132,198 research outputs found
Phyllomya palpalis Shima & Chao 1992
No full textPhyllomya palpalis Shima & Chao, 1992 (Figs 36, 48, 66, 83) Phyllomya palpalis Shima & Chao, 1992: 636. Holotype male (KIZ, examined). Type locality: China, Yunnan, Deqin, Weixi. Diagnosis. Head almost holoptic in male, dichoptic in female, female vertex about 0.28 of head width; parafacial with only several fine hairs on upper portion; arista long plumose, total width including plumosity wider than postpedicel; palpus reddish-yellow; 2 presutural and 2 postsutural acrostichal setae; 3 presutural and 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae; 2 katepisternal setae; costa bare above, haired below; mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal setae; hind tibia with 3 preapical dorsal setae; male claws and pulvilli longer than 5th tarsomere. Redescription. Body length: 6.8–8.1 mm. Male. Terminalia: Sixth tergite entire, weakly concave on anterior margin, without hair; surstylus wide, nearly parallel-sided, apex nearly truncated and faintly curved ventrally; cerci in dorsal view broad along basal portion and narrowed at basal 2/5, mid-dorsal suture weak but distinct along basal portion, in lateral view weakly constricted at basal 2/5; pregonite weakly pointed near middle; postgonite not extending beyond apex of epiphallus; dorsal sclerite of distiphallus long, apical portion weakly swollen, distal membranous portion short, nearly 1/4 as long as dorsal sclerite. Type material examined. Holotype ♂: [China] Weixi [in Chinese] / 15.ix.1983 / Y. Zhou [in Chinese] (KIZ). Paratypes: China, Yunnan: 1 ♂, same locality as holotype, 28.viii.1983, D. Dong (KUM); 1 ♀, Weixi, Pan- tiange, 2900 m, 21.vii.1981, X. Zhang (IZCAS). Distribution. China (Yunnan). Remarks. This species resembles P. aristalis from Japan, but differs for palpus yellowish, parafacial sparsely haired and katepisternum with 2 setae. It appears to occur in mid-summer at high elevations in southwest China.Published as part of Shima, Hiroshi, Zhang, Wenxia & Tachi, Takuji, 2022, A systematic study of Old World Phyllomya Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae), pp. 401-449 in Zootaxa 5099 (4) on pages 430-431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5099.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/609181
Dinera fuscata Zhang & Shima 2006, sp. nov.
No full textDinera fuscata sp. nov. Figs. 23–25 Diagnosis Slender species, vertex narrow, usually 3+3 dc, wing without costal spine, abdominal syntergite 1+2 excavated only at base and with 2 strong median marginal setae, tergites 3 and 4 each mostly with median discal setae. Body length 5.5–8.8 mm. Description Male. Head black in ground color, gena reddish brown below eye, with grayish white pruinosity; frontal vitta black, lunule pale brown; antenna black; arista brown, paler on aristomere 3; palpus dark brown to black, rarely dark yellowish. Vertex 1/9–1/11 head width; frontal vitta widened anteriorly, about twice as wide as frontoorbital plate at middle; parafacial weakly widened below, 2.5–3 times as wide as flagellomere 1 at middle height; gena about 2/5 eye height; facial carina high and arched in lateral view, rather narrow and rounded on anterior surface; lower margin of face distinctly protruding forward. Inner vertical seta fine and short, about 2/5 eye height; outer vertical seta indistinct; ocellar seta strong, about 1.5 times as long as inner vertical seta; frontoorbital plate bare outside row of frontal setae; 9–11 inclinate frontal setae; parafacial bare; vibrissa inserted slightly above level of lower margin of face; occiput with 2–3 rows of black hairs behind postocular setae. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by about length of pedicel; base of antenna at the level of lower 1/4 of eye height; pedicel with a long seta that is slightly shorter than flagellomere 1; flagellomere 1 3.5–4 times as long as wide; total width of arista including plumosity about twice as wide as flagellomere 1. Palpus subequal in length to antenna; prementum 0.7–0.8 times as long as eye height. Thorax black in ground color, with grayish white pruinosity; dorsum with 3 black longitudinal vittae, median vitta broad, about 1.5 times as wide as outer vitta, extending to posterior 1/3 of postsutural scutum, outer vitta extending to posterior 1/4; scutellum with grayish pruinosity, darkened at base. Postpronotal lobe with 4–5 setae; 1–2+2 ac; 3+3–4 dc, if 4 postsutural setae present, then 2nd seta fine; 0+2 ia; 3 sa; scutellum with basal seta about 2.5 times as long as scutellum and subequal in length to subapical seta, apical scutellar seta rather fine, slightly shorter than twice as long as scutellum; discal seta suberect, slightly longer than scutellum. Wing hyaline, evenly and weakly tinged with pale brown; tegula black; basicosta reddish yellow; lower calypter dull yellowish white. Costal spine absent; relative length of second, third and fourth sections of costa approximately as 1:2:1; vein M from dmcu crossvein to its bend about 3 times as long as distance between the bend and wing margin. Legs black; pulvilli yellowish. Fore tibia with a row of 4–5 fine ad on basal 3/5 and 2 submedian p; mid tibia with 1–2 ad (usually 1), 3–4 pd and 1 v; hind tibia with a row of 4–8 irregular ad, 2–3 pd and 2 v, apical pv about 1/ 2 of av length. Abdomen long ovate in shape, black in ground color, with grayish white pruinosity, the pruinosity with tessellated appearance and brownish on median portion of each tergite. Syntergite 1+2 excavated only on basal 1/2. Hairs on abdominal dorsum long and rather sparse, erect and strong on lateral portion of tergites 3 and 4, syntergite 1+2 with 2 strong erect median marginal and 1 long and strong lateral marginal setae, 2–3 additional long decumbent setae present on each side; tergite 3 with 2 median marginal, 2 median discal and 1–2 lateral marginal setae, or with a complete row of marginal and fine and weak decumbent discal setae; tergite 4 with 2 or irregular discal setae and a row of marginal setae; discal setae on tergites 3 and 4 arranged on posterior portion of each tergite and sometimes decumbent, rarely absent; tergite 5 with rows of strong marginal and discal setae. Male terminalia. Distal half of cerci distinctly narrowed, pointed apically; surstylus wide and extending beyond cerci, and narrowed apically in dorsal view and bluntly rounded at apex in lateral view; pregonite long and bent posteriorly; postgonite slightly shorter than basiphallus; distiphallus slender, membranous apical part about 2.5 times as long as sclerotized basal part; aedeagal apodeme slender, pointed apically. Female. Vertex 1/3–2/5 head width; frontal vitta about twice as wide as frontoorbital plate at middle; gena 0.56–0.64 eye height; inner vertical seta strong, about 1/2 eye height; outer vertical seta short but strong, about 1/2 as long as inner vertical seta; 1 outwardly directed prevertical seta, subequal in length to outer vertical seta; 2 strong and subequally long proclinate orbital setae, almost as long as ocellar seta; 6–8 inclinate frontal setae; ocellar seta 3/4 as long as inner vertical seta. Mid tibia always with 1 ad; hind tibia with 3–4 pd; claw and pulvillus shorter than fifth tarsomere. Abdomen ovate, with rather thin grayish white pruinosity, posterolateral portion of tergites 3 and 4 black; hairs shorter than in male and recumbent except on lateral portion; syntergite 1+2 rarely lacking median marginal seta; median discal seta absent on tergites 3 and 4. Type material Holotype ♂, JAPAN, Mt. Yatsugatake, 1500 m, Nagano, Honshu, 30.vii.1998, H. Shima (BLKU). Paratypes JAPAN. Honshu: 2 males, 1 female, Tchinomata, Nagano, 1700 m, Azumimura, 31.vii.1989, S. Shinonaga; 1 male, Yarisawa, Nakano, 2100 m, Azumimura 3.viii.1989, S. Shinonaga; 1 male, Tokugotoge, Nakano, 1900 m, Azumimura 2.viii.1989, S. Shinonaga; 1 male, 1 female, Myojin, Nagano, 1500 m, Azumimura, 31.vii.1989, S. Shinonaga; 1 male, Nagano, Azumi vil., Nakanoyu, 2.ix.1996, M. Sueyoshi; 1 male, Nagano, Asahi vil., Mt. Hachimori, 25.vii.1998, T. Tachi; 33 males, Nagano, Minamimaki vil., Mt. Yatsugadake, 1500 m, 30.vii.1998, T. Tachi; 18 males, 5 females, Nagano, Mt.Yatsugadake, 1500 m, 30.vii.1998, H. Shima; 1 male, Nagano, Azumi vil., Shimashimadani, 31.v.1998, T. Tachi; 2 males, Okambazawa, 1500–2000 m, S. Jpn. Alps, 25–26.vii.1986, H. Shima; 25 males, Hirogawara, Yamanashi, 14.vii.1994, T. Tachi; 20 males, Hirogawara, Yamanashi, 2–3.viii.1995, T. Tachi; 2 males, Yamanashi, Ashiyasu vil., Hirogawa, 19.viii.1997, T. Tachi; 2 males, Yamanashi, Ashiyasu vil., Hirogawara, 1500 m, 31.vii.1998, T. Tachi; 1 male, Yamanashi, Ashiyasu vil., S. Jpn Alps, 13.vii.1996, T. Tachi; 4 males, 1 female, Nagano, Chino, Karasawa Pass, 31.viii.1996, M. Sueyoshi; 1 female, Gifu, Kamitakara vil., 1.ix.1996, M. Sueyoshi; 1 male, Niigata, Itoigawa Renge spa, 16.viii.1997, T. Tachi; 1 female, Niigata, Renge spa., 1300–1470 m, 27.vii.1998, H. Shima. CHINA. Shaanxi: 7 males, Zuoshui, Yingpan forestry station, 1850 m, 10.vii.1997, H. Shima; 1 male, Fuping, Dadianzi, 1850–2000 m, 5 km N of Donghetai, 8.viii.1997, H. Shima; Sichuan: 1 male, Songfan, Huanlong, 3000 m, 5–6.viii.1993, H. Shima; 3 males, 1 female, Kanding, Mt. Paoma, 2600 m, H. Shima, T. Naito, X. Lijn; 5 males, 1 female, Mt. Zheduo, 3000–4000 m, Kanding, 19–24.viii.1993, H. Shima; 2 males, 1 female, Yulin, 3000 m, Kanding, 20.viii.1993, H. Shima. 1 male, Songfan, Huanglong, 3000 m, 5–6.viii.1993, H. Shima (BLKU). Rilong, Xiaojin, Aba Prefecture, 2.viii.2005, 3 males, M.f. Wang, 1 male, C. Liang; 1 male, Rilong, 6.viii.2005, Hu Ao; 1 male, Xiling, 12.viii.2005, M.f. Wang. Shaanxi: 4 males, 3 females, Mt. Taibai, 9–16.vi.1989, M.f. Wang. 2 males, 2 females, Mt. Tiantai, Qinling, 3.xi.1999, M.f. Wang. Liaoning: 1 male, Dayugou, Benxi, 18.ix.1979, W.q. Xue. Jilin: 1 male, Mt. Changbai, Hengshan, 1000 m, 15.vii.1990, C.t. Zhang. Shanxi: 1 male, Mt. Luya, Ningwu, 8.vi.1989; 6 males, Manghe, Yangcheng, 6.vi.1991; 7 males, 5 females, Mt. Wutai, 10.viii.1985; 5 males, Hunyuan Forestry Station, 13.vii.1985; 6 males, Qinshui Xiachuan, 18.vi.1991; 11 males, Yanggetai, Fangshan, 24.vi.1990; Baimashi, Yingxian, 5 males, 5–7.vi.1982, 4 males, 1 female, 27.v.1984; 2 males, Wuzai, Heyeping, 15.vii.1998; 2 males, Tiechanggou, Jiaokou, 16.vii.1992; 1 male, Heibangou, Jiaokou, 4.vi.1992; 2 males, Jiaokou, Dadaoyu, 5.vi.2003; 2 males, 1 female, Guangling, Haizhi, 5.ix.1982; 5 males, Xianglutai, Guangling, 19.vii.1985; 8 males, 3 females, Xiachuan, Qinshui, 19.vi.1991; 14 males, Youyu, Shahukou, 17.vi.1982; 1 male, Youyu, Fanjiajie, 15.vi.1984, 1 male, Mt. Lishan, Yuanqu, 1.vi.2000, all by M.f. Wang. Hebei: 1 male, Nantuo, Fuping, 19.v.1987; 6 males, Huata, Fuping, 24.viii.1981 (SNUC). Etymology Latin adjective fuscatus (= dark) is taken from the body color of this species. Remarks This species is very similar to D. carinifrons from Eurasia, but may be distinguished from it by its whitish pruinosity on thorax and head, narrow vertex, 1+2 ac, and abdominal tergites 3 and 4 with median discal setae in the male. Specimens examined from Japan have a black or dark brown palpus, whereas those from China rarely have a paler palpus. We were unable to find other differences between specimens from both areas, and therefore treat them as conspecific.Published as part of Zhang, Chun-Tian & Shima, Hiroshi, 2006, A systematic study of the genus Dinera Robineau-Desvoidy from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions (Diptera: Tachinidae), pp. 1-60 in Zootaxa 1243 (1243) on pages 25-2
Dolichocolon abstrusum Cerretti & Shima 2011, SP. NOV.
No full textDOLICHOCOLON ABSTRUSUM SP. NOV. (FIG. 16A–D) <p> <i>Type material:</i> <i>Holotype</i> ♂: [Japan] Yorii [36°06′N 139°10′E], Saitama /Honshu, 3-IX/ T. Nambu 1977// <i>Dolichocolon</i> ♂ / <i>vicinum</i> Mesn. /det. H. Shima, 2006 [BLKU]. <i>Paratypes:</i> 1 ♂, Japan, Kagoshima-city [31°34′N 130°32′E], Uearata-cho, 4.vi.1965, leg. A. Tanaka [identified as <i>Dolichocolon vicinum</i> Mesn. by H. Shima] [BLKU]. Korea: 1 ♂, Chungcheongbuk-do, Chungju [36°58′N 127°55′E], Jongmin-dong, from Recreational Forest, to Mt. Gyemyeongsan peak, 775 m, 3.vi.2004, leg. H.-W. Byun <i>et al</i>. [DLSYU]; 3 ♂♂, Gyeongsangnam-do, Changnyeong-gun, Daehap-myeon, near Woopo neup (swamp), 29.viii.2003, H.-Y. Han & K.-E. Ro [2, DLSYU; 1, MZUR].</p> <p> <i>Etymology:</i> From the Latin adjective ‘ <i>abstrusus</i>, <i>a, um</i> ’, meaning hidden.</p> <p> <i>Description: Body length:</i> 8.7–10.1 mm.</p> <p> <i>Coloration and pruinescence:</i> Head mostly black with gena and anterior rim of parafacial reddish, covered with whitish-grey pruinescence. Palpus mainly brown or dark brown, shading into yellowish apically. Scape and pedicel black or dark brown (rarely brownish). Thorax mainly black; posterior 1/3–4/5 of scutellum reddish-yellow; postalar callus varying from yellow to black; scutum with four presutural dark vittae, lateral vitta distinctly outlined and ending wedgeshaped beside posthumeral seta. Legs black. Tegula and basicosta black or dark brown. Abdomen black, more or less reddish laterally on tergites 3 and 4; tergite 3 with a transverse band of whitish-grey pruinescence on anterior 1/3–1/2, tergite 4 pruinose on anterior 2/3–4/5, tergite 5 on anterior 1/2–4/5.</p> <p> <i>Head:</i> Compound eye with short and very sparse ommatrichia at most as long as combined diameter of two facets (visible under> 60 ¥ magnification). Second aristomere about six to seven times as long as wide. Thickened part of third aristomere about 0.5–0.8 times as long as second aristomere. Postpedicel 6.3–6.5 times as long as pedicel. Vertex at its narrowest point 0.98–1.10 times as wide as compound eye in dorsal view. Lateral vertical seta only slightly differentiated from postocular setae. Six to eight frontal setae descending below level of base of arista. Fronto-orbital plate with one row of medioclinate setae or setulae lateral to row of frontal setae. Gena in profile 0.17–0.20 times as high as compound eye. Postocular setae fine, relatively long, slightly bent anteriorly. Prementum about 1.0–1.5 times as long as wide.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen:</i> Syntergite 1 + 2 with short and weak median marginal setae. Tergite 3 with one pair of median marginal setae 0.5–0.8 times as long as corresponding tergite. Tergite 4 with a row of nine to 12 marginal setae. Tergite 5 with a row of marginal and discal setae.</p> <p> <i>Male terminalia (Fig. 15A–D):</i> Epandrium short and convex. Basal 3/5–2/3 of cerci strongly prominent (Fig. 16C) and subrectangular in lateral view; distal 1/3–2/5 digitiform and strongly bent posteriorly (Fig. 16C). Laterobasal margin of cerci up-curved. Medial preapical tooth of cerci well developed, rounded. Surstylus, in lateral view, not bent posteriorly; slightly pointed in front distally, slanted anterodistally and covered with hook-like setae (Fig. 16A, B). Medial side of surstylus, in posterior view, membranous, subglobular (Fig. 16C, D).</p> <p> <i>Notes: Dolichocolon abstrusum</i> was in the past confused with <i>D. vicinum</i> because of their external similarity. These two species, even though distinct and identifiable on the basis of the male terminalia, do not have sound external diagnostic characters. Therefore past data on the distribution of <i>D. vicinum</i> need careful revision. Not a single specimen of <i>D. vicinum</i> from Japan was examined during this study; hence, it is probable that citations for Japan (cf. Herting, 1984; Herting & Dely-Draskovits, 1993) should be referred to <i>D. abstrusum</i> sp. nov.</p> <p> <i>Hosts:</i> Unknown.</p> <p> <i>Distribution: Palaearctic</i>: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu), South Korea.</p>Published as part of <i>Cerretti, Pierfilippo & Shima, Hiroshi, 2011, World revision of Dolichocolon Brauer & Bergenstamm (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Goniini), pp. 544-584 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162 (3)</i> on pages 568-569, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00689.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5440699">http://zenodo.org/record/5440699</a>
Melastrongygaster orbitalis Shima, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Melastrongygaster orbitalis</i> Shima, sp. nov. <p>Figs. 25–26, 31–34</p> <p> Male. Differing from <i>D. atrata</i> as follows: Head broadly black, shining black stripe on inner margin of frontoorbital plate continuous downward to gena, dark grayish pruinosity on outer 1/3 of lower 1/3 of fronto-orbital plate to outer 2/3 of parafacial, face and lower occiput; frons in profile slightly more rounded; parafacial nearly parallelsided, about 2/3 as wide as (about 1/ 2 in profile) 1st flagellomere at middle height; lower margin of face weakly warped forward, nearly level with vibrissal base; gena about 2/7 (about 1/ 5 in profile) as high as eye height; inner vertical seta fine, about 1/4 as long as eye height; ocellar seta nearly as long as inner vertical seta; 10–12 fine frontal setae; 2–3 subvibrissal setae; postocular setae short on upper 1/2; base of antenna nearly level with lower 1/4 of eye height in profile; antenna about 3/4 as long as face, 1st flagellomere about 1.5 times as long as wide and 2 times as long as pedicel. Thorax shining black in ground color, with very thin grayish pruinosity on postpronotal lobe and proepimeron and thin dark brownish pruinosity along transverse suture of scutum; 3 presutural dorsocentral setae; 2 katepisternal setae; subapical scutellar setae slightly longer than apical seta (4:3.5) and about 1.5 times as long as scutellum; discal scutellar setae indistinct among fine and long hairs on disc. Wing slightly more brownish tinged, especially on basal area; lower calypter more brownish; base of vein R4+5 without setula; relative lengths of costal sectors 2nd, 3rd and 4th approximately as 2:5:2.5; last section of vein CuA1 about 1/2 as long as dm-cu crossvein. Mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal, 2 posteroventral and 1 ventral setae; hind tibia with 3–4 anterodorsal, 3–4 posterodorsal and 1 ventral setae. Abdomen with very thin grayish pruinosity on anterior 1/2–2/3 of 3rd and 4th tergites and on almost entire 5th; syntergite 1+2 without median discal setae and with 1–2 pairs of long and strong median marginal setae; 3rd and 4th tergites each with 2–3 pairs of long discal and a row of strong marginal setae.</p> <p>Male terminalia: Epandrium with 3 pairs of strong setae; surstylus nearly straight in lateral view, very weakly curved dorsally near apex, without distinct hair or pile; bacilliform sclerite very short and widely fused posteriorly with inner wall of surstylus; cerci in dorsal view excavated on basal 1/4 and separated on apical 5/8.</p> <p>Body length: 5.5–6.4 mm.</p> <p>Holotype male, Danburi, 800 m, 15 km NW Bao Lok, Vietnam, 29.v–1.vi.2002, S. Shinonaga (NSMT).</p> <p>Paratypes: 2 males, same data as holotype (KUM).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific named is taken from the rounded frons of this species, based on the Latin <i>orbitus</i>, meaning circular.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Vietnam.</p>Published as part of <i>Shima, Hiroshi, 2015, Melastrongygaster, a new genus of the tribe Strongygastrini (Diptera: Tachinidae), with five new species from Asia, pp. 427-445 in Zootaxa 3904 (3)</i> on pages 439-440, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3904.3.9, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/243928">http://zenodo.org/record/243928</a>
From Pure Land to Hell: Introducing four culturally hybrid UNESCO World Heritage sites in the Gotō Archipelago
No full textThe islands in the Gotō region off Kyushu Island were refuges, mountains providing both terraces for growing potatoes and rice; and hideaways for clandestine religious practices; seas and bays providing fish and seaweed. Religious refugees arrived here in the 18th and 19th centuries, but had to contend with a harsh winter climate, the strong prejudices of indigenous inhabitants, and the long arms of the Nagasaki magistrate. This article locates a migrant people known variously as the senpuku, the kakure, kirishitan, or Hidden Christians (HC), and their descendants who acknowledge the natural world’s imprint on them: their characteristics and cultural heritage are shaped by the interstitial spaces of the islands in which they subside(d). World Heritage Cultural listings in 2018 included sites on the islands and were rightly acclaimed. Yet, here, as in other places, the World Heritage campaign was at times driven by shallow motivations reflecting exotic and unfounded prejudices and tourist-related economic aspirations. Even in the nomenclature, the World Heritage listing mentions the HC, but this group of people are not singular, and require more careful definition. This article seeks to demonstrate how by examining new sources of oral history, we stand to enrich our knowledge by a ‘deep’ engagement, taking account of both human and non-human processes, practices and awareness of place. Secondly, by focusing on this region we may re-orient our understanding of Japanese and East Asian History in a wider context than often understood, and inclusive of this coastal and marginal place. An analysis four of the sites of World Heritage ascribed by UNESCO on the Gotō Archipelago off Nagasaki Prefecture Japan alongside the historic documents and supported by oral history reveals a religious cultural hybridity integrated into a severe environment
Dinera maculosa Zhang & Shima 2006, sp. nov.
No full textDinera maculosa sp. nov. Figs. 33–36 Diagnosis Small slender grayish yellow fly; 2–3+3 dc; costal spine absent; abdomen with dark triangular spot on each tergite, abdominal syntergite 1+2 excavated only on basal 1/2, without median marginal seta, tergites 3 and 4 each without median discal seta. Body length 6.7–9.0 mm. Description Male. Head black in ground color, gena reddish brown, with dense pale yellowish gray pruinosity; frontal vitta black; lunule pale brownish; antenna and palpus dark brown. Frons narrowed above, narrowest in front of ocellar triangle, at the narrowest point about 1/15 head width; frontal vitta strongly narrowed above, linear at narrowest point and subequal in width to palpus; parafacial weakly widened below, about 3 times as wide as flagellomere 1 at middle height; gena wide, about 1/2 eye height; facial carina high, rather wide and flattened on anterior surface, arched in lateral view; lower margin of face rather weakly protruding forward. Inner and outer vertical setae fine hairlike, about 2/5 eye height; ocellar seta rather strong, about 1.5 times as long as inner vertical seta; 9–11 inclinate frontal setae, longest seta about as long as ocellar seta; vibrissa inserted slightly above lower margin of face by about 2/3 length of pedicel; occiput with 2–3 rows of black hairs behind postocular setae. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by about 3/4 length of flagellomere 1; base of antenna about level with lower 1/4 of eye height; flagellomere 1 2.5–3 times as long as pedicel; pedicel with a long seta that is as long as pedicel and flagellomere 1 combined; arista including plumosity 2–2.5 times as wide as flagellomere 1. Prementum slender, about 7 times as long as wide, 0.7–0.8 of eye height; palpus about 4/5 as long as prementum. Thorax black in ground color, with yellowish or pale yellowish gray pruinosity; dorsum with 3 black longitudinal vittae, median vitta stopped at anterior 1/3 of presutural area, about twice as wide as lateral vitta. Postpronotal lobe with 3–4 setae; 1+2 ac; 2–3+3 dc; 2 ia; 3 sa; 2+1 katepisternal setae, lowest seta sometimes very fine or absent; scutellum with basal seta about 2.5 times as long as scutellum and subequal to subapical seta, apical seta about twice as long as scutellum. Wings hyaline, evenly and weakly tinged with pale brown; tegula dark brown; basicosta reddish yellow; lower calypter pale brownish, paler marginally. Costal spine absent; relative length of second, third and fourth costal sections approximately as 1:2.1:1.1; vein M from dmcu crossvein to its bend about twice as long as distance between the bend and wing margin. Legs black, pulvilli pale brownish. Fore tibia with 2 p; mid tibia with 1 ad and 2–3 pd, without v; hind tibia with 2–3 ad, 2–3 pd and 2 v, apical pv present. Abdomen long ovate, black in ground color, with dense pale yellowish gray pruinosity, a dark brown subtriangular median spot present on each tergite, the dark spot sometimes weak and diffusing marginally on tergite 5. Syntergite 1+2 excavated 1/2–2/3 of distance to posterior margin, with 1 lateral marginal seta, without median marginal seta; abdominal tergites with dense erect long hairs, without median discal seta; tergite 3 with 2 median marginal and 2–3 lateral marginal setae; tergites 4 and 5 each with a row of marginal setae. Sternite 5 nearly square, posterior lobe wide and blunt; Vshaped median cleft deep and narrow. Male terminalia. Cerci wide at base and strongly narrowed on apical 3/ 5 in lateral view, slightly and evenly curved ventrally; surstylus wide and rounded on dorsal margin; postgonite shorter than basiphallus; distiphallus long, apical membranous part about 3 times as long as basal sclerotized part. Female. Differing from male as follows: Body with dense yellowish gray pruinosity; palpus brown to dark brown; vertex 0.33–0.38 head width; parafacial about 3 times as wide as flagellomere 1; gena 2/3–3/4 eye height; inner vertical seta strong, about 2/3 eye height and slightly longer than ocellar seta; outer vertical seta developed, about 3/4 as long as inner vertical seta; 5–6 inclinate frontal setae; 2 proclinate orbital setae as long as inner vertical seta, 1 outwardly directed prevertical seta slightly shorter than outer vertical seta; ususally 1+1 katepisternal setae; calypters brownish to yellowish white; mid tibia with 2 ad, 3 pd and 1 v setae; claw and pulvillus distinctly shorter than 5th tarsomere; abdomen with dense yellowish gray pruinosity and shifting appearance with direction of light, a dark brown median vitta visible on syntergite 1+2 to tergite 4, the vitta diffusing marginally. Type material Holotype ♂, CHINA, Kangding, Yulin, 3000 m, Sichuan, 20.viii.1993, H. Shima (BLKU). Paratypes CHINA. Sichuan: 2 males, 1 female, same as holotype; 1 male, 7 females, Xingdu Qiao, 3700 m, Kangding, 22.viii.1993, H. Shima; 2 males, Mt. Zheduo, 3000 m, Kangding, 21.viii.1993, A. Nakanishi. Yunnan: 1 female, 10 km N. Deqen, 3300 m, Deqen, 21.vii.1996, H. Shima; 1 male, 50 km SE Deqen, 3400 m, 22.viii.1996, W.x. Zhang (BLKU)). 1 male, 1 female, Zhongdian, Gezi, 3150 m, 5.viii.1981, X.z. Zhang (IZCAS). Etymology Latin adjective maculosus (= spotted) is taken from a diagnostic character of this species, abdominal tergites each with a dark triangular spot. Remarks This species is similar to D. alticola, but differs from it in having a narrow lateral thoracic vitta, abdominal tergites each with a dark brown subtriangular spot, shorter postgonite, and distiphallus with a longer membranous apical part.Published as part of Zhang, Chun-Tian & Shima, Hiroshi, 2006, A systematic study of the genus Dinera Robineau-Desvoidy from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions (Diptera: Tachinidae), pp. 1-60 in Zootaxa 1243 (1243) on pages 33-3
Dolichocolon elegans Cerretti & Shima 2011, SP. NOV.
No full textDOLICHOCOLON ELEGANS SP. NOV. (FIG. 4A–D) Type material: Holotype ♂: [D. R. Congo] Musée du Congo / Elisabethville [= Lubumbashi]/(piége Harris) 5.X.1934 / P. Quarré // COM INST ENT./ COLL.NO. 10781 [RMCA]. Etymology: From the Latin adjective ‘ elegans ’ meaning elegant. Description: Body length: 10.7 mm. Coloration and pruinescence: Head mainly black except gena and anterior edge of parafacial which are red; head covered with whitish-grey pruinescence. Palpus yellow. Scape and pedicel varying from dark brown to fuscous red. Thorax mainly black; posterior 1/3 of scutellum reddish-yellow; scutum with four presutural dark vittae, lateral vitta subrectangular, indistinctly outlined anteriorly and reaching further forward than strong lateral posthumeral seta. Legs black. Tegula and basicosta black or dark brown. Abdominal tergites 3–5 entirely covered with dense yellowish-grey pruinescence, except on posterior 1/5– 1/6 where pruinescence turns brownish. Head: Compound eye bare. Arista thickened on basal 1/2 or slightly more. Second aristomere about 7.5 times as long as wide. Thickened part of third aristomere about 1.6 times as long as second aristomere. Postpedicel 6.8 times as long as pedicel. Vertex at its narrowest point 1.13 times as wide as compound eye in dorsal view. Lateral vertical seta weak, scarcely differentiated from postocular setae. Six to seven frontal setae descending below level of base of arista. Frontoorbital plate with one row of medioclinate setae lateral to row of frontal setae. Gena in profile about 0.25 times as high as compound eye. Postocular setae fine, relatively long, bent anteriorly. Prementum about 1.0–1.5 times as long as wide. Legs: Fore claws and pulvilli at least as long as fifth tarsal segment. Abdomen (Fig. 4A): Syntergite 1 + 2 with one pair of strong median marginal setae. Tergite 3 with one pair of median marginal setae 1.25 times as long as corresponding tergite. Tergite 4 with a row of 11 marginal setae. Tergite 5 with a row of marginal and discal setae. Male terminalia (Fig. 4B–D): Epandrium relatively long and convex. Hypandrial arms not bent anteriorly, shorter than medial plate of hypandrium. Distal 1/2 of cerci widely apart and finger-like; basal 1/2 not convex, with a short longitudinal carina bearing long, erect setae. Medial slope of longitudinal carina without brush-like setulae (Fig. 4C, D). Distal 1/3 of cerci strongly bent posteriorly (Fig. 4B). Medial preapical tooth of cerci well developed. Surstylus laterally compressed, paddle-like, strongly curved posteriorly (Fig. 4B, C); surstylus with very few setulae along posterior margin and on basal 1/2 of lateral surface (Fig. 4B). Hosts: Unknown. Distribution: Afrotropical: D. R. Congo.Published as part of Cerretti, Pierfilippo & Shima, Hiroshi, 2011, World revision of Dolichocolon Brauer & Bergenstamm (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Goniini), pp. 544-584 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162 (3) on pages 553-554, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00689.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544069
Paravibrissina pacifica Shima & Tachi, 2008, sp. nov.
No full textParavibrissina pacifica sp. nov. Figs. 15 –18, 23, 33–34. Recognition. This species resembles P. a d i s c a l i s at a glance, but differs from it in having a densely haired eye and median discal setae on the abdomen. Description. Male. Head with dense grayish white pollinosity, upper fronto-orbital plate darkened; interfrontal area velvety dark brown; antenna dark brown except weakly reddish at base of 1 st flagellomere; palpus reddish yellow. Vertex about 1 / 6 of head width; interfrontal area widened anteriorly, slightly narrower than fronto-orbital plate at middle; parafacial narrowed below, about as wide as 1 st flagellomere at middle height; gena about 2 / 9 of eye height, with occipital dilation on lower and anterior 1 / 2; facial ridge rather well bulged. Inner vertical seta about 3 / 5 as long as eye height; outer vertical seta absent; ocellar seta very fine hair-like; 3 reclinate orbital setae, anterior 2 setae subequal in length and about 2 / 3 as long as inner vertical seta, posteriormost seta about 2 / 3 as long as anterior seta; 10–12 frontal setae, lowest seta nearly level with lower margin of pedicel; facial ridge with strong downcurved setae on lower 2 / 3 and with a row of fine setulae outside row of strong setae; gena with several long setae; occiput with 2–3 rows of fine short black hairs. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by about 1 / 2 length of pedicel; 1 st flagellomere about 3 times as long as pedicel; arista thickened on basal 1 / 4. Palpus weakly flattened apically, with dense short setulae on its entire length. Eye with dense long hairs. Thorax black, with whitish, somewhat grayish, pollinosity, presutural area of scutum with 4 longitudinal black vittae, postsutural scutum with rectangular median black portion and 2 outer black vittae, scutellum black on basal 1 / 2. Four postsutural dorsocentral setae; 2 katepisternal setae; distance between bases of 2 subapical scutellar setae about 1 / 2 of that between subapical and basal setae of corresponding side. Wing pale brownish hyaline; tegula and basicosta black; lower calypter translucent pale brownish. Second costal sector about 4 / 9 as long as 3 rd and 4 / 5 of 4 th; bend of vein M about 2.5 times closer to wing margin than to r-m crossvein. Legs brownish, tibiae slightly paler on median portion; pulvilli pale brownish. Fore tibia with 2 posterior setae; mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal and 1 ventral setae; hind tibia with 2 preapical dorsal setae; claws and pulvilli longer than 5 th tarsomeres. Abdomen black in ground color, weakly reddish on sides and venter of 3 rd tergum, with dense whitish pollinosity on anterior 1 / 4 of 3 rd tergum, 2 / 5 of 4 th and entire 5 th, the pollinosity becoming more sparse and extending to posterior 1 / 3 on 3 rd tergum and with shifting appearance on 4 th. Hairs on dorsum short, dense and erect; syntergum 1 + 2 with 2 strong median marginal setae; 3 rd tergum with 2 strong median discal and 2 strong median marginal setae; 4 th tergum with 2 strong median discal and a row of strong marginal setae; 5 th tergum with 2 discal and a row of marginal setae; venter of 4 th and 5 th terga each with a pair of hair patches of short and fine hairs on quadrate area of entire length of each tergum. Male terminalia: 5 th sternum with broad median cleft, posterior lobe about 1 / 2 of whole length of the sternum; 6 th tergum absent; cerci in dorsal view evenly narrowed posteriorly, separated on apical 1 / 5, inner wall smooth, in lateral view rather weakly curved dorsally on apical 1 / 5; surstylus in lateral view weakly curved near middle, about 1.5 times as long as wide, with only a few fine hairs; pregonite bare. Female. Unknown. Body length: 7mm. Holotype. Male, NEW CALEDONIA: Col de Petchecara, 15 km W of Thio, 19.ii. 1978, H. Shima (BPBM). Distribution. New Caledonia. Etymology. Specific name is taken from the area of the locality of this species.Published as part of Shima, Hiroshi & Tachi, Takuji, 2008, New species of the genus Paravibrissina Shima (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Southeast Asia and South Pacific, pp. 43-60 in Zootaxa 1870 on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18393
Dinera setifacies Zhang & Shima 2006, sp. nov.
No full textDinera setifacies sp. nov. Figs. 48–51 Diagnosis Mediumsized black fly; parafacial with dense fine short hairs on upper half, 3+3 dc, abdominal syntergite 1+2 excavated to posterior 3/4–4/5, with 2 median marginal setae, tergites 3 and 4 with discal setae in male. Body length 7.3–10.3 mm. Description Male. Head black in ground color, gena and lower portion of face reddish yellow, with dense grayish pruinosity; frontal vitta dark brown. Antenna black; palpus dark brown to black. Vertex 1/8–1/11 head width; frontal vitta widened below, about twice as wide as frontoorbital plate at middle; parafacial about 3 times as wide as flagellomere 1 at middle height; facial carina high and arched in lateral view, rather sharp on anterior surface; gena wide, about 1/2 eye height; lower margin of face strongly protruding forward. Inner vertical seta fine, about 2/5 eye height, slightly shorter than ocellar seta; outer vertical seta indistinct; 11–12 inclinate frontal setae, subequal in length to each other and ocellar seta; frontoorbital plate with only a few short fine hairs on upper 1/2 and several rows of short fine black hairs on lower 1/2; parafacial with many hairs on upper 1/2; vibrissa inserted above vibrissal angle by about length of pedicel; occiput with 2–3 rows of black hairs behind postocular setae. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by about 2/5 length of flagellomere 1; pedicel with a long seta that is only slightly shorter than flagellomere 1; flagellomere 1 3.5–4 times as long as pedicel; arista including plumosity about twice as wide as flagellomere 1. Palpus long and slender, about 1.5 times as long as antenna. Thorax black in ground color, with grayish white pruinosity; 5 black longitudinal vittae on prescutural area of scutum, 3 inner vittae sometimes fused with each other forming a broad median vitta, on postsutural scutum 3 broad vittae visible, median vitta wider than lateral ones; scutellum dark brown at base, grayish pruinose apically. Postpronotal lobe with 3–5 setae; 1–2+2–3 ac (usually 2+2 ac); 3+3 dc; 0+2 ia; 4 sa, first and third sa weak; scutellum with basal and subapical scutellar setae subequal in length, about twice as long as scutellum, apical seta slightly shorter than basal seta. Wings hyaline, faintly and evenly tinged with pale brown; tegula and basicosta dark brown to black; calypter pale yellowish white. Costal spine absent; relative length of costal sections second, third and fourth approximately as 2:3.5:1.5; vein M from dmcu crossvein to its bend 1.3 times as long as distance between the bend and wing margin; cell r 4+5 narrowly open. Legs black, pulvilli dull yellowish. Fore tibia with 2 p; mid tibia with 2 ad, 2–3 p, 1 v sometimes very fine; hind tibia with 3–4 ad, 2–3 pd and 2–3 v, apical pv short but distinct. Abdomen long ovate, black in ground color, with grayish white pruinosity that is shifting in appearance with direction of light and brownish on posteromedian portion of tergites 3 and 4. Syntergite 1+2 excavated to level of anterior margin of bases of median marginal setae, with 2 strong median marginal and 1 lateral marginal setae; tergite 3 with 2 median marginal, 1 lateral marginal and 2 median discal setae; tergite 4 with 1–2 pairs of medan discal and a row of marginal setae; tergite 5 with 1–2 rows of strong discal and a row of marginal setae. Sternite 5 square, Vshaped median cleft deep and wide, lateral lobe wide and bluntly rounded at apex, with densely long setae and hairs. Male terminalia is similar to that of D. angustifrons, cerci strongly narrowed on apical 3/5, pointed at apex, surstylus narrowed and bent inward and blunt apically in dorsal view, wide and rounded in lateral view, with dense hairs; membranous apical part of distiphallus longer than that of sclerotized basal part, with ventrally minute spinules on upper portion. Female. Differing from male as follows: Frons broad, vertex about 1/3 head width; interfrontal area rather weakly widened anteriorly, about 1.5 times as wide as frontoorbital plate at middle; gena about 4/7 eye height; inner vertical seta strong, about 3/4 eye height; outer vertical seta about 1/3 as long as inner seta; 1 upwardly directed prevertical seta about 1/2 as long as inner vertical seta; 2 proclinate orbital setae subequal in length and 2/3 as long as inner vertical seta; 7 rather sparsely set inclinate frontal setae; antenna longer than in male, flagellomere 1 about 4 times as long as pedicel; palpus slightly longer than antenna; claw and pulvillus shorter than 5th tarsomere. Abdominal syntergite 1+2 excavated almost to posterior margin, without median marginal seta, intermediate abdominal tergites without median discal setae, tergite 5 with a pair of weak median discal setae. Type material Holotype ♂, NEPAL, Solukhumbu, JumbesiNuntara, 2120–3000 m, 28.vii.1992, H. Shima (BLKU). Paratypes NEPAL. 1 male, Tapleiung: Walungchung Gola, 3350 m, N.E. Nepal, 15.vi.1962, T. Yasuda (ELOPU). Solukhumbu: 17 males, JumbesiNuntara, 2120–3000 m, 28.vii. 1992, H. Shima, S. Shinonaga & H. Kurahashi; 15 males, 8 females, Chumoa to Namche Bazar, 2715–3900 m, 1–2.viii.1992, H. Kurahashi & S. Shinonaga. E. Nepal: 13 males, 12 females, Thudam, 3500–3800 m, 20.vi–9.vii.1972, Malaise Trap; 93 males, 5 females, Basantapur, 2300 m, 28.iv–10.v.1972, Malaise Trap. PAKISTAN. 1 male, Natiagali, 2400 m, 10 km N. Murree, 18.vii.1987, S. Shinonaga; 2 males, 1 female, Nathia GallDunga Gall Murree, 18.vii.1987, K. Kanniya. 13 males, 5 females, Tandan, 26 km N. Abbottabad, 2400 m, 1.viii.1988, S. Shinonaga. CHINA. Yunnan: 3 males, Deqin, Zhongdian, Tuguancun, 2500–3000 m, 3–5.vi.1994, W.x. Zhang. Sichuan: 1 male, Mt. Paoma, 2600 m, Kangding, 18.viii.1993, H. Shima; 1 male, Tianquan, Dayuxi, 1200 m, 29.viii.1993, X.c. Liang (BLKU). 2 males, Kangding, 2400–2700 m, 26.vii.1963, C. Li. Yunnan: 2 males, Yonsheng, Liude, 2300 m, 10.vii.1984, R. Wang. Qinghai: 1 male, Kuangxi, Gesongduo, 3750 m, Yushu, S. y. Wang (IZCAS). Taiwan: 1 male, Mt. Ali, 2400 m, T.C. Maa (BPBM). Etymology Specific epithet from the Latin adjective setal (= setose) plus noun face, in reference to one of the diagnostic characters of this species, the hairy parafacial. Remarks This species occurs at high elevation in border areas of the Palaearctic and Oriental regions. In general appearance this species resembles D. angustifrons from southwestern China, but is distinguished from it by the hairy upper half of parafacial, black basicosta, and abdominal syntergite 1+2 with strong median marginal seta in male.Published as part of Zhang, Chun-Tian & Shima, Hiroshi, 2006, A systematic study of the genus Dinera Robineau-Desvoidy from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions (Diptera: Tachinidae), pp. 1-60 in Zootaxa 1243 (1243) on pages 43-4
Dolichocolon dali Cerretti & Shima 2011, SP. NOV.
No full textDOLICHOCOLON DALI SP. NOV. (FIG. 19A–C) <p> <i>Type material:</i> <i>Holotype</i> ♂: China / Jizhaoan, Dali / Yunnan, 4 September 93/ 2310 m, R. Kano [BLKU].</p> <p> <i>Etymology:</i> From the type locality Dali, a noun in apposition.</p> <p> <i>Description: Body length:</i> 10.3 mm.</p> <p> <i>Coloration and pruinescence:</i> Head mainly black, covered with whitish-grey pruinescence. Palpus blackish-brown basally, shading into yellowish-brown distally. Scape and pedicel black. Thorax mainly black; scutellum entirely reddish-yellow; scutum with four presutural dark vittae, lateral vitta subtriangular, distinctly outlined and ending wedge-shaped beside posthumeral seta. Legs black. Tegula and basicosta black to dark brown. Abdominal tergites 3 and 4 with a transverse band of whitish-grey pruinescence (without shifting spots) on anterior 1/3-1/2 (laterally), 1/2-2/3 (medially); tegite 5 pruinose on anterior 2/3. Sides of abdominal tergites 3 and 4 widely red.</p> <p> <i>Head:</i> Compound eye with more or less sparse ommatrichia at least as long as combined diameter of three facets (visible under> 40 ¥ magnification). Arista thickened on basal 2/5–1/2. Second aristomere 7.8 times as long as wide. Thickened part of third aristomere 7.2 times as long as second aristomere. Postpedicel 9.3 times as long as pedicel. Vertex at its narrowest point 1.05 times as wide as compound eye in dorsal view. Lateral vertical seta weak, slightly differentiated from postocular setae; postocular setae relatively long and strongly bent anteriorly. Six to eight frontal setae descending below level of base of arista. Frontal vitta (measured at midlength between fore ocellus and base of antennae) about as wide as fronto-orbital plate (measured at same level). Frontoorbital plate with one row of medioclinate setae lateral to row of frontal setae. Gena in profile 0.27</p> <p> REVISION OF <i>DOLICHOCOLON</i> 573</p> <p>times as high as compound eye. Prementum about 1.0–1.5 times as long as wide.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen:</i> Syntergite 1 + 2 without median marginal setae. Tergite 3 with one pair of median marginal setae 0.9 times as long as corresponding tergite. Tergite 4 with a row of 12 marginal setae shorter than corresponding tergite. Tergite 5 with a row of marginal and discal setae.</p> <p> <i>Male terminalia:</i> The male terminalia are very similar to those of <i>D. paravicinum</i> sp. nov. but in <i>D. dali</i> the basal 2/3 of cerci are more prominent (Fig. 19A, C), and the posterodistal 1/3 of surstylus is not strongly concave and not pointed apically as in <i>D. paravicinum</i> (Fig. 19A, B). Furthermore, posterodorsal surface of surstylus in <i>D. dali</i> lacks microtrichia (Fig. 19B).</p> <p> <i>Hosts:</i> Unknown.</p> <p> <i>Distribution: Oriental:</i> China (Yunnan).</p>Published as part of <i>Cerretti, Pierfilippo & Shima, Hiroshi, 2011, World revision of Dolichocolon Brauer & Bergenstamm (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Goniini), pp. 544-584 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162 (3)</i> on pages 572-573, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00689.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5440699">http://zenodo.org/record/5440699</a>
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