1,909 research outputs found
Significance of smoking machine toxicant yields to blood-level exposure in water pipe tobacco smokers
No full textBackground: The global increase in tobacco smoking with a water pipe (hookah, narghile, or shisha) has made understanding its health consequences imperative. One key to developing this understanding is identifying and quantifying carcinogens and other toxicants present in water pipe smoke. To do so, the toxicant yield of machine-generated water pipe smoke has been measured. However, the relevance of toxicant yields of machine-generated smoke to actual human exposure has not been established. Methods: In this study, we examined whether carbon monoxide (CO) and nicotine yields measured with a smoking machine programmed to replicate the puffing behavior of 31 human participants whosmoked a water pipe could reliably predict these participants' blood-level exposure. In addition to CO and nicotine, yields of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, volatile aldehydes, nitric oxide (NO), and tar were measured. Results: We found that when used in this puff-replicating manner, smoking machine yields are highly correlated with blood-level exposure (nicotine: r 0.76, P 0.001; CO: r 0.78, P 0.001). Total drawn smoke volume was the best predictor of toxicant yield and exposure, accounting for approximately 75percent to 100percent of the variability across participants in yields of NO, CO, volatile aldehydes, and tar, as well as blood-level CO and normalized nicotine. Conclusions: Machine-based methods can be devised in which smoke toxicant yields reliably track human exposure. Impact: This finding indicates the basic feasibility of valid analytic laboratory evaluation of tobacco products for regulatory purposes. ©2011 AACR.ALRASHIDI M, 2008, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V35, P546; Blank MD, 2011, DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN, V116, P102, DOI 10.1016-j.drugalcdep.2010.11.026; Djordjevic MV, 2000, J NATL CANCER I, V92, P106, DOI 10.1093-jnci-92.2.106; Hammond D, 2006, CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR, V15, P1495, DOI 10.1158-1055-9965.EPI-06-0047; HEMING RI, 1983, CLIN PHARMACOL THER, V33, P84; JOHNSTON LD, 2011, MONITOR FUTURE NATL; Katurji M, 2010, INHAL TOXICOL, V22, P1101, DOI 10.3109-08958378.2010.524265; Monzer B, 2008, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V46, P2991, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2008.05.031; NADLER SB, 1962, SURGERY, V51, P224; Sepetdjian E, 2008, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V46, P1582, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2007.12.028; Shihadeh A, 2006, J AEROSOL MED, V19, P137, DOI 10.1089-jam.2006.19.137; Shihadeh A, 2003, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V41, P143, DOI 10.1016-S0278-6915(02)00220-X; Shihadeh A, 2005, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V43, P655, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2004.12.01387
Waterpipe tobacco smoking: An emerging health crisis in the United States
No full textObjective: To examine the prevalence and potential health risks of waterpipe tobacco smoking. Methods: A literature review was performed to compile information relating to waterpipe tobacco smoking. Results: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing in prevalence worldwide; in the United States, 10-20percent of some young adult populations are current waterpipe users. Depending on the toxicant measured, a single waterpipe session produces the equivalent of at least 1 and as many as 50 cigarettes. Misconceptions about waterpipe smoke content may lead users to underestimate health risks. Conclusion: Inclusion of waterpipe tobacco smoking in tobacco control activities may help reduce its spread. Copyright © PNG Publications 2011 All Rights Reserved.Al-Arifi M. N., 2005, J MED SCI, V5, P83; Al-Belasy FA, 2004, J ORAL MAXIL SURG, V62, P10, DOI 10.1016-j.joms.2002.11.001; ALFAYEZ SF, 1988, TROP GEOGR MED, V40, P115; Al Mutairi SS, 2006, RESPIROLOGY, V11, P449, DOI 10.1111-j.1400-1843.2006.00873.x; Al Rashidi M, 2008, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V46, P3546, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2008.09.007; American Lung Association, 2007, TOB POL TREND AL EM; American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT; Bacha Zeina Aoun, 2007, Inhal Toxicol, V19, P771, DOI 10.1080-08958370701401699; Bachir R, 2008, MATERN CHILD HLTH J, V12, P298, DOI 10.1007-s10995-007-0242-z; Bedwani R, 1997, INT J CANCER, V73, P64, DOI 10.1002-(SICI)1097-0215(19970926)73:164::AID-IJC113.0.CO;2-5; Breland AB, 2006, NICOTINE TOB RES, V8, P727, DOI 10.1080-14622200600789585; Breslau N, 1996, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V86, P214, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.86.2.214; Rock V. J., 2007, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, V56, P1157; Chaaya M, 2004, NICOTINE TOB RES, V6, P457, DOI 10.1080-14622200410001696628; Chattopadhyay A, 2000, Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad, V30, P151; CIRCOSTA C, 2006, KENTNEWS NET 1114; COLEMAN W, 2006, OKLAHOMA DAILY 1022; DANDREA N, 2007, PHOENIX NEW TIM 0719; DiFranza JR, 2007, ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED, V161, P704, DOI 10.1001-archpedi.161.7.704; DiFranza JR, 2002, TOB CONTROL, V11, P228, DOI 10.1136-tc.11.3.228; Djordjevic MV, 2000, J NATL CANCER I, V92, P106, DOI 10.1093-jnci-92.2.106; Eissenberg T, 2004, ADDICTION, V99, P5, DOI 10.1111-j.1360-0443.2004.00735.x; Eissenberg T, 2008, J ADOLESCENT HEALTH, V42, P526, DOI 10.1016-j.jadohealth.2007.10.004; Eissenberg T, 1999, Nicotine Tob Res, V1, P317, DOI 10.1080-14622299050011441; El-Nachef WN, 2008, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V299, P36, DOI 10.1001-jama.2007.6; El-Setouhy M, 2008, MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN, V655, P36, DOI 10.1016-j.mrgentox.2008.06.014; ENENMOH I, 2005, IOWA STATE DAIL 0822; Grekin ER, 2008, J STUD ALCOHOL DRUGS, V69, P472; Hammal F, 2008, Tob Control, V17, pe3, DOI 10.1136-tc.2007.020529; Hildebrand BE, 1998, BRAIN RES, V779, P214, DOI 10.1016-S0006-8993(97)01135-9; HILLARY L, 2005, ARIZONA DAILY W 0222; HORN C, 2007, U DAILY KANSAN 0906; HUGHES JR, 1986, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V43, P289; INHORN MC, 1994, SOC SCI MED, V39, P671, DOI 10.1016-0277-9536(94)90023-X; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2004, IARC MON; Jabbour S, 2003, ANN EPIDEMIOL, V13, P570, DOI DOI 10.1016-S1047-2797(03)00165-0; KASPER A, 2005, SIGNPOST 1005; KATURJI M, 2008, THESIS AM U BEIRUT; KHALIL M, 2006, THESIS AM U BEIRUT; Khater AEM, 2008, J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV, V99, P1808, DOI 10.1016-j.jenvrad.2008.07.005; Kilthau G F, 1996, Radiol Technol, V67, P217; Knishkowy B, 2005, PEDIATRICS, V116, pE113, DOI 10.1542-peds.2004-2173; Kolb L, 1938, AM J PSYCHIAT, V94, P759; Köseoğlu Nalan, 2006, Tuberk Toraks, V54, P222; LUBIN JH, 1992, INT J CANCER, V51, P390, DOI 10.1002-ijc.2910510310; MARTELL EA, 1974, NATURE, V249, P215, DOI 10.1038-249215a0; MARTIN WR, 1977, DRUG ADDICTION, V1, P43; Maziak W, 2007, COCHRANE DB SYST REV, DOI 10.1002-14651858.CD005549.pub2; Maziak W, 2004, ANN EPIDEMIOL, V14, P646, DOI 10.1016-j.annepidem.2003.11.003; Maziak W, 2004, TOB CONTROL, V13, P327, DOI 10.1136-tc.2004.008169; Maziak W, 2005, PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE, V80, P173, DOI 10.1016-j.pbb.2004.10.026; Maziak W, 2008, NICOTINE TOB RES, V10, P519, DOI 10.1080-14622200801901989; Monn C, 2007, TOB CONTROL, V16, P390, DOI 10.1136-tc.2007.021097; Nafae A, 1973, Indian J Chest Dis, V15, P285; Nasrollahzadeh D, 2008, BRIT J CANCER, V98, P1857, DOI 10.1038-sj.bjc.6604369; Natto S, 2005, J PERIODONTOL, V76, P1919, DOI 10.1902-jop.2005.76.11.1919; Neergaard J, 2007, NICOTINE TOB RES, V9, P987, DOI 10.1080-14622200701591591; Nuwayhid IA, 1998, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V148, P375; Pope CA, 2002, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V287, P1132, DOI 10.1001-jama.287.9.1132; Primack BA, 2006, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V96, P1339, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.2006.090381; Primack BA, 2009, PEDIATRICS, V123, pE282, DOI 10.1542-peds.2008-1663; Primack BA, 2008, ANN BEHAV MED, V36, P81, DOI 10.1007-s12160-008-9047-6; Rice VH, 2003, PREV MED, V37, P492, DOI 10.1016-S0091-7435(03)00175-0; Rice VH, 2006, MERRILL PALMER QUART, V52, P327, DOI 10.1353-mpq.2006.0020; ROSACKER C, 2006, DAILY NEBRASKAN 0920; Sajid Khan Mohammad, 2007, J Pak Med Assoc, V57, P595; Sajid KM, 2008, HARM REDUCT J, V5, DOI 10.1186-1477-7517-5-19; Schroeder SA, 2005, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V294, P482, DOI 10.1001-jama.294.4.482; Sepetdjian E, 2008, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V46, P1582, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2007.12.028; Shafagoj YA, 2002, SAUDI MED J, V23, P953; Shihadeh A, 2004, PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE, V79, P75, DOI 10.1016-j.pbb.2004.06.005; Shihadeh A, 2006, J AEROSOL MED, V19, P137, DOI 10.1089-jam.2006.19.137; Shihadeh A, 2003, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V41, P143, DOI 10.1016-S0278-6915(02)00220-X; Shihadeh A, 2005, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V43, P655, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2004.12.013; Smith SY, 2007, NICOTINE TOB RES, V9, P977, DOI 10.1080-14622200701540796; Smith-Simone S, 2008, NICOTINE TOB RES, V10, P393, DOI 10.1080-14622200701825023; Steentoft Johnna, 2006, Ugeskr Laeger, V168, P904; SUKUMAR A, 1992, BIOL TRACE ELEM RES, V34, P99, DOI 10.1007-BF02783902; Tamim H, 2007, AM J HEALTH BEHAV, V31, P56; Tamim H, 2008, BJOG-INT J OBSTET GY, V115, P91, DOI 10.1111-j.1471-0528.2007.01568.x; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004, HLTH CONS SMOK REP S; VARSANO S, 2003, HAREFUAH, V142; Ward KD, 2006, PREV MED, V43, P92, DOI 10.1016-j.ypmed.2006.03.010; Ward K D, 2006, Tob Control, V15 Suppl 1, pi24, DOI 10.1136-tc.2005.014860; Ward KD, 2007, NICOTINE TOB RES, V9, P1339, DOI 10.1080-14622200701705019; Ward KD, 2005, NICOTINE TOB RES, V7, P149, DOI 10.1080-14622200412331328402; Watkins S S, 2000, Nicotine Tob Res, V2, P19; Weglicki LS, 2007, ETHN DIS S3, V17, pS3; White JL, 2001, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V39, P499, DOI 10.1016-S0278-6915(00)00155-1; *WHO, 2007, FACTSH 310 TOP 10 CA; *WHO, 2006, PUBLICATION WHO EMRO; World Health Organization, 2005, WAT TOB SMOK HLTH EF; Yunis K, 2007, INT J PUBLIC HEALTH, V52, P223, DOI 10.1007-s00038-007-6087-9; 2004, SMOKESHOP86939
Nicotine exposure in daily waterpipe smokers and its relation to puff topography
No full textWaterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing in popularity worldwide and available evidence point to its addictive and harmful potential. This study is conducted to assess nicotine exposure in daily waterpipe smokers, and its correlation with puff topography parameters. Sixty-one waterpipe tobacco smokers (56 males; mean age ± SD, 30.9 ± 9.5. years; mean number of weekly waterpipe smoking episodes 7.8 ± 5.7) abstained from smoking for at least 24. h, and then smoked tobacco from a waterpipe ad libitum in a laboratory setting. During the session puff topography parameters were monitored continuously, and pre- and post-smoking expired-air CO was measured. Before and after smoking, venous blood was sampled for the assessment of plasma nicotine using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The average pre- and post-smoking expired-air CO was 4 ± 1.7 and 35.5 ± 32.7. ppm, respectively (i.e., a CO boost of 31.5. ppm, p .001). Mean plasma nicotine concentration increased from 3.07 ± 3.05. ng-ml pre-smoking to 15.7 ± 8.7. ng-ml post-smoking (p .001). Plasma nicotine boost was correlated with total session time (Pearson correlation coefficient r = .31, p=.04), cumulative puff duration (r = .37, p = .01), mean puff duration (r = .34, p = .02), and total smoke inhaled in the session (r = .34, p = .02. These data show considerable nicotine exposure in daily waterpipe smokers, and that nicotine exposure is a function of waterpipe smoking patterns. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.Akl EA, 2010, INT J EPIDEMIOL, V39, P834, DOI 10.1093-ije-dyq002; Asfar T, 2005, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V5, DOI 10.1186-1471-2458-5-19; Bacha Zeina Aoun, 2007, Inhal Toxicol, V19, P771, DOI 10.1080-08958370701401699; Cobb C, 2010, AM J HEALTH BEHAV, V34, P275; Eissenberg T, 2009, AM J PREV MED, V37, P518, DOI 10.1016-j.amepre.2009.07.014; Kim I, 2006, J MASS SPECTROM, V41, P815, DOI 10.1002-jms.1039; Maziak W, 2009, NICOTINE TOB RES, V11, P806, DOI 10.1093-ntr-ntp066; Maziak W, 2008, ADDICTION, V103, P1763, DOI 10.1111-j.1360-0443.2008.02327.x; Monzer B, 2008, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V46, P2991, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2008.05.031; Salameh P, 2008, NICOTINE TOB RES, V10, P149, DOI 10.1080-14622200701767753; Shafagoj YA, 2002, INT J CLIN PHARM TH, V40, P249; Shihadeh A, 2004, PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE, V79, P75, DOI 10.1016-j.pbb.2004.06.005; Shihadeh A, 2005, BEHAV RES METHODS, V37, P186, DOI 10.3758-BF03206414; Smith-Simone S, 2008, NICOTINE TOB RES, V10, P393, DOI 10.1080-14622200701825023; Ward KD, 2006, PREV MED, V43, P92, DOI 10.1016-j.ypmed.2006.03.010; Warren Charles W, 2009, Glob Health Promot, V16, P38, DOI 10.1177-175797590934219214202
Recommended from our members
Letter from A.L. Monmerqué de Courmont.
No full textLetter from A.L. Monmerqué de Courmont, possibly Adélaïde Louise de Monmerqué (1767-1835) who had been married to Louis Marie Le Bas de Courmont (1741-1794), dated 10 pluvoise. It is not addressed but was presumably sent to Philippe-Antoine Merlin, as it comprises the verso of one of his requisitions from 1802. In this letter the author requests a day and an hour when she (or he) might meet with the recipient
S.L.I.M., a small linear interdependent model of eight EU-member states, the USA and Japan
No full textInternational Economics;EU
A Review of Some Updates in the 13th Edition of “Sears and Zemansky’s University Physics with Modern Physics” (Authors: Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman; contributing author, A. Lewis Ford; 2012)
No full textYoung, H.D.; and Freedman, R.A.; Ford, A.L. (contributing author). 2012. Sears and Zemansky’s University Physics with Modern Physics. 13th ed.Pearson Education, Inc., Addison-Wesley, San Francisco, CA, USA
Chemical composition of size-resolved particulate matter at near-freeway and urban background sites in the greater Beirut area
No full textTo characterize road-traffic emissions in the greater Beirut area, size-resolved PM10-2.5, PM2.5-0.25 and PM0.25 samples were concurrently collected at near-freeway and background sites. While particle mass levels were 1.3-2.6 times greater at the roadside than background location, PM10-2.5 and PM0.25 prevailed at both sites (36-43percent of PM10). A chemical mass closure showed that PM10-2.5 was mostly composed of crustal material, contributing to 12-23percent of its mass across sites. On the other hand, in PM2.5-0.25 and PM0.25, organic matter (46-56percent) was dominant at the roadside location, while secondary ions (SI, 54-68percent) were more abundant at the background site. In the vicinity of the freeway, organic carbon (OC) levels varied from 4μgm-3 in PM10-2.5 to 10.1μgm-3 in PM0.25, exceeding those at the background site by 4-7 times. In contrast, OC was largely water-soluble at the background location, with its water-soluble fraction displaying comparable PM2.5-0.25- and PM0.25-concentrations at both sites, corroborating its regional secondary origin. PM0.25-elemental carbon (EC), which dominated overall EC mass, was 7-fold greater at the near-freeway than background location, indicating a contribution from diesel or also smoking vehicles to road-traffic emissions. PM2.5-SI showed fairly uniform concentrations across sites, confirming their mainly regional source. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were undetected at the coastal background site, whereas their levels peaked at 11.5ngm-3 in proximity to the freeway, with the majority confined to PM0.25. Compared to other roadways, organic compounds at the freeway location exhibited high hopanes plus steranes-to-total carbon ratios (0.16-1.1ngμg-1), indicative of different engine configurations, fleet or also lubricating oil formulation. At both locations, PM0.25-bound n-alkanes (C19-C34) showed a predominance of high molecular weight homologues and no carbon number preference, suggesting their likely road dust source. Findings of this work indicate that ambient particles at the urban background site in Beirut are mainly of secondary origin and exist in significantly lower levels relative to PM at the roadside location. Particle emissions at the near-freeway site markedly exceed those measured at roadways in similar areas in the U.S. with comparable meteorology and geomorphology. Compared to I-710-a diesel-impacted freeway in Southern California-levels of potentially toxic vehicular tracers are 5 (EC) and 3.7 (PAHs) times greater at the freeway in this study. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.Andrews E, 2000, J AIR WASTE MANAGE, V50, P648; Arhami M, 2009, AEROSOL SCI TECH, V43, P145, DOI 10.1080-02786820802534757; Arhami M., 2009, INDOOR AIR, V20, P17; Baalbaki R, 2013, J AIR WASTE MANAGE, V63, P327, DOI 10.1080-10962247.2012.761660; Bauer H, 2008, ATMOS ENVIRON, V42, P5542, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2008.03.019; Cho AK, 2005, ENVIRON RES, V99, P40, DOI 10.1016-j.envres.2005.01.003; CHOW JC, 1994, ATMOS ENVIRON, V28, P2061, DOI 10.1016-1352-2310(94)90474-X; Draxler R.R., 2003, HYSPLIT HYBRID SINGL; Hueglin C, 2005, ATMOS ENVIRON, V39, P637, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2004.10.027; Hughes LS, 1998, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V32, P1153, DOI 10.1021-es970280r; IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer), 1987, IARC MON EV CARC RIS, P1; Kam W, 2012, ATMOS ENVIRON, V55, P90, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2012.03.028; Kouyoumdjian H., 2005, ATMOS CHEM PHYS DISC, V5, P13053, DOI [10.5194-acpd-5-13053-2005, DOI 10.5194-ACPD-5-13053-2005]; Kouyoumdjian H, 2006, ATMOS CHEM PHYS, V6, P1865; LCDR-TEAM, 2000, BEIR URB TRANSP PROJ, V2; Liacos JW, 2012, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V435, P159, DOI 10.1016-j.scitotenv.2012.06.106; Limbeck A, 2001, ATMOS ENVIRON, V35, P1853, DOI 10.1016-S1352-2310(00)00497-0; Mader BT, 2002, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V36, P5218, DOI 10.1021-es011048v; Manchester-Neesvig JB, 2003, J AIR WASTE MANAGE, V53, P1065; Marcazzan GM, 2001, ATMOS ENVIRON, V35, P4639, DOI 10.1016-S1352-2310(01)00124-8; Massoud R, 2011, ATMOS RES, V101, P893, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosres.2011.05.019; Menichini E, 1999, ATMOS ENVIRON, V33, P3739, DOI 10.1016-S1352-2310(99)00114-4; Misra C, 2002, J AEROSOL SCI, V33, P1027, DOI 10.1016-S0021-8502(02)00055-1; MoE-URC-GEF, 2012, LEB TECHN NEEDS ASS; Morawska L, 1998, ATMOS ENVIRON, V32, P2467, DOI 10.1016-S1352-2310(98)00023-5; Noble CA, 1996, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V30, P2667, DOI 10.1021-es950669j; Oliveira C, 2007, ATMOS ENVIRON, V41, P5555, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2007.03.001; Peters A, 2001, CIRCULATION, V103, P2810; PETERS KE, 1992, ENERG FUEL, V6, P560, DOI 10.1021-ef00035a005; Pope CA, 2002, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V287, P1132, DOI 10.1001-jama.287.9.1132; Putaud JP, 2004, ATMOS ENVIRON, V38, P2579, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2004.01.041; Robarge WP, 2002, ATMOS ENVIRON, V36, P1661, DOI 10.1016-S1352-2310(02)00171-1; ROGGE WF, 1993, ATMOS ENVIRON A-GEN, V27, P1309, DOI 10.1016-0960-1686(93)90257-Y; ROGGE WF, 1993, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V27, P1892, DOI 10.1021-es00046a019; ROGGE WF, 1993, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V27, P2700, DOI 10.1021-es00049a008; ROGGE WF, 1993, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V27, P636, DOI 10.1021-es00041a007; Saliba NA, 2007, ATMOS ENVIRON, V41, P6497, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2007.04.032; Saliba NA, 2010, ATMOS RES, V97, P106, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosres.2010.03.011; Schauer JJ, 2002, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V36, P1169, DOI 10.1021-es0108077; Schauer JJ, 2003, J EXPO ANAL ENV EPID, V13, P443, DOI 10.1038-sj.jea.7500298; Sciare J, 2003, ATMOS CHEM PHYS, V3, P291; See SW, 2007, ENVIRON RES, V103, P317, DOI 10.1016-j.envres.2006.08.012; Seinfeld J. H., 2006, ATMOSPHERIC CHEM PHY; Shaka' H, 2004, ATMOS ENVIRON, V38, P523, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2003.10.009; Sillanpaa M, 2005, ATMOS CHEM PHYS, V5, P2869; Sillanpaa M., 2006, ATMOS ENVIRON, V40, P212, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2006.01.063; SIMONEIT BRT, 1989, J ATMOS CHEM, V8, P251, DOI 10.1007-BF00051497; STEPHANOU EG, 1993, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V27, P1403, DOI 10.1021-es00044a016; Sternbeck J, 2002, ATMOS ENVIRON, V36, P4735, DOI 10.1016-S1352-2310(02)00561-7; Tonne C, 2007, ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP, V115, P53, DOI 10.1289-ehp.9587; Turpin BJ, 2001, AEROSOL SCI TECH, V35, P602, DOI 10.1080-02786820152051454; UNEP-Jordan, 2008, UNEP JORD NAT POSTL; Waked A, 2012, ATMOS ENVIRON, V61, P446, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2012.07.064; Weber RJ, 2007, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V112, DOI 10.1029-2007JD008408; Westerdahl D, 2005, ATMOS ENVIRON, V39, P3597, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2005.02.034; Yao XH, 2004, ATMOS ENVIRON, V38, P963, DOI 10.1016-j.atmosenv.2003.10.048; Zhuang H, 1999, ATMOS ENVIRON, V33, P4223, DOI 10.1016-S1352-2310(99)00186-7; Zielinska B, 2004, J AIR WASTE MANAGE, V54, P113844
Absorption refrigeration machines: Theoretical and experimental assessment of the performance of aqua-ammonia absorption machines operated at marginal conditions, e.g. when powered by solar or waste heat. Development of a new type of absorber.
No full textMechanical, Maritime and Materials EngineeringMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin
Development of an advanced absorption heat transformer
No full textMechanical Maritime and Materials Engineerin
Thermal energy storage by means of an absorption cycle
No full textMechanical Maritime and Materials Engineerin
- …
