2,357 research outputs found
Ethnic identity, political identity and ethnic conflict: simulating the effect of congruence between the two identities on ethnic violence and conflict
No full textThis thesis outlines and presents an alternative hypothetical process to the emergence of ethnic conflict. Ethnic conflicts, rather than being dependent upon pre-existing 'ancient hatreds', are instead the result of a congruence between ethnic and political identity which grants individuals the ability to use ethnicity to identify and eliminate political threats. This hypothesis is formed by the examination of three case studies of ethnic conflict: Lebanon, Northern Ireland and Croatia. This hypothesis is then formalised and tested using an agent based simulation in which agent interactions are dependent upon ethnic and political identity and the congruence between the two. As predicted there was a strong positive correlation between how accurately ethnic identity reflected political identity and the level of ethnically motivated violence in the simulation, although the relationship was not linear. Furthermore the effect of a shift in congruence was found to be roughly comparable to the effect of initialising agents with a moderate level of pre-existing ethnic antagonism
Selected Contributions of Sister Mary Berenice Beck, O.S.F. to Nursing in the United States, 1923-1956
No full textby Sister M. Timothy Costello.Typescript.Thesis (M.S.N.)--Catholic University of America.Bibliography: leaves 44-47.Also available in microfilm
Climate change mitigation: trade-offs between delay and strength of action required
No full textClimate change mitigation via a reduction in the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) is the principle requirement for reducing global warming, its impacts, and the degree of adaptation required. We present a simple conceptual model of anthropogenic CO2 emissions to highlight the trade off between delay in commencing mitigation, and the strength of mitigation then required to meet specific atmospheric CO2 stabilization targets. We calculate the effects of alternative emission profiles on atmospheric CO2 and global temperature change over a millennial timescale using a simple coupled carbon cycle-climate model. For example, if it takes 50 years to transform the energy sector and the maximum rate at which emissions can be reduced is ?2.5% , delaying action until 2020 would lead to stabilization at 540 ppm. A further 20 year delay would result in a stabilization level of 730 ppm, and a delay until 2060 would mean stabilising at over 1,000 ppm. If stabilization targets are met through delayed action, combined with strong rates of mitigation, the emissions profiles result in transient peaks of atmospheric CO2 (and potentially temperature) that exceed the stabilization targets. Stabilization at 450 ppm requires maximum mitigation rates of ?3% to ?5% , and when delay exceeds 2020, transient peaks in excess of 550 ppm occur. Consequently tipping points for certain Earth system components may be transgressed. Avoiding dangerous climate change is more easily achievable if global mitigation action commences as soon as possible. Starting mitigation earlier is also more effective than acting more aggressively once mitigation has begun. <br/
ASO Author Reflections: Re-resection of Positive Bile Duct Margin for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma
No full textAuthor Reflections: Re-resection of Positive Bile Duct Margin for Hilar Cholangiocarcinom
Single-transverse-mode broadband luminescence source based on a PLS grown Ti:sapphire waveguide in rib geometry
No full textRib waveguides have been fabricated in pulsed-laser-deposited Ti:sapphire layers using photolithographic patterning and subsequent Ar-beam milling. Fluorescence output powers up to 0.3 mW have been observed from the ribs following excitation by a 3W multiline argon laser.Mode intensity profiles show high optical confinement and the measured beam propagation factors and of 1.12 and 1.16 respectively, indicate single transverse mode fluorescence emission. Loss measurements using the self-pumped phase conjugation technique have yielded comparable values (1.7dB/cm) for the ribs and the unstructured planar waveguide counterparts.The combination of optimum modal properties and strong optical confinement, together with sufficient levels of fluorescence output, make the single-moded Ti:sapphire rib waveguides a very interesting candidate as a fluorescence source for optical coherence tomography applications
Spectroscopy of M+? Rg and transport coefficients of M+ in Rg (M = Rb-Fr; Rg = He-Rn)
No full textHigh-level, CCSD(T), ab initio calculations are employed to determine accurate potential energy curves for the Rb+ . Rg, Cs+ . Rg and Fr+ . Rg species (where Rg = He-Rn). Large flexible valence basis sets are combined with effective core potentials (ECPs). The potential energy curves are used to obtain spectroscopic constants and, in addition, to calculate transport coefficients for Rb+, Cs+ and Fr+ moving in the respective rare gas. These transport coefficients are then statistically compared to previous data. It is concluded that the potentials are reliable. Some disagreement is found with some of the Cs+ transport data, which is attributed to non-equilibration in the experiments performed for heavy-M+/light Rg combinations. A distinct advantage of the present potentials is that they are totally ab initio, and consequently do not require experimental data to which to be fitted, as do many of the various forms of model potential available
t-pollington/developments_tau_statistic: First release
No full textCode release archived on Zenodo from the following paper:
@ARTICLE{Pollington2021, author={Pollington, T.M. and Tildesley, M.J. and Hollingsworth, T.D. and Chapman, L.A.C.},
volume = {42},
pages = {100438},
year = {2021},
note = {Towards Spatial Data Science},
issn = {2211-6753},
title={{Developments in statistical inference when assessing spatiotemporal disease clustering with the tau statistic}},
journal={Spatial Statistics},
doi={10.1016/j.spasta.2020.100438},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211675320300324},
keywords = {Second order dependence, Pointwise confidence interval, Bias corrected accelerated BCa, Percentile confidence interval, Spatial bootstrap, Graphical hypothesis test} }Please contact Timothy M Pollington as corresponding author on [email protected] for any assistance.
TMP, LACC & TDH gratefully acknowledge funding of the NTD Modelling Consortium by the Bill &
Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) (grant number OPP1184344) and LACC acknowledges funding of
the SPEAK India consortium by BMGF (grant number OPP1183986). Views, opinions, assumptions
or any other information set out in this article should not be attributed to BMGF or any person
connected with them. TMP's PhD is supported by the Engineering & Physical Sciences Research
Council, Medical Research Council and University of Warwick (grant number EP/L015374/1). TMP
thanks Big Data Institute for hosting him during this work
Ti:sapphire rib waveguides as single-transverse-mode broadband fluorescence sources for optical coherence tomography applications
No full textRib waveguides based on pulsed-laser-deposited Ti:sapphire thin films have been fabricated by Ar of 1.12 and 1.16 respectively, indicating single-transverse-mode fluorescence emission. Fluorescence output powers up to 0.3 mW have been observed from the ribs following excitation by a 3W multiline argon laser. The experimental fluorescence output levels for ribs with different size were in satisfactory agreement with theoretical calculations based on a plane wave analysis accounting for ground state depletion
Performance of Ar<sup>+</sup>-milled Ti:sapphire rib waveguides as single transverse mode broadband fluorescent sources
No full textRib waveguides have been fabricated in pulsed-laser-deposited Ti:sapphire layers using photolithographic patterning and subsequent Ar+-beam milling. Fluorescence output powers up to 300µW have been observed from the ribs following excitation by a 3W multiline argon laser. Mode intensity profiles show high optical confinement and the measured beam propagation factors Mx2 and My2 of 1.12 and 1.16 respectively, indicate single transverse mode fluorescence emission. Loss measurements using the self-pumped phase conjugation technique have yielded comparable values (1.7dB/cm) for the ribs and the unstructured planar waveguide counterparts. The combination of optimum modal properties and strong optical confinement, together with sufficient levels of fluorescence output, make the single-moded Ti:sapphire rib waveguides a very interesting candidate as a fluorescence source for optical coherence tomography applications
Broadband single transverse-mode fluorescence sources based on ribs fabricated in pulsed laser deposited Ti:sapphire waveguides
No full textActive rib waveguides with depths and widths varying from 3 to 5 µm and from 9 to 24 µm, respectively, have been structured by Ar+-beam etching in pulsed laser deposited Ti:sapphire layers. Losses in the channel structures were essentially at the same levels as the unstructured planar waveguide host, therefore suggesting that there is no significant additional contribution to loss from the rib-fabrication procedure. Measurements of the beam-propagation factors, Mx2 and My2, indicate single-transverse-mode fluorescence emission. The fluorescence output power was in the order of 300 µW when the structures were pumped by a 3-W multiline argon laser. These characteristics make the rib structures suitable as light sources for optical coherence tomography applications and facilitate their coupling to the optical fibre interferometers of such systems
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