19 research outputs found
On a reconstruction problem
No full textAbstractThis note supplements an earlier paper of this author, in which the concept of a strong k-hypomorphism between two graphs was defined (Thatte, 1990, Sectin VI). For k=1, this is just a hypomorphism. Here it is proved that strongly k-hypomorphic graphs and strongly k-edge hypomorphic directed graphs are isomorphic if k>1
Targeting the MLL1 gene as a form of cancer treatment for MLL1-Rearranged Leukemia
No full textThe Mixed Lineage Leukemia gene (MLL gene) is classified as a histone methyltransferase in the family of histone-modifying enzymes (Shilatifard 2012). It directly influences developmental regulation by controlling the gene expression necessary for embryonic and hematopoietic stem cell development (Shilatifard 2012). While the normal MLL1 gene, a member of the MLL gene family, functions in development, the mutated version has been found to lead to cancer.
With MLL1-rearranged leukemia, the first identified fusion partner of the MLL1 gene is TET1, a founding member of the TET family of enzymes. TET1 has shown to play an oncogenic role in the development of MLL1-rearranged leukemia by upregulating the transcription of the genes that are critical for the induction and maintenance of leukemia stem cells in MLL1-rearranged leukemia. Because TET1 plays an essential oncogenic role in MLL1-rearranged leukemia, there is potential for the TET1 gene to serve as a target in MLL1-rearranged leukemia treatment (Huang 2013). In this research, an altered epigenetic state has been initiated in MLL1-rearranged cells by inducing a TALE-TET1 fusion; by doing so, it was observed whether apoptosis increases in cells. The ultimate goal of this research is to evaluate the effectivity of epigenetic editing in treating MLL1-rearranged leukemia
A reconstruction problem related to balance equations II: The general case
No full textAbstractA modified k-deck of a graph G, first introduced in (Krasikov and Roditty, 1987), is obtained by removing k edges of G in all possible ways, and adding k (not necessarily new) edges in all possible ways. Krasikov and Roditty asked if it was possible to construct the usual k-edge deck of a graph from its modified k-deck. In (Thatte, to appear), the author solved this problem for the case when k = 1. In this paper, the problem is completely solved for arbitrary k. The proof makes use of the k-edge version of Lovász's result and the eigenvalues of certain matrix related to the Johnson graph
Fault Diagnosis of Semiconductor Random Access Memories
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Reason: Restricted to UIUC communityOpen Restriction set for Item 100821 on 2019-11-15T17:33:23Z with date null by [email protected] Services Electronics Program / DAAB-07-72-C-0259OpenCoordinated Science Laboratory was formerly known as Control Systems Laboratory"Author name appears as ""Satish Munkund Thatte"" in front matter
Provenance-based trust for grid computing: Position Paper
No full textCurrent evolutions of Internet technology such as Web Services, ebXML, peer-to-peer and Grid computing all point to the development of large-scale open networks of diverse computing systems interacting with one another to perform tasks. Grid systems (and Web Services) are exemplary in this respect and are perhaps some of the first large-scale open computing systems to see widespread use - making them an important testing ground for problems in trust management which are likely to arise. From this perspective, today's grid architectures suffer from limitations, such as lack of a mechanism to trace results and lack of infrastructure to build up trust networks. These are important concerns in open grids, in which "community resources" are owned and managed by multiple stakeholders, and are dynamically organised in virtual organisations. Provenance enables users to trace how a particular result has been arrived at by identifying the individual services and the aggregation of services that produced such a particular output. Against this background, we present a research agenda to design, conceive and implement an industrial-strength open provenance architecture for grid systems. We motivate its use with three complex grid applications, namely aerospace engineering, organ transplant management and bioinformatics. Industrial-strength provenance support includes a scalable and secure architecture, an open proposal for standardising the protocols and data structures, a set of tools for configuring and using the provenance architecture, an open source reference implementation, and a deployment and validation in industrial context. The provision of such facilities will enrich grid capabilities by including new functionalities required for solving complex problems such as provenance data to provide complete audit trails of process execution and third-party analysis and auditing. As a result, we anticipate that a larger uptake of grid technology is likely to occur, since unprecedented possibilities will be offered to users and will give them a competitive edge
Social Determinants of Health in Endoscopic Anterior Skull Base Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
No full textABSTRACT Background Social determinants of health (SDOH) have been extensively studied in multiple fields, but studies in endoscopic anterior skull base surgery are limited. Our systematic review examines studies analyzing SDOH and their association with endoscopic anterior skull base surgery outcomes. Methods This December 2023 systematic review surveyed literature via Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL using predefined syntax analyzing SDOH in endoscopic anterior skull base surgery outcomes. Two independent authors screened the titles, abstracts, and full text for eligibility of inclusion, with a third author resolving any conflicts that arose. Results Among 18 studies from 2015 to 2023, the most common SDOH included were insurance status (67%, n = 12), race and ethnicity (61%, n = 11), and SES (50%, n = 9). Common outcomes included rate of postoperative complications (67%, n = 12), length of stay (56%, n = 10), and 30‐day readmissions (39%, n = 7). Asian patients had higher odds of 30‐day readmission compared to White patients (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04–1.62, p = 0.02). Black patients had an increased risk of postoperative diabetes insipidus compared to White patients (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.09–1.59, p < 0.01). Medicaid patients had higher odds for 30‐day readmission (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.08–1.56, p < 0.01) and greater risk of postoperative diabetes insipidus (RR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.02–1.52, p = 0.03) compared to private insurance patients. Conclusions Several studies indicate that race and insurance status significantly influence rates for readmission and postoperative complications in endoscopic anterior skull base surgery. The heterogeneity of other SDOH suggests further research to consolidate the findings and explore potential links explaining the observed variations. Level of Evidence 3
Unfavourable results in pollicisation
No full textPollicisation of the index finger is perhaps one of the most complex and most rewarding operations in hand and plastic surgery. It however has a steep learning curve and demands very high skill levels and experience. There are multiple pitfalls and each can result in an unfavourable result. In essence we need to: Shorten the Index, recreate the carpo metacarpal joint from the metacarpo phalangeal (MP) joint, rotate the digit by about 120° for pulp to pulp pinch, palmarly abduct by 40-50° to get a new first web gap, Shorten and readjust the tension of the extensors, re attach the intrinsics to form a thenar eminence capable of positioning the new thumb in various functional positions and finally close the flaps forming a new skin envelope. The author has performed over 75 pollicisations personally and has personal experience of some of the issues raised there. The steps mentioned therefore are an algorithm for helping the uninitiated into these choppy waters
Normal Forms have Partial Types
No full textWe prove that every -term in normal form has one of Thatte's partial types. Keywords: Functional programming, partial types. Partial types for the pure -calculus [1] were introduced by Thatte in 1988 [5] as a way to type certain -terms that are untypable in the simply-typed - calculus. Any -term that has a simple type also has a partial type. Moreover, any -term that has a partial type is strongly normalizing [6]. Type inference for partial types can be performed in cubic time, as demonstrated by Kozen and Schwartzbach together with the present author [3]. Our algorithm improved the exponential time algorithm of O'Keefe and Wand [4]. In this paper we prove that every -term in normal form has a partial type. This property is shared by few other type systems, one example being the simple intersection types of Coppo and Giannini [2]. The set of partial types is defined by the grammar t ::=\Omega j t ! t Partial types are ordered by as follows: 1. t \Omega for any t; 2. s ! t s..
Association of Acid-Suppressive Medication and Antimicrobial Use in Infancy with Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis
No full textBackground/Objectives: The incidence of food allergies and other allergic diseases is rising. Emerging evidence links both antimicrobials and acid-suppressive therapy with gut dysbiosis, which is implicated in allergy development. We investigated the relationship between the use of acid-suppressive medications or antimicrobials in infancy and the risk of developing childhood allergic diseases. Methods: The US network in the TriNetX platform was used to identify patients prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), antimicrobials ≥1, or antimicrobials ≥3 times during their first year of life from October 2015 to January 2022. ICD-10 diagnoses were used to assess two-year outcomes of anaphylaxis, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis. A sub-analysis in gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) patients was also performed. Results: Risks of anaphylaxis and food allergy increased with the prescription of PPIs (risk ratio [95% CI], 2.49 [1.40–4.41], 5.33 [4.97–5.71]), H2RAs (4.48 [3.43–5.86], 4.21 [4.01–4.41]), and antimicrobials ≥1 (2.41 [2.13–2.72], 1.90 [1.86–1.94]), or ≥3 times (3.69 [3.12–4.37], 2.79 [2.70–2.88]). Risk of atopic dermatitis was increased in both H2RA (1.41 [1.35–1.48]) and antimicrobial groups (2.25 [2.22–2.28], 3.35 [3.29–3.41]), but not in the PPI group. In the GERD sub-analysis, anaphylaxis risk was not significantly different, food allergy risk was increased in both PPI (2.30 [2.08–2.53]) and H2RA groups (1.77 [1.63–1.92]), and atopic dermatitis decreased in the PPI group (0.76 [0.67–0.85]) but slightly increased in the H2RA group (1.11 [1.03–1.20]). Conclusions: Exposure to acid-suppressive or antimicrobial medications during infancy was associated with increased risk of food allergy and anaphylaxis in early childhood. In infants diagnosed with GERD, exposure to acid-suppressive medications was still associated with increased food allergy risk
Session 3J: Role of MLL (Mixed Lineage Leukemia) in tumorigenesis
No full textThe Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) gene is a methyltransferase that aids in the chromatin modification of developmental genes in humans. The presence of the mutated MLL gene has been associated with the development of cancer. Previous research indicates that in every cancer associated with the mutated MLL gene, there is one normal functioning copy of the MLL gene. Our goal in this research is to see if knocking out the MLL gene function decreases tumorigenesis. We will use the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system. The MLL gRNA molecules have been designed and will be composed into the correct CRISPR/Cas9 vector. This construct will be used to transfect a variety of human cell lines, starting with lung cancer cells. After the transfection, we will use the microscope to see how many cells are alive. The cells will be analyzed for apoptotic death using an apoptosis assay. This is because based on prior research, knocking out the MLL gene should induce apoptosis. We confirm the knocking out of MLL through genome sequencing. Based on the analysis, we want to see if there is greater apoptotic death in the cells that were treated with the vector in comparison with the control cells. We hope to use this data/research as a way of developing a MLL-targeted therapy for leukemia and other solid cancers
