281 research outputs found
Epigenetic Regulation of Sonic Hedgehog Determines Basal and Lumenal Subtypes of Urothelial Carcinoma by Eliciting Stromal Production of Differentiation Factors
No full text2
Datasets, tasks, and training methods for large-scale hypergraph learning
No full textRelations among multiple entities are prevalent in many fields, and hypergraphs are widely used to represent such group relations. Hence, machine learning on hypergraphs has received considerable attention, and especially much effort has been made in neural network architectures for hypergraphs (a.k.a., hypergraph neural networks). However, existing studies mostly focused on small datasets for a few single-entity-level downstream tasks and overlooked scalability issues, although most real-world group relations are large-scale. In this work, we propose new tasks, datasets, and scalable training methods for addressing these limitations. First, we introduce two pair-level hypergraph-learning tasks to formulate a wide range of real-world problems. Then, we build and publicly release two large-scale hypergraph datasets with tens of millions of nodes, rich features, and labels. After that, we propose PCL, a scalable learning method for hypergraph neural networks. To tackle scalability issues, PCL splits a given hypergraph into partitions and trains a neural network via contrastive learning. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that hypergraph neural networks can be trained for large-scale hypergraphs by PCL while outperforming 16 baseline models. Specifically, the performance is comparable, or surprisingly even better than that achieved by training hypergraph neural networks on the entire hypergraphs without partitioning.
Epigenetic Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling to the Stroma Determines the Molecular Subtype of Bladder Cancer
No full text2
EPIGENETICALLY REGULATED HEDGEHOG SIGNALING TO STROMA DETERMINES MOLECULAR SUBTYPE OF HUMAN BLADDER TUMOR INITIATING CELLS
No full text1
Interleukin-5 suppresses Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-induced angiogenesis through STAT5 signaling
No full textInterleukin-5 (IL-5) is best known as key regulator in eosinophil-associated diseases such as asthma. While a connection to vascular changes in eosinophil-associated lung diseases is still elusive, recent evidence suggests that IL-5 may have an atheroprotective role. Here, we report an unexpected anti-angiogenic potential of IL-5 on vascular endothelial cells in vitro. IL-5 significantly inhibited fundamental functions of human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-L) in vessel formation including VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. Knockdown (KD) of STAT5 abolished the direct anti-angiogenic effect of IL-5 on VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd1
Characteristics of flow velocity and flame speed in a turbulent channel flow for lean hydrogen flames
No full textDirect numerical simulations of lean premixed V-shaped hydrogen flames in a turbulent channel flow were conducted to study the characteristics of flow velocity and flame speed in lean hydrogen flames. In addition, a robust method to extract the laminar flame speed (SL) and the flow velocity just upstream of the flame front, called the approaching flow velocity (uapp) on a moving flame, was developed using the G-equation framework. The results show that SL and uapp are considerably affected by the flame front topology. The flame front is categorized into (i) the front-facing flame bulge (FFB), which refers to regions where the flame front is convex toward reactants and faces upstream, and (ii) the flame cusps (FC), which refer to regions with negative curvature. Since flashback corresponds to the relative movement of the flame, the characteristics of flashback can be studied intuitively by investigating the correlation between SL and uapp. The analysis employs a direct flashback indicator, termed the flashback velocity (uFB), defined as the difference between the x-components of the approaching flow velocity (uapp,x) and the flame speed (SL,x). An analysis of the quantified probabilities shows that uFB is scattered and can become negative (local flashback), which occurs mainly in FC regions. Flames in FC regions cannot cause global flame flashback, as flame cusps are inherently located on the rear side of the flame and are quickly destroyed by flame folding. Conversely, uFB in FFB regions tends to be skewed negatively, implying that FFB would propagate upstream relative to the average flame movement. When the flame in FFB regions propagates upstream, its topology remains bulged and continues to propagate upstream, meaning that negative uFBin FFB regions would be a strong attractor for global flame flashback.
The estimation of ground-level nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) concentrations using Real-Time Learning (RTL)-based machine learning approach
No full textDepartment of Urban and Environmental Engineering (Environmental Science and Engineering)Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) are the significant components of gaseous air pollutants that have harmful effects on human health. The monitoring and analysis of air pollutant exposure and persistence, and short-term forecasts are necessary for efficient public health management. In this study, the estimation model for the ground-level O3 and NO2 concentrations was developed which are spatially continuous over the land and ocean. The ground-level estimation was developed using the RTL-based machine learning technique with various satellite data and numerical model data as input variables. Three models were tested to build an accurate model using the most available data. 1) the ocean model using only ocean variables that have values for all regions2) the land model using all available data with assigning constant values to ocean variables3) the combined model that combines the results of the ocean model for sea area and the results of the land model for land area. Since NO2 and O3 have a relatively short lifespan, the real-time learning model is effective in estimating accurate ground-level concentrations.ope
???????????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ??????
No full textDepartment of Urban and Environmental Engineering (Environmental Science and Engineering)clos
Identification of Non-Ideal Receiver Condition for Orbital Angular Momentum Transmission
No full textAlthough orbital angular momentum (OAM) was first introduced for optical communications, it is drawing attention as a new transmission technique for millimeter wave communication. Due to the additional orthogonal transmit dimension by photon OAM, the theoretical throughput can increase dramatically with various OAM modes. In practice, since OAM by uniform circular arrays (UCAs) has the implementation problem such as twisted axis between transmitter and receiver, the performance degradation happens frequently. Hence, this paper investigates the imperfect receiver condition and the effect of this problem. In particular, the off-axis and non-parallel location problems are focused. Here, the capacity with inter-mode interference (IMI) of OAM is first considered and the receiver compensation method is proposed. Numerical results show that the throughput after compensation is better than that without compensation
Wavelength-decoupled geometric metasurfaces by arbitrary dispersion control
No full textConventional multicolor metaholograms suffer from the fundamental limitations of low resolution and irreducible noise because the unit structure functionality is still confined to a single wavelength. Here, we propose wavelength-decoupled metasurfaces that enables to control chromatic phase responses independently in a full range from 0 to 2�� for each wavelength. The propagation phase associated with the geometric phase of rectangular dielectric nanostructures plays a critical role to embed a dual phase response into a single nanostructure. A multicolor metahologram is also demonstrated to verify the feasibility of our method that breaks through the fundamental constraints of conventional multicolor metaholograms. Our approach can be extended to achieve complete control of chromatic phase responses in the visible for general dual-wavelength diffractive optical elements. ? 2019, The Author(s).11Ysciescopu
- …
