113 research outputs found
China's People-to-people Diplomacy and Its Importance to China-EU Relations: A Historical Institutionalism Perspective
No full textPeople-to-people exchange has become a heated topic of the Chinese foreign policy. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, China has established people-to-people dialogues with the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, France and Russia. In 2012, China and the EU established a high-level dialogue for people-to-people exchange, making people-to-people exchange the third pillar of China-EU relations. However, China is not a newcomer to people-to-people exchanges with Europe. Why does China launch the people-to-people diplomacy? Is it a plus or a must for China as well as for China-EU relations? The author reviews the history and current situation of China's people-to-people exchange and investigates China’s motivations behind the policy. Using the historical institutionalism as an approach, this paper argues that people-to-people diplomacy is a key component of the contemporary Chinese foreign policy towards Europe. China has long been an unequal counterpart to Europe since the 1840s. After the development of bilateral political and economic cooperation in the past four decades, people-to-people diplomacy is the last part that China needs to finish in order to regain equal status with Europe. In addition, it is also a step towards realising the "great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation"
Labeling and Label-Free Shotgun Proteomics Quantification in the Research of Cardiovascular Diseases
No full textGlobal Analysis of Cellular Protein Flux Quantifies the Selectivity of Basal Autophagy
No full textSummaryIn eukaryotic cells, macroautophagy is a catabolic pathway implicated in the degradation of long-lived proteins and damaged organelles. Although it has been demonstrated that macroautophagy can selectively degrade specific targets, its contribution to the basal turnover of cellular proteins has not been quantified on proteome-wide scales. In this study, we created autophagy-deficient primary human fibroblasts and quantified the resulting changes in basal degradative flux by dynamic proteomics. Our results provide a global comparison of protein half-lives between wild-type and autophagy-deficient cells. The data indicate that in quiescent fibroblasts, macroautophagy contributes to the basal turnover of a substantial fraction of the proteome at varying levels. As contrasting examples, we demonstrate that the proteasome and CCT/TRiC chaperonin are robust substrates of basal autophagy, whereas the ribosome is largely protected under basal conditions. This selectivity may establish a proteostatic feedback mechanism that stabilizes the proteasome and CCT/TRiC when autophagy is inhibited
MS1 ion current‐based quantitative proteomics: A promising solution for reliable analysis of large biological cohorts
No full textProteomics Analysis of the Polyomavirus DNA Replication Initiation Complex Reveals Novel Functional Phosphorylated Residues and Associated Proteins
No full textPolyomavirus (PyV) Large T-antigen (LT) is the major viral regulatory protein that targets numerous cellular pathways for cellular transformation and viral replication. LT directly recruits the cellular replication factors involved in initiation of viral DNA replication through mutual interactions between LT, DNA polymerase alpha-primase (Polprim), and single-stranded DNA binding complex, (RPA). Activities and interactions of these complexes are known to be modulated by post-translational modifications; however, high-sensitivity proteomic analyses of the PTMs and proteins associated have been lacking. High-resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) of the immunoprecipitated factors (IPMS) identified 479 novel phosphorylated amino acid residues (PAARs) on the three factors; the function of one has been validated. IPMS revealed 374, 453, and 183 novel proteins associated with the three, respectively. A significant transcription-related process network identified by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was unique to LT. Although unidentified by IPMS, the ETS protooncogene 1, transcription factor (ETS1) was significantly overconnected to our dataset indicating its involvement in PyV processes. This result was validated by demonstrating that ETS1 coimmunoprecipitates with LT. Identification of a novel PAAR that regulates PyV replication and LT’s association with the protooncogenic Ets1 transcription factor demonstrates the value of these results for studies in PyV biology
How could IonStar challenge the current status quo of quantitative proteomics in large sample cohorts?
No full textIBD-related disability among patients with ulcerative colitis in China: a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can lead to physical, psychological, and social disabilities among patients. Objectives: To evaluate the disability level in a cross-sectional study of Chinese patients with UC and identify factors associated with disability. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Methods: Between April 2022 and March 2023, UC patients from the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine responded to questionnaires including the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disability Index (IBD-DI), Fatigue Severity Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. In addition, demographic characteristics and clinical data of the patients were collected. Associated factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 345 patients completed the questionnaires. The median (interquartile range) IBD-DI score was 16.2 (9.6–26.5), and the overall prevalence of disability was 39.7%. IBD-DI correlated with Mayo score, fatigue, anxiety, depression, hemoglobin (HGB), albumin (ALB), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Furthermore, the self-reported disability (IBD-DI > 20) was associated with lower BMI, active UC, disease severity of moderate and severe, disease location of left-sided UC (E2), using corticosteroids or biologics for treatment, Mayo score, fatigue, depression, anxiety, HGB, ALB, complement 3 (C3), and ESR. Notably, lower BMI, higher Mayo score, fatigue, and depression were identified as independent risk factors of disability in UC patients. Conclusion: This study revealed a significant level of disability among the Chinese UC population. Several clinical factors were identified to affect the level of disability, notably the risk factors including BMI, disease severity, fatigue, and depression
Gd-based oxyfluoride glass ceramics: Phase transformation, optical spectroscopy and upconverting temperature sensing
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