7 research outputs found
Fetomaternal outcomes beyond 40 weeks of gestation: a retrospective study
No full textBackground: Pregnancies extending beyond 40 weeks, categorized as late-term (40–41+6 weeks) or post-term (≥42 weeks), are associated with increased risks of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aims to evaluate and compare fetomaternal outcomes in late-term and post-term pregnancies.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Chettinad health and research institute. Medical records of 300 women aged 18-45 years, who delivered after 40 weeks of gestation between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2023, were analyzed. Exclusion criteria included teenage pregnancies, elderly gravida (>45 years), past caesarean sections, and breech/transverse presentations. Data on demographic characteristics, induction methods, maternal and neonatal outcomes, and complications were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.
Results: Out of 300 participants, 225 (75%) delivered at late-term, while 75 (25%) delivered post-term. Caesarean delivery rates were higher in post-term pregnancies (55%) compared to late-term (35%) (p<0.01). Maternal complications, including postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) (15%), perineal tears (10%), and uterine rupture (5%), were significantly more prevalent in post-term pregnancies (p<0.05). Neonatal complications were also higher in post-term deliveries, with increased rates of macrosomia (30% vs. 15%), NICU admissions (27% vs. 15%), and meconium-stained amniotic fluid (40% vs. 20%) (p<0.01). Stillbirths were exclusive to post-term pregnancies (7%).
Conclusions: Post-term pregnancies are associated with significantly higher maternal and neonatal risks compared to late-term pregnancies. Timely induction of labor and enhanced surveillance in pregnancies beyond 40 weeks are crucial to minimizing complications. These findings support the implementation of evidence-based management strategies to improve fetomaternal outcomes in prolonged pregnancies
Awareness, knowledge about breast feeding practices among urban mothers
No full textBackground: The knowledge and awareness about breast feeding practices is influenced by educational qualification, type of family and support from the family. Till date in India under- 5 mortality rate is mostly due to improper nutrition to the children since birth and infectious diseases among children. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and awareness about breast feeding practices among urban women attending a tertiary care hospital Chennai, India.
Methods: This hospital based; prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 antenatal women who visited a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. The data regarding the knowledge and awareness about breast feeding practices was collected.
Results: Knowledge about breast feeding practices like time of initiation, food that facilitate the secretion of breast milk is more among educated mothers. The type of family also showed a significant effect on the awareness about breast feeding. Proper posture of breast feeding was also not known to most of the antenatal mothers.
Conclusions: Antenatal women had poor knowledge about the posture of breast feeding, but awareness about the initiation of breast feeding, period of breast feeding and weaning period was satisfactory. Awareness about breast milk banking and storage of breast milk was also poor
Severity of Menopausal Symptoms in Women Posthysterectomy at a Tertiary Care Hospital,Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study
No full textIntroduction: Menopause, a natural occurrence in women’s lives, is characterised by a drop in ovarian hormones, oestrogen, and progesterone levels. Sudden hypoestrogenic state, that is caused by hysterectomy leads to the development of menopausal symptoms.
Aim: To assess the occurrence and severity of menopausal symptoms in women who underwent hysterectomy for benign gynaecologic conditions.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India, over a period of three months. The study included 100 women in the age group of 35-55 years who had undergone hysterectomy for benign conditions were invited to participate in the study. Those who agreed to the study and completed the questionnaire after six weeks and three months postoperatively were included in this study. Menopausal symptoms and severity were assessed using modified Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) scale. Posthysterectomy menopausal symptoms at six weeks and three months were compared using Chi-square test.
Results: The mean age of the study participants was 45.85±6.24 years. Most of them, 52 (52%) had heavy menstrual bleeding, 28 (28%) of the study participants had no associated co-morbidities. A total of 54 (54%) of the women of this study was diagnosed as Abnormal Uterine Bleeding-Leiomyomas (AUB-L). Majority 76 (76%) of them had undergone total abdominal hysterectomy with or without bilateral salphingoopherectomy. Mean duration of hospital stay 7.48±2.02 days. Postoperative diet of these women included calcium containing foods 57 (57%), iron containing foods 68 (68%). There was a statistically significant difference in majority of menopausal symptoms like hot flushes, palpitations, night sweats, reduced duration of sleep, anxiety, lack of interest in sex, forgetfulness and joint and muscle pains between six weeks and three months postoperatively.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that the symptoms of hot flushes, difficulty in urinating, anxiety, joint and muscle pain was significantly higher at six weeks when compared to three months
A comparative study of spontaneously conceived twin pregnancies vs. twins conceived by assisted reproductive techniques and their maternal and perinatal outcomes: a prospective observational study
No full textBackground: The utilization of assisted reproductive techniques has led to a notable increase in the incidence of twin pregnancies. Neonates from multifetal gestations also make up a disproportionate percentage of very-low-birthweight newborns and have increased risks of having congenital malformations and preterm birth. This study was done to compare the maternal and and perinatal outcomes of spontaneously conceived twins and those twins conceived by assisted reproductive techniques.
Methods: The present hospital based observational study was done at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, India over a period of 36 months between February 2021 to January 2024 among pregnant women with twin gestation attending the outpatient department during the study period. 50 antenatal mothers with twin pregnancy and 50 pairs of twins were studied. Convenient sampling technique was adopted. The subjects were followed up from the booking visit, till the postpartum discharge day. Any adverse maternal, foetal, neonatal outcomes and the treatment given were studied.
Results: The mean birth weight among those with spontaneous conception and assisted reproductive techniques conception was 2.23±0.46 kgs and 2.02±0.51 kgs, respectively. Both the groups were similar with regard to the birth weight. 6.6% babies from the spontaneous conception group and 5% from the assisted reproductive techniques conception group were admitted for respiratory distress and rest from both the groups got admitted for sepsis. The mean duration of hospital stay was 3.58±2.40 days for the spontaneous conception group and 3.75±2.71 days for assisted reproductive techniques conception.
Conclusions: This study concludes that the maternal and fetal outcomes of twin deliveries conceived spontaneously or through assisted reproductive techniques do not differ significantly in their outcome
Role of pipelle versus dilatation and curettage in tissue diagnosis abnormal uterine bleeding
No full textBackground: Menstrual irregularities and abnormal heavy menstruation account for up to 26-35% of women attending Gynecological outpatient Department. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB), it is more common at extremes of age endometrial hyperplasia occurs in 5-10% of patients with post-menopausal bleeding out of which atypical hyperplasia has 26-32 % risk of having malignancy in future. Therefore, endometrial sampling for histopathology is important in the assessment of abnormal uterine bleeding is mandatory. Our study was conductive to know the effectiveness of pipelle type devices, versus Dilatation and curettage in obtaining quality endometrial tissue for histopathological examination.Methods: The study was undertaken in Department of obstetrics and gynaecology along with department of Pathology at Rajarshi Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj, government medical college, Kolhapur after getting approval from the Hospital Committee on Clinical Research and Ethical Committee of the institution, during the period from October 2016 to March 2017 (six months). Total number of subjects included in study is Hundred after taking into consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The ease of doing procedure was much easier as compared to D&C and the Tissue sample obtained for histopathological examination were as par D&C. It was concluded that histopathology report was available in 92 of the 100 pipelle samples and 93 of 100 D&C samples. It was also, observed that increased endometrial thickness was not always associated with adequate tissue diagnosis.Conclusions: Pipelle is simple, affordable, patient friendly can be easily performed with minimal training, which can be performed in Outpatient Gynaecological Department. The diagnostic value and positive predictive value of Pipelle is at par with conventional D&C. So, pipelle can be recommended for all perimenopausal patients with AUB to rule out various, premalignant and malignant conditions of the endometrium
Impact of meconium-stained amniotic fluid on mode of delivery and maternal and neonatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital: a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: Meconium-stained amniotic fluid during labour has been long considered the predictor of adverse foetal outcomes such as meconium aspiration syndrome and perinatal asphyxia, which leads to perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Hence this study was done to compare the mode of delivery and neonatal complications among deliveries complicated by meconium-stained liquor with that of clear liquor.
Methods: The present study was a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, India. The study was carried out for a period between February 2022 and January 2023 among the pregnant women, who were admitted for delivery.
Results: A total of 110 deliveries with meconium-stained liquor was included and out of whom, 57% (63) were with thin meconium and 43% (47) had thick meconium. It was observed that 25.5% of the babies born out of thick MSL needed ICU admission for resuscitation efforts whereas 7.9% babies born out of thin MSL needed NICU admission.
Conclusions: The study observed that deliveries associated with thick meconium-stained liquor were at an increased risk of respiratory distress of the child, NICU admission in the child and were prone for more emergency LSCS when compared to thin MSL deliveries
