83,902 research outputs found
Ab initio quantum mechanical investigation of the reaction mechanisms for the formation of C7H(7)(+) from o-, m-, and p-chlorotoluene radical cations
No full textThe reaction pathways to C7H(7)(+)(tolyl, benzyl, and tropylium) from o-, m-, and p-chlorotoluene radical cations have been studied at the SCF level of theory using the DZ and DZP basis sets. The equilibrium structures and relative energies for the local minima and transition states have been fully optimized and the harmonic vibrational frequencies have been evaluated to differentiate the local minimum and the transition state. The lowest barrier rearrangement pathway is the formation of the benzyl cation for all three isomers, corroborating the recent experimental findings of Kim and Shin. This benzyl channel involves [1,3] alpha-hydrogen migration at the entrance and the activation energy is calculated to be 40.3, 39.7, and 42.2 kcal mol(-1) for the o-, m-, and p-isomer, respectively. The other competing rearrangement pathway involves [1,2] alpha-hydrogen migration at the entrance, which leads to the tropylium ion, and the activation barrier is predicted to be 55.5, 54.2, and 56.62 kcal mol(-1) for the o-, m-, and p-isomer, respectively. The highest barrier process involves direct C-Cl bond cleavage that yields the tolyl cation with a 0 K dissociation energy of 61.6, 64.6, and 68.92 kcal mol(-1) for the o-, m-, and p-isomer, respectively.X1199sciescopu
Asteriza blakeae Shin, Chaboo & Clark, new species
No full text<i>Asteriza blakeae</i> Shin, Chaboo & Clark, new species <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> This species differs from the other three species by its coloration of the pronotal lateral margin, the elytral lateral margin and the femora. The pronotum (Figs. 7–8) is nearly as wide as the elytral base; in dorsal view it forms a nearly regular oval together with the elytra. The pronotal lateral margin is reddish brown and translucent; the elytral margin (Figs. 49–50) is also reddish and translucent without black coloration. The femora (Fig. 9) are mostly or entirely reddish brown.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> <i>Adult</i>: Male (n=3) length 9.0–9.5 mm, width 7.0–8.0 mm; female (n=7) length 9.8–11.3 mm, width 8.2–9.0 mm. Body (Figs. 7–8), oval or slightly discontinuous between pronotum and elytra, broadest at middle in dorsal view; profile hemispherical, highest at middle (Figs. 18–19). Head entirely concealed in dorsal view; gena and subgena black or dark reddish-brown (Fig. 31). Pronotum (Figs. 7–8) hemispherical with posteromedial angle in dorsal view; blotch pattern same as in <i>A</i>. <i>flavicornis</i>; lateral edges reddish, often translucent. Thoracic sterna shiny, black, flattened medially. Elytra (Figs. 7–8, 49–50) color mottled, black with irregular brown spots, shiny, punctate, with distinct lateral bulging areas; pale color ranging from yellowish-brown to reddish-brown; lateral margin reddish and transparent without black coloration. Legs (Fig. 9) shiny, reddish with coxae black. Spermatheca (Fig. 68) with inner margin long and narrow.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype: Male. <b>Dominican Republic: Prov. Barahona:</b>, Eastern Sierra Bahoruco, Reserva Cachote 12.8 km NE, Paraiso, 18˚ 05’ 54”N, 71˚ 11’ 21 W, Alt. 1230m, 12 21 2004, C. Young, C, Nunez, J. Rawlins, J. Fetzner, Cloud forest with tree ferns, yellow pan trap (CMNH). Paratypes (7 specimens): <b>Dominican Republic: Prov. Barahona:</b> Eastern Sierra Bahoruco, Reserva Cachote 12.8 km NE, Paraiso, 18˚ 05’ 54”N, 71˚ 11’ 21 W, Alt. 1230m, 12 21 2004, C. Young, C, Nunez, J. Rawlins, J. Fetzner, Cloud forest with tree ferns, yellow pan trap (CMNH: male, 3 females; BYU: 1 female); Eastern Sierra Bahoruco, Reserva Cachote 12.8 km NE, Paraiso, 18˚ 05’ 52 N, 71˚ 11’ 19 W, 1198 m, 19–21 V 2004, C. Young, C, Nunez, J. Rawlins, J. Fetzner, semi-disturbed wet broadleaf, UV light (CMNH: 3 females);ca. 35 km N. Cabo Rojo, Las Abejas, 1250 m, 0 9 Sep 1988, M. Ivie, Philips & Johnson (WIBF: 1 male).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species epithet honors Doris H. Blake (1892–1978) for her valuable contributions on Caribbean Chrysomelidae (Froeschner <i>et al</i>. 1981; Bevelheimer 2007).</p>Published as part of <i>Shin, Chulwoo, Chaboo, Caroline S. & Clark, Shawn M., 2012, Revision of the endemic Hispaniolan genus Asteriza Chevrolat, 1836, with description of two new species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Ischyrosonychini), pp. 34-53 in Zootaxa 3227</i> on pages 48-49, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/280316">10.5281/zenodo.280316</a>
A comparison of as-fatigue and Re-consolidation Residual Properties of Notched Quasi-isotropic [0/45/90/-45]2s and Cross-ply [0/90]4s AS4/PEEK Composite Laminates
No full textAn Improved Cohesive Zone Model for Residual Notched Strength Prediction of Composite Laminates with Different Orthotropic Lay-ups
No full textFictitious Crack Growth Model and Residual Strength Prediction Of Composite Laminates with Sharp Notches
No full textResidual Properties of Notched [0/90]4s AS4/PEEK Composite Laminates after fatigue and re-consolidation
No full textErratum to: Effect of moderate red wine intake on cardiac prognosis after recent acute myocardial infarction of subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Diabetic Medicine, (2006), 23, 9, (974-981), 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01886.x)
No full textIn an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola.In an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola
Asteriza tainosa Shin, Chaboo & Clark, new species
No full textAsteriza tainosa Shin, Chaboo & Clark, new species Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by the coloration and swollen maxillary and labial palpi. The elytra (Figs. 4–5, 47– 48) are mainly tan with black punctures and the anterolateral angle of the male elytra is less acute than in other species. Maxillary palpomeres III–IV (Fig. 34) and labial palpomere III (Fig. 38) are more swollen than in other Asteriza species. The frontoclypeus (Fig. 30) is finely and shallowly punctate, brown, and usually divided by a mesal sulcus. Description. Adult: Male (n= 85) length 9.0–9.5 mm, width 7.0–8.0 mm; female (n= 110) length 10.0–11.5 mm, width 8.0–9.0 mm. Body oval, slightly discontinuous between pronotum and elytra, broadest at middle bulging area of elytra; profile (Figs. 16–17) hemispherical, highest at middle of elytra. Head entirely concealed in dorsal view; gena and subgena (Fig. 30) pale brown to brown. Maxillary palpomere III as long as broad; palpomere IV swollen, 1.5 times broader than long (Fig. 34). Labial palpomere III 1.5 times as long as broad; ligula with apex slightly angled (Fig. 38). Frontoclypeus finely and shallowly punctate, brown, usually divided by mesal sulcus (Fig. 30). Pronotum (Figs. 42–43) hemispherical in dorsal view with postero-medial angle; dorsum smooth and shiny; anterior margin slightly convex, translucent; lateral margin broader posteriad, slightly depressed with edges curved upward; yellow blotch pattern of pronotum more extensive than in other species. Thoracic sterna (Figs. 43, 46) shiny, black, medially flattened. Elytra tan, with each puncture and closely surrounding area black (Figs. 47– 48). Legs shiny, reddish brown, with trochanters and proximal half of femora black (Fig. 6). Spermatheca falcate with inner margin curved; part near opening more sclerotized than in other Asteriza species (Fig. 67). Type material. Holotype: Male. Dominican Republic: Prov. Independencia: Sierra de Bahoruco, North Slope, 13.5 km S.E. Puerto Escondido, N 18 ˚ 12 ’ 18, W 71 ˚ 31 ’08 W, Alt 1807 m, May 22–23 2004, C. Young, J. Fetzner, J. Rawlins, C. Nunez, Broadleaf Pinus, dense woodland, hand collecting (CMNH). Paratypes (192 specimens): Dominican Republic: Prov. Independencia: Rd 191 Around Caseta No. 1, Parque Nacional Sierra de Bahoruce, 1,239 m, 18 ˚ 16 0 38 N, 71 ˚ 32 ’ 691 W. 11–12 XII 2003, D. Perez, R. Bastardo, B. Hierro (AMNH: 1 male, 2 females); Sierra de Bahoruco, North Slope, 13.5 km SE, Puerto Escondido, 18 ˚ 12 ’ 18 N, 71 ˚ 31 ’08 W, Alt 1807 m, May 22–23 2004, C. Young, J. Fetzner, J. Rawlins, C. Nunez, Broadleaf Pinus, dense woodland, hand collecting (CMNH: 11 males, 16 females); Prov. Moncion Prov.: Manoncito, Santiago Rodriguez, R.D. 25 V 1980 (MHND: 41 males, 49 females); Prov. Monte Cristi: 5–9 km N. Villa Elisa 26 V 1992, col. M.C. Thomas (MHND: 2 males; FSCA: 1 male, 2 females); 5 km N. Villa Elisa 3 VI 1994, col. M.C. Thomas, (FSCA: 1 male); Prov. Puerto Plata: La Ceiba, Luperon, Rd. 21 XI 1981, col. Marcano (MHND: 1 male); Prov. Sabaneta: Los Ingenitos, Santiago Rodriguez r. d. 6 VII 1980 (MHND: 5 males, 8 females); Rio Gurabo Stgo Rdguez R.D. 5 VII 1980, col. Marcano (MHND: 1 male); Gurabo, Santiago Rodriguez, R.D. 5 VII 1980, col. Mota-Aquino (MHND: 5 males, 8 females); Sabana Las Caobas, STGO, R. D. 25 V 1980, col. Marcano, Abud-Mota and Reaynoso-Aquino (MHND: 7 males, 10 females); Sabana Las Caobas, STGO, R. D. 6 VII 1980, col. Marcano, Abud-Mota and Reaynoso-Aquino (MHND: 2 female); Prov. Santiago: D: 1 male); Gurabo, Santiago Rodriguez, R.D. 5 VII 1980, col. Mota-Aquino (MHND: 5 males, 8 females); Sabana Las Caobas, STGO, R. D. 25 V 1980, col. Marcano, Abud-Mota and Reaynoso-Aquino (MHND: 7 males, 10 females); Sabana Las Caobas, STGO, R. D. 6 VII 1980, col. Marcano, Abud-Mota and Reaynoso-Aquino (MHND: 2 female); Prov. Santiago: S.J. Matas, Canafistol, Rd 25 V 1980, col. Marcano (MHND: 1 male); La Celestina S.J. Matas,, Rd. 30 VIII 1980 col. Marcano (MHND: 1 female); Prov. Valverde: El Cereado, Valverde, R.D. 2 I 1982, col. Marcano (MHND: 2 males, 2 females); Haiti: Prov. Sud-Est Massif de La Selle Morne d’Enfer 1850 m, 15 V 1984, M.C. Thomas (FSCA; 1 male, 1 female); Parc National La Visite vicinity park headquarter, 1880 m, 23 V 1984, col. M.C. Thomas (FSCA: 3 males, 8 females); Parc National La Visite between Park headquarter & Morne d’Enfer, 14 V 1984, M.C. Thomas (FSCA: 1 female). Etymology. The species epithet is derived from the name Taínos, the original tribal inhabitants of Hispaniola before the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World (Saunders 2005).Published as part of Shin, Chulwoo, Chaboo, Caroline S. & Clark, Shawn M., 2012, Revision of the endemic Hispaniolan genus Asteriza Chevrolat, 1836, with description of two new species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Ischyrosonychini), pp. 34-53 in Zootaxa 3227 on pages 45-47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28031
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