect on Greenhouse and Tailpipe Emissions
No full textThe Start/Stop (S/S) system is a technology that switches off the engine without the intervention of the driver when the vehicle is stopped. The goal of this device is to eliminate the consumption of fuel associated with the idling of the engine and, consequently, save carbon dioxide (CO2) and pollutant emissions. However, its effectiveness is related to the percentage of the total driving time with the vehicle stopped. Moreover, even if the S/S system is installed and the vehicle is stopped, the S/S system can be inhibited by the condition of the vehicle like, for example, a too low state of charge of the battery. This investigation evaluates the actual effect of S/S on tailpipe gaseous emissions in Real Driving Emissions tests compliant with the new European Regulations (E-RDE). The investigation is based on data from on-road and on-track RDE tests performed with a Portable Emission Measurement System on a diesel sports utility vehicle (SUV). From the analysis of these data, the reduction of emission guaranteed by the S/S system was found to be quite lower than the potential in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) test due to the limited activation of the S/S system in real driving tests. Moreover, the analysis put into evidence that the saving associated with the S/S could be counterbalanced by the engine restart especially if the stop time is shorter than a certain threshold
How has the consistency of the Common catalogue of varieties of vegetable species changed in the last ten years?
No full textIn the EU Countries, only the propagation organs of varieties that are distinct, stable, and uniform and with an appropriate value for cultivation or use may be marketed. For this reason, since 1972 the European community has implemented the “Common catalogue of varieties of vegetable species”, which incorporates the relevant national registers and includes 58 species. In this review, we consider the complete edition of “Common catalogue of varieties of vegetable species” of 2018 (37th edition) and 2008 (27th edition), in order to assess the changes that have occurred to several Countries, to species (specific and intraspecific diversity) and to propagation/seed type (hybrid varieties, open-pollinated varieties, agamic propagation varieties and “conservation varieties”). The most important Country is always The Netherlands, which in the 2018 Common catalogue holds 8350 varieties (40.4 % of total). The species with the greater number of varieties are tomato (3675 varieties), pepper (2216) and lettuce (2114). In the last ten years, the number of hybrid varieties has increased from 9507 to 11,871, while the common varieties have increased from 7683 to 7,706. In this review, we discuss such data in relation to the innovation that the horticultural sector has registered in recent years
The reconstructed natural history of type 1 diabetes mellitus
No full textThe causes of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are unclear; however, a general consensus exists that T1DM is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by the selective destruction of insulin-secreting β-cells. Now, two imaging mass cytometry studies of human pancreatic tissue illuminate new biology in the pathogenesis of T1DM
Editorial: Molecular Imaging of Inflammation/Infection: The Future of Disease Management
No full textIn the field of inflammation/infection imaging, nuclear medicine techniques offer non-invasive tools to detect early pathophysiological changes before the development of anatomical changes detected by radiological procedures and, often, before clinical onset of symptoms. This field has been recently developed with several new radiopharmaceuticals for SPECT and PET used to define new strategies for imaging immune cells as well as pathogens.
In particular, we count now several dozens of new radiopharmaceuticals designed for bacterial imaging and new peptides and antibodies for imaging neutrophils, T-cells, B-cells and macrophages.
These may have important applications not only for diagnostic purposes but also for prognostic purposes, therapy decision making and for early follow-up of therapy efficacy, thus allowing us to define specific therapies for each individual patient
Bandwidth management for ATM-based LANs
No full textIn this paper the bandwidth assignment criteria, well suited in ATM LANs environments, have been extensively examined. In particular. After a discussion of the various schemes, we analyzed the bandwidth advertising criterion both by analytical methods and simulation. The cell loss and packet loss probability have been evaluated as a function of the usual network parameters (number of users, packet length, burstiness, etc.), pointing out that the gain factor of the network (i.e., the number of multiplexed sources given the quality of service) is directly proportional to the source burstiness. This intuitive result can be efficiently exploited in ATM LAN environments, where, it is supposed that a significative portion of traffic comes from bursty user
Traduzione di Iacopo da Varazze, La Passione del Signore, La Resurrezione del Signore, Il ritrovamento della santa Croce
No full textTraduzione di alcuni capitoli della Leggenda Aurea di Iacopo da Varazze: La Passione del Signore, La Resurrezione del Signore e de Il ritrovamento della santa Croce. Gli autori delle traduzioni contenute nel volume sono indicati a p. X
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