85 research outputs found
Microstructure, martensitic transformation and elastocaloric effect in Pd-In-Fe polycrystalline shape memory alloys
No full textIn this work, we have investigated the microstructure, martensitic transformation, and elastocaloric effect of Pd-In-Fe polycrystalline alloys. For this new magnetic shape memory alloys, both phase constitution and morphology highly depend on the Fe content. Exhibiting a single austenite phase at room temperature, Pd59.3In23.2Fe17.5 alloy has a large superelastic cooling effect of - 5.4 K with a low critical stress of 80 MPa to trigger the martensitic transformation. Interestingly, the onset of superelastic stress can be drastically reduced by mechanical training. The rare-earth/Mn-free and non-toxic element constitution, good ductility and tunable transformation temperature render the Pd-In-Fe Heusler system as a promising candidate for elastocaloric cooling
The effect of Tb on elastocaloric and mechanical properties of Ni-Mn-In-Tb alloys
No full textThe influence of partial substitution of Tb for In on the microstructure, martensitic transformation, mechanical properties, and elastocaloric effect of Ni50Mn34In16-xTbx (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) alloys have been investigated. Single-phase alloys are obtained for x 0.3. The phase transformation temperatures initially increase with increasing Tb addition, then decrease with more than 0.3 at.% Tb addition. The existence of secondary phase results in the grain refinement thus improves the mechanical properties of Ni-Mn-In-Tb alloys. A large adiabatic temperature change of 5.1 K induced by uniaxial stress application is observed in Ni50Mn34In15.6Tb0.4. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Influence of Cr on microstructure and elastocaloric effect in Ni-Mn-In-Co-Cr polycrystalline alloys
No full textNi-Mn-based metamagnetic shape memory alloys have been proposed as potential elastocaloric refrigerants. The intrinsic brittleness of the alloys has limited their cooling application. Introducing a soft second phase is an effective way to reduce the brittleness. From the viewpoint of application, the effect of second phase on elastocaloric effect should be illustrated. In this paper, we have investigated the microstructure, martensitic transformation and elastocaloric effect of Ni45Mn37-xIn13Co5Crx (x = 0, 1 and 2) polycrystalline alloys. Single-phase and precipitates-containing microstructures are obtained for the undoped and doped alloys, respectively. The precipitates in Cr-doped alloys enhances the fracture strength but significantly hinders the martensitic transformation. Balancing the fracture strength and martensitic transformation, the Ni45Mn36In13Co5Cr alloy with small amount of precipitates along grain boundaries exhibits large cooling effects of 4-6 K in the temperature range of 317-353 K. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Shi jiu shi ji zhong ye ru zhe dui Jidu zong jiao zhi li jie: yi Yao Ying ji Wei Yuan wei zhong xin = Mid-19th century Confucians' understanding of Christianity : Yao Ying and Wei Yuan.
No full text本文旨在闡釋十九世紀中葉的儒者如何理解基督宗教。筆者以兩位中層官員（姚瑩與魏源）作為主要例子，說明儒者思想和信仰構成的世界觀對世俗世界和超越世界都有一套完整的理解，亦引伸出儒者「經世」的信念。本文認為儒者對基督宗教的理解與他們的世界觀有密不可分的關係，但由於理解的目的在於「經世」，他們亦會在一些情況下基於現實考慮或新資訊的出現而暫時放棄自身的觀感，並進而修正他們的世界觀。藉著相類案例的比較，本文嘗試說明十九世紀中葉的儒者並非單純以自身的信仰批判基督宗教，亦非純粹以帝國官員的立場以純粹的管治和外交原則應對異國的宗教。對他們而言，理解基督宗教的過程就是世界觀、新資訊與現實考慮三者互動的結果。This thesis attempts to explain Confucian understanding of Christianity in the mid-nineteeth century through the views of two government officials, Yau Yin and Wai Yuin, who based their beliefs on both the immanent and transcendent aspects of "Jinshi" or the philosophy of statecraft. This work asserts that the Confucian understanding of Christianity was very much tied to the officials’ perception of secular society. Further, with the increase in knowledge and information, their view of Christianity began to change. Chinese officials’ criticism of Christianity was based on a complex set of factors which included the influx of new ideas, information, government edicts, diplomatic considerations as well as their status in the imperial government. In other words, understanding of Chrisitanity in China developed and evolved with new understanding of historical realities.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.孔德維.Parallel title from English abstract.Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 289-341).Abstracts in English and Chinese.Kong Dewei
The First Imperial Transition in China: A Microhistory of Jiangling (369 – 119 BCE)
No full textThis dissertation challenges the dominant historical narrative about the rise of early Chinese empires, the Qin (221 – 206 BCE) and the Han (202 – 220 BCE), which tends to fixate on the grand strategy and military power of the conquerors while neglecting the agency of the conquered populations. To counteract this one-sided narrative, I investigate the area of Jiangling 江陵 in the middle Yangzi River region, where the capital of Chu 楚—then the most powerful state in South China—was located. Qin’s invasion of the Chu capital area in 278 BCE and Han’s takeover of it in 202 BCE make Jiangling an ideal case study for tracing how a former regional center responded to the rising imperial order from the mid-fourth through the second century BCE. Drawing on a wealth of new archaeological and manuscript evidence, this dissertation is among the first within early China studies to offer a locality-centered microhistory. Chapter 1 analyzes the anatomy of this narrative, which I call the Great Unification—or dayitong 大一統—narrative. Chapter 2 examines settlement and architectural remains from Jinancheng 紀南城 and Yingcheng 郢城 to expose the reality of the Qin conquest. The available evidence suggests that the Qin invaders did not destroy indiscriminately but exercised violence strategically and relied on local know-how to fortify their colonial headquarters. Chapter 3 explores the changing mortuary landscape in Jiangling and the funeral workmen communities in particular. It argues that social change in postconquest Jiangling was the result of a series of negotiations between the native communities and the colonial governments, negotiations that were as constrained by local conditions as they were by imperial directives. Chapter 4 devises a funeral organizers-centered perspective to trace cultural shifts in Jiangling. Through a statistical analysis of the burial objects arranged by funeral organizers and their changing mortuary representations in tombs, the chapter reveals that cultural perceptions related to food and drink, personal property, and government service were deeply affected by the intrusion of Qin and Han modes of social organization. Chapter 5 scales up to a more macro level to analyze the institutional development of three rank systems, i.e., Qin, Neo-Chu, and Han. It discovers an important phenomenon called “rank inflation” and argues that the different ways of controlling rank inflation had a profound effect on Jiangling denizens. Chapter 6 utilizes a group of mortuary documents called gaodice 告地策 (“notifications to underworld authorities”) to focus on the lived experience of three widows of top rank-holders in Jianging, whose tombs were interred with such documents. The chapter reveals the tensions within newly emergent and liminal rank-related identities in the wake of the Han imperial incursion in Jiangling. In a brief conclusion, the dissertation offers some reflections on how to write the first imperial transition free from the Great Unification mantra
Estimation of train dwell time at short stops based on track occupation event data
No full textTrain dwell time is one of the most unpredictable components of railway operations mainly due to the varying volumes of alighting and boarding passengers. For reliable estimations of train running times and route conflicts on main lines it is however necessary to obtain accurate estimations of dwell times at the intermediate stops on the main line, the so-called short stops. This is a big challenge for a more reliable, efficient and robust train operation. Previous research has shown that dwell time is highly dependent on the number of boarding and alighting passengers. However, the latter numbers are usually not available in real time. This paper discusses the possibility of a dwell time estimation model at short stops without passenger demand information, by means of a statistical analysis of track occupation data from the Netherlands. The analysis showed that the dwell times are best estimated for peak and off-peak hour separately. The peak hour dwell times are estimated using a linear regression model of train length, dwell times at previous stops and dwell times of the previous trains. The off-peak hour dwell times are estimated using a non-parametric regression model. There are two major advantages of the proposed estimation model. The model does not need passenger flow data which is usually impossible to know in real time in practice. Also, detailed parameters of rolling stock configuration and platform layout are not required, which eases implementation.Transport & PlanningCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Label-free Medical Image Quality Evaluation by Semantics-aware Contrastive Learning in IoMT
No full textFor the purpose of open access, the author has applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.Peer reviewe
Highly Sensitive Low-Bandgap Perovskite Photodetectors with Response from Ultraviolet to the Near-Infrared Region
No full textDETRAINING EFFECTS OF TAI CHI ON STATIC BALANCE IN OLDER WOMEN
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the detraining effects of Tai Chi (TC) on balance ability in single leg stance (SLS). TC, brisk walking (BW), and control (C) groups completed a 16-week intervention and 8-week detraining program. Time and center of pressure trajectory in SLS was tested with pressure plate at baseline, 16th, 24th week. Primary outcome (Time) and secondary outcomes (Lng, Area, D-ap, D-ml) improved significantly at the 16th week in the TC and BW groups. Most outcomes increased significantly at the 24th week compared to the 16th week in the BW group. TC was effective to improve balance ability and maintaining intervention gains and is recommended as an appropriate exercise to prevent falls in the older adults
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