1,329 research outputs found
Protective role of the dynamin inhibitor Dynasore against the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin of Trueperella pyogenes
No full textThe virulence of many Gram-positive bacteria depends on cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs), which form pores in eukaryotic cell plasma membranes. Pyolysin (PLO) from Trueperella pyogenes provided a unique opportunity to explore cellular responses to CDCs because it does not require thiol activation. Sublytic concentrations of PLO stimulated phosphorylation of MAPK ERK and p38 in primary stromal cells, and induced autophagy as determined by protein light-chain 3B cleavage. Although, inhibitors of MAPK or autophagy did not affect PLO-induced cytolysis. However, 10 μM 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-hydrazide (Dynasore), a dynamin guanosine 5′-triphosphatase inhibitor, protected stromal cells against PLO-induced cytolysis as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (85 ± 17% versus 50 ± 9% cell viability), measuring extracellular ATP, and kinetic assays. This was a generalized mechanism because Dynasore also protected HeLa cells against streptolysin O. Furthermore, the effect was reversible, with stromal cell sensitivity to PLO restored within 30 minutes of Dynasore removal. The protective effect of Dynasore was not conferred by dynamin inhibition, induction of ERK phosphorylation, or Dynasore binding to PLO. Rather, Dynasore reduced cellular cholesterol and disrupted plasma membrane lipid rafts, similar to positive control methyl-β-cyclodextrin. Dynasore is a tractable tool to explore the complexity of cholesterol homeostasis in eukaryotic cells and to develop strategies to counter CDCs.—Preta, G., Lotti, V., Cronin, J. G., and Sheldon, I. M. Protective role of the dynamin inhibitor Dynasore against the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin of Trueperella pyogenes
A Lagrangian sub-grid model for the dispersion of clouds of tracers
No full textTurbulence models are expected to satisfy the conflicting requirements of accuracy and computational efficiency. Here we discuss a new model that was recently developed in order to accurately and efficiently describe the dynamic of a clouds of tracers particles in Large Eddy Simulations of homogeneous and isotropic turbulent flows. The models incorporates the multi-scale nature of time and space turbulent velocity correlations that are essential in order to correctly reproduce the relative dispersion of multi-particle clouds. The model can be seen as an off-grid solver for the Eulerian velocity field at the positions of a given number of Lagrangian tracers that self-consistently move with it. Extensions to non homogeneous and isotropic turbulence as well as to the dynamics of particles will be discussed
I.M. Panagiotopoulos as an autobiographer: the adventure of the hero and the personal myth of the author
No full textThe present doctoral dissertation refers to the complex and prominent image of I.M. Panagiotopoulos as a human being, which emerges through his exuberant and diverse work. This dissertation explains man with work and work with man and highlights a special aspect of I.M. Panagiotopoulos that of the pedagogue, through his pedagogical texts, his presence in the classroom and, in general, his pedagogical action. It refers to his childhood, repulsed mostly to the unconscious and to the deeper layers of his psyche. Also, the object of this study is the novel writing of I.M. Panagiotopoulos which istreated as a consequence of the denaturation of his obstructed erotic energy. Next, the two dominant impulses, Love and Death that meet in art and in life, are explored, with the impulses of Death predominant, a fact that leads to their narcissistic character, as well as to their conflicting nature. The anthropogeographical and metaphysical elements that constitute the concept and ontology of Greece are then highlighted. Then, the pedagogical work of I.M. Panagiotopoulos, his positions,contradictions and his proposals for Education is examined. I.M. Panagiotopoulos fought for a school that will offer Liberal Education, within a democratic regime that defines the equality of opportunity in learning. In addition, our national language is presented during its historical course and its expressive and iconographic boldness is highlighted. Finally, this thesis codifies the evolutionary stages of a single hero and creates a typology of his inner adventure, which is the adventure of the hero's desire. It also traces the author's personal myth on a general level, the correspondences and the dialectical relationship between the author and his work, in such a one-way way, that the work defines and composes the author and not vice versa.Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή αναφέρεται στη σύνθετη κα εξέχουσα εικόνα του Ι.Μ. Παναγιωτόπουλου ως ανθρώπου, η οποία ξεπροβάλλει μέσα από το πληθωρικό και πολύμορφο έργο του. Εξηγεί τον άνθρωπο με το έργο και το έργο με τον άνθρωπο. Αναδεικνύει μια ξεχωριστή πλευρά του Ι.Μ. Παναγιωτόπουλου αυτή του Παιδαγωγού, μέσα από τα παιδαγωγικά του κείμενα, από την παρουσία του στην τάξη και γενικότερα από την παιδαγωγική του δράση. Αναφέρεται στην παιδική του ηλικία απωθημένη ως επί το πλείστον στο ασυνείδητο και στα βαθύτερα στρώματα του ψυχισμού του. Επίσης, αντικείμενο της μελέτης είναι η μυθιστορηματική γραφή του Ι.Μ. Παναγιωτόπουλου που αντιμετωπίζεται ως απόρροια μετουσίωσης της παρεμποδισμένης ερωτικής του ενέργειας. Ακολούθως, διερευνώνται οι δύο κυρίαρχες ενορμήσεις, του Έρωτα και του Θανάτου, που ανταμώνουν στην τέχνη και στη ζωή, με κυρίαρχες μάλιστα τις ενορμήσεις του Θανάτου, γεγονός που οδηγεί στον ναρκισσικό χαρακτήρα τους, καθώς και στη συγκρουσιακή τους φύση. Στη συνέχεια, αναδεικνύονται τα ανθρωπογεωγραφικά και μεταφυσικά στοιχεία που συνιστούν την έννοια και την οντολογία της Ελλάδας. Κατόπιν, εξετάζεται το Παιδαγωγικό του έργο και παρουσιάζονται οι θέσεις, οι αντιθέσεις και οι προτάσεις του Ι.Μ. Παναγιωτόπουλου για την Παιδεία. Ο Ι.Μ. Παναγιωτόπουλος αγωνίστηκε για ένα σχολείο, το οποίο θα προσφέρει Αγωγή φιλελεύθερη, μέσα σ’ ένα δημοκρατικό καθεστώς που ορίζει την ισότητα των ευκαιριών στη μάθηση. Επιπλέον, παρουσιάζεται η εθνική μας γλώσσα κατά την ιστορική της διαδρομή και αναδεικνύεται η εκφραστική και εικονοπλαστική της τόλμη. Τέλος, η παρούσα διατριβή κωδικοποιεί τα εξελικτικά στάδια ενός ενιαίου ήρωα και δημιουργεί μια τυπολογία της εσωτερικής του περιπέτειας, που είναι η περιπέτεια της επιθυμίας του ήρωα. Επίσης, ανιχνεύονται ο προσωπικός μύθος του συγγραφέα σε ένα γενικό επίπεδο, οι αντιστοιχίες και η διαλεκτική σχέση ανάμεσα στον συγγραφέα και στο έργο του, με τέτοιο μονοδρομικό τρόπο, ώστε το έργο να καθορίζει και να συνθέτει τον συγγραφέα και όχι αντίθετα
Climate Policy and Border Tax Adjustments: Some New Wine Mixed with Old Wine in New Green Bottles?
No full textCurrent policy discussions are making a very clear connection between domestic climate policies and international trade. In this article, the economic, legal and implementation issues relating to border tax adjustments for climate policies are discussed. The overall conclusion drawn is that the connection between trade and the environment is not new, having been discussed in considerable detail since the early 1990s, and reflected in an extensive economics literature. In addition, the legal aspects of border tax adjustments are not particularly new, although only a WTO ruling on their use in the presence of domestic climate policies will resolve any legal uncertainty about their use. However, there are some new issues concerning the determination and implementation of border tax adjustments for domestic climate polices that do present additional layers of complexity.climate policy, competitiveness, border tax adjustment, Environmental Economics and Policy, Financial Economics, Political Economy,
The effect of maternal body condition score before and during pregnancy on the glucose tolerance of adult sheep offspring
No full textThis study investigates the effects of diet-induced changes in maternal body condition on glucose tolerance in sheep. Welsh Mountain ewes were established, by dietary manipulation, at a body condition score of 2 (lower body condition [LBCS], n = 17) or >3 (higher body condition [HBCS], n = 19) prior to and during pregnancy. Birth weight and postnatal growth were similar in LBCS and HBCS offspring. In young adulthood, LBCS offspring had increased fasting glucose levels (3.8 +/- 0.07 vs 3.6 +/- 0.05 mM, P < .05), poorer glucose tolerance (2274 +/- 22.6 vs 2161 +/- 33 min/mM, P < .01), and reduced insulin secretion (0.58 +/- 0.05 vs 0.71 +/- 0.07 nM/min, P = .07). Increased fasting glycemia, mild glucose intolerance, and impaired initial insulin secretory response, as observed in LBCS offspring, are indictors of increased diabetes risk in humans. These findings suggest that altered maternal body composition and an imbalance between the fetal and postnatal environment influence offspring glucose tolerance
Methods and software for significant indicators determination of the natural language texts author profile
No full textMethods for the formation and optimization of author profiles are presented. The author profile is an image – a vector in a multidimensional space, which components are author’s texts measurements by a number of methods based on 4-grams, stemming, recurrence analysis and formal stochastic grammar. The author’s profile is a model of his language, including vocabulary, sentence syntax features. A comparative analysis of each of the methods effectiveness is carried out. By means of the genetic algorithm, a reduced profile of the author is formed. Insignificant indicators are excluded, which allows to reduce their number by 20%. The reduced author’s profile contains attributes that are significant for this author and is an effective attribution of a particular author.Prombles in programming 2023; 3: 22-2
INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE IN PROCESSED FOODS: PATTERNS AND CURIOSITIES
No full textInternational Relations/Trade,
Information about the Golden Horde in the Saltuk-name of the Ottoman author Ebul-Khayri Rumi
No full textThe purpose of the study is to analyze information on the history of the Golden Horde from the multi-volume work of Ebul-Khayri Rumi “Saltuk-name”, an Ottoman author of the 15th century.
Research materials. Ottoman historical works contain quite original information about the Golden Horde and the Tatar khanates. Their information allows us to reveal previously unknown pages of the history of the Golden Horde period. One of such important and early works is the three-volume work “Saltuk-name” by Ebul-Khayri Rumi, an Ottoman author of the 15th century, describing the legendary history of Sary-Saltuk, who was engaged in the spread of Islam, including in the lands of the Golden Horde, primarily in Crimea. In Russian-language historiography, this author is little known and his information has not been used for scientific research. The relevance of the article is explained by the need to introduce into scientific circulation the information of the “Saltuk-name” about the Golden Horde.
Results and scientific novelty. The study is the first attempt at a systematic analysis of Ebul-Khayri Rumi’s Saltuk-name in Russian. The novelty of the study is the introduction of specific information from the Ottoman historical work and its interpretation into scientific circulation. This study provides an important impetus for the introduction of information from the works of Ottoman authors who wrote about the Golden Horde into active scientific circulation
Measurements of fluid flow in weld pools
No full textUnderstanding the fluid flow in weld pools contributes significantly toward controlling the heat distribution in the base material and the mass distribution of molten base and additive materials. Currently, most investigations focus primarily on numerical models, due to the experimental difficulties associated with the challenging environment in and around the weld pool. Numerical simulations based on computational fluid dynamics are currently addressing the dynamic behaviour of weld pools, such as melting, solidification, temperature and velocity fields; these results provide information about conditions inside the weld pool that is impossible to gain experimentally. However, there is still a shortage of experimental validation to support these models. In this thesis, experimental methods are applied to study the fluid flow of the weld pool in both arc and laser generated weld pools. The general conclusions from the experimental study provides some suggestions for understanding the fluid flow in the weld pool, such as flow asymmetry, rotational flow and interface instabilities. For example, the interface instabilities can affect the energy and mass distribution. Describing these instabilities numerically requires three dimensional flow models. Moreover, the current experimental results question the validity of works where the surfactant concentration is assumed to be constant in the weld pool without consideration of dynamic diffusion and convection. This work has focused on experimental measurement of the fluid dynamics of weld pools, and current results provide a number of validation cases for further numerical simulations.Materials Science & EngineeringMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin
Microstructural Evolution during High-Frequency Post Weld Impact Treatments for High-Strength Steels
No full textMaterial Science and EngineeringMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin
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