31 research outputs found
A Sentiment-Based Author Verification Model Against Social Media Fraud
No full textInternational audienceThe widespread and capability of Iot devices have made them a primary enabler for online fraud and fake authorship on social media. We present a novel approach, which uses sentiment analysis, to solve the problem of author verification in short text. We perform experimentation with our model on tweets, and show that it yields promising results
Artistic composition in a group: (Once Upon a Time) the stories of Mohammed Muwaffaq Salima: A critical study
No full textتُعَدُّ دراسة أدب الأطفال من الدراسات التي لا يهتم بها الباحثون كثيرًا؛ نظرًا إلى اختلاف خصائصها ومكوناتها والفئة المتلقية لها، كما قَلَّ الاهتمام بها ونشرها بعد عصر التطور التقني؛ فاختلف ما يجذب النشء عن السابق؛ لذا جاءت هذه الدراسة التي تنظر في التشكيل الفني في مجموعة (كان في قديم الزمان) لمؤلفها: محمد موفق سليمة، من خلال استقراء النصوص؛ لتتبع السمات التي تميَّز بها في مجموعته هذه من خلال نصوصه الموازية، وتعليقاته في قصصه، وتوظيفه العناوين الرأسية، والنظر في اللغة التي استخدمها الكاتب وحرصه على انتقاء الألفاظ، وقدرته على توليد القصص المتعددة داخل القصة الواحدة، وبيان أثر هذه السمات في المتلقي بعد تحليل النصوص ونقدها، ومعرفة تعامل الكاتب مع الشخصيات عند اختياره لها وتسميتها، والنظر فيما أحدثته تلك الشخصيات من أثر في تشكيل الحدث، ثم إيراد أبرز ما أسفرت عنه الدراسة من نتائج.The study of children's literature is considered one of the less explored areas by researchers, given its distinct characteristics, components, and target audience. Interest and dissemination in this field have decreased after the era of technological development, as what appeals to children has changed over time. This study examines the artistic composition in the story collection "Once Upon a Time" by its author Muhammad Muwaffaq Salima through textual analysis. It traces the distinctive features of his collection through his parallel texts, comments within his stories, the use of headings, in addition to exploring the language he employs and his careful selection of words. The study also evaluates his ability to generate multiple stories within a single narrative and assesses the impact of these features on the audience after analyzing and critiquing the texts. It delves into the author's technique of characterization, including their selection and naming, and examines the influence of these characters on shaping the events. Finally, it presents the key findings of the study
Parent information needs and experience regarding acute otitis media in children: A systematic review
No full textBackground
Acute otitis media (AOM)—inflammation of the middle ear—is the most common pediatric condition, affecting up to 75 % of children at some time before age 5 years. Despite the high incidence of AOM in children, it presents diverse challenges to parents who do not have accurate information on AOM and its management.
Objective
To respond to this paucity of information we sought to synthesize the literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of parental information needs and experiences relating to AOMmanagement. This systematic review is an important first step in developing parent-informed knowledge translation tools for AOM to bridge the knowledge-practice gap.
Patient involvement
None.
Method
Four electronic databases were searched and articles were screened according to pre- established inclusion criteria. Articles were included in the review if they (1) examined parental information needs and experiences with respect to AOM; (2) were written in English; and (3) were published from January 2000 onward.
Results
Out of 1121 articles retrieved, 21 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings from this review revealed that parents’ knowledge about AOM is generally limited. Further, parents were often poorly informed about what AOM was, which resulted in uncertainty about how to help their child with AOM.
Discussion
Our review findings illustrate that parents of children with AOM have pervasive unmet information needs and information deficits negatively impact AOM management, child and family well-being.
Practical value
Parental experiences and information needs identified through this review were used to develop innovative, evidence-based knowledge translation tools for parents of children with AOM.Women’s and Children’s Health Research Institute (WCHRI)Translating Emergency Knowledge for Kids (TREKK
Understanding parents’ experiences and information needs on pediatric acute otitis media: A qualitative study
No full textBackground:
Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common pediatric bacterial ear infection, affecting up to 75% of children younger than 5 years. Despite the high incidence of AOM in children, the condition presents a number of challenges to parents. The objectives of this study were to describe parents’ experiences of taking care of a child with AOM and to identify their information needs to manage their child with AOM.
Methods:
A qualitative, descriptive design was used to gain insight into information needs of parents’ of children with AOM. Participants were recruited from a specialized pediatric emergency department in a major Canadian urban center (Edmonton, Alberta). Individual semi structured interviews were conducted with 16 parents.
Results:
Seven major themes were identified and described: (1) frequency of AOM, (2) symptoms of AOM experienced by children and parents, (3) AOM symptom management strategies used by parents, (4) parent’s beliefs about AOM, (5) parent’s satisfaction with treatment prescribed by physicians, (6) the effect of AOM on family’s quality of life, and (7) parent’s information needs about AOM. Findings indicate that AOM has considerable negative outcomes for both children and families and that parents would benefit from having more evidence-based resources.
Conclusions:
This study provides important information around parents’ experiences and information needs for pediatric AOM. Identifying parents’ information needs and developing innovative and communicatively responsive educational approaches for parents are warranted that reflect patient-centered nursing care.Women’s and Children’s Health Research Institute (WCHRI) Innovation grantTranslating Emergency Knowledge for Kids (TREKK
Risk imposed on terpen due to liquefaction caused by induced earthquakes
No full textIn total 326 terpen in the Netherlands are classified as national monuments. A large portion of the terpen are located in the province Groningen. Groningen is often in the news, because of the earthquakes that took place, which were caused by the gas-extraction activities. The earthquakes caused damage to infrastructure and they can also be a threat to the stability of the terpen. Since the earthquakes can lead to soil liquefaction. The goal of this report is to investigate the risk of liquefaction to the terpen due to induced earthquakes. Furthermore, fine sands was the most liquefiable soil type. The Naaldwijk and Eem formations have the highest liquefaction potential based on their soil compositions, densities and age. The Naaldwijk formation is the most prone to liquefaction since it is located more shallow in the underground. Afterwards, cone penetration test data was used to evaluate the soil classes, soil unit weights and soil behaviour indexes. The soil behaviour index values were used to asses the liquefaction potential. In the end, none of the three chosen terpen were liquefiable. Moreover, 2D and 3D visualizations were made in order to better understand the heights and slopes of the terpen
The Narrative Pattern in the Novel “First Person Pronoun” Dhameer Al-Mutaklim” By Fayçal El-Ahmar
No full textThe current study, titled the narrative pattern in the novel “Dhameer Al-mutaklim” by the author Fayçal Al-Ahmar tackles a technical feature that draws attention in the novel, this feature is related to the narrative implication on which the novel was based in building its structure, a technique derived from the narrative heritage that contributed to the creation of a literary hybrid in terms of form. The study has also addressed the levels of the narrator in the novel, as well as the author’s philosophy of presence and absence pursued by him through the distribution and employment of pronouns, namely the “the first person pronoun”, which dominated the chapters of the novel and embodied the voice of the margin in it
Fixed point theorems in the study of positive strict set-contractions operator
No full textThe author use fixed point index properties and the general minorant principle(see Theorem 7:B in [11]) to prove new fixed point theorems for strict set-contractionoperators leaving invariant a cone in a Banach space
Fixed point theorems in the study of positive strict set-contractions
No full textThe author uses fixed point index properties and Inspired by the work in Benmezai and Boucheneb (see Theorem 3.8 in [3]) to prove new fixed point theorems for strict set-contraction defined on a Banach space and leaving invariant a con
Confiance dans les données en ligne : confidentialité dans le texte et vérification sémantique de l'auteur dans les micro-messages
No full textDe nombreux problèmes émanent de la diffusion et l'utilisation des données sur les réseaux sociaux. Il est nécessaire de promouvoir la confiance sur les plateformes sociales, quant au partage et l’utilisation des données. Les données en ligne sont principalement sous forme textuelle, ce qui pose des problèmes aux solutions d'automatisation en raison de la richesse du langage naturel. De plus, l'utilisation des micro-messages comme principal moyen de communication sur les médias sociaux rend le problème beaucoup plus difficile en raison de la rareté des fonctionnalités à analyser par corps de texte. Nos expériences montrent que les solutions d'anonymat des données ne peuvent pas préserver l'anonymat des utilisateurs sans sacrifier la qualité des données. De plus, dans le domaine de la vérification d'auteur, étant donné un ensemble de documents dont l'auteur est connu, nous avons constaté très peu de travaux de recherche travaillant sur les micro-messages. Nous avons également remarqué que l'état de l'art ne prend pas en considération la sémantique des textes, les rendant vulnérables aux attaques par usurpation d'identité. Motivés par ces résultats, nous consacrons cette thèse pour aborder les tâches de (1) identifier les problèmes actuels avec l'anonymat des données utilisateur dans le texte, et fournir une première approche sémantique originale pour résoudre ce problème, (2) étudier la vérification de l'auteur en micro -messages, et développer une nouvelle approche basée sur la sémantique pour résoudre ces défis, et (3) étudier l'effet de l'inclusion de la sémantique dans la gestion des attaques de manipulation, (4) étudier l'effet temporel des données, où les auteurs pourraient avoir changer d'avis au fil du temps. La première partie de la thèse se concentre sur l'anonymat des utilisateurs dans les données textuelles sur les réseaux sociaux, dans le but d'anonymiser les informations personnelles des données des utilisateurs en ligne pour une analyse sécurisée des données sans compromettre la confidentialité des utilisateurs. Nous présentons une première approche basée sur la sémantique, qui peut être personnalisée pour équilibrer la préservation de la qualité des données et la maximisation de l'anonymat de l'utilisateur en fonction de l'application à portée de main. Dans la deuxième partie, nous étudions la vérification d'auteur dans les micro-messages sur les réseaux sociaux. Nous confirmons le manque de recherche en vérification d'auteur sur les micro-messages, et nous montrons que l'état de l'art ne fonctionne pas bien lorsqu'il est appliqué sur des micro-messages. Ensuite, nous présentons une nouvelle approche basée sur la sémantique qui utilise des inclusions de mots et une analyse des sentiments pour collecter l'historique des opinions de l'auteur afin de déterminer l'exactitude de la revendication de paternité et montrer ses performances concurrentielles sur les micro-messages. Nous utilisons ces résultats dans la troisième partie de la thèse pour améliorer encore notre approche. Nous construisons un ensemble de données composé des tweets des 88 influenceurs Twitter les plus suivis. Nous l'utilisons pour montrer que l'état de l'art n'est pas capable de gérer les attaques d'usurpation d'identité, modifiant le message derrière le tweet, tandis que le modèle d'écriture est préservé. D'autre part, puisque notre approche est consciente de la sémantique du texte, elle est capable de détecter les manipulations de texte avec une précision supérieure à 90%. Et dans la quatrième partie de la thèse, nous analysons l'effet temporel des données sur notre approche de vérification d'auteur.Nous étudions l'évolution des opinions des auteurs au fil du temps et comment s'en accommoder dans notre approche. Nous étudions les tendances des sentiments d'un auteur pour un sujet spécifique sur une période de temps et prédisons les fausses allégations de paternité en fonction de la période dans laquelle se situe la revendication.Many Problems surround the spread and use of data on social media. There is a need to promote trust on social platforms, regarding the sharing and consumption of data. Data online is mostly in textual form which poses challenges for automation solutions because of the richness of natural language. In addition, the use of micro-messages as the main means of communication on social media makes the problem much more challenging because of the scarceness of features to analyze per body of text. Our experiments show that data anonymity solutions cannot preserve user anonymity without sacrificing data quality. In addition, in the field of author verification, which is the problem of determining if a body of text was written by a specific person or not, given a set of documents known to be authored by them, we found a lack of research working with micro-messages. We also noticed that the state-of-the-art does not take text semantics into consideration, making them vulnerable to impersonation attacks. Motivated by these findings, we devote this thesis to tackle the tasks of (1) identifying the current problems with user data anonymity in text, and provide an initial novel semantic-based approach to tackle this problem, (2) study author verification in micro-messages and identify the challenges in this field, and develop a novel semantics-based approach to solve these challenges, and (3) study the effect of including semantics in handling manipulation attacks, and the temporal effect of data, where the authors might have changing opinions over time. The first part of the thesis focuses on user anonymity in textual data, with the aim to anonymize personal information from online user data for safe data analysis without compromising users’ privacy. We present an initial novel semantic-based approach, which can be customized to balance between preserving data quality and maximizing user anonymity depending on the application at hand. In the second part, we study author verification in micro-messages on social media. We confirm the lack of research in author verification on micro-messages, and we show that the state-of-the-art, which primarily handles long and medium-sized texts, does not perform well when applied on micro-messages. Then we present a semantics-based novel approach which uses word embeddings and sentiment analysis to collect the author’s opinion history to determine the correctness of the claim of authorship, and show its competitive performance on micro-messages. We use these results in the third part of the thesis to further improve upon our approach. We construct a dataset consisting of the tweets of the 88 most followed twitter influencers. We use it to show that the state-of-the-art is not able to handle impersonation attacks, where the content of a tweet is altered, changing the message behind the tweet, while the writing pattern is preserved. On the other hand, since our approach is aware of the text’s semantics, it is able to detect text manipulations with an accuracy above 90%. And in the fourth part of the thesis, we analyze the temporal effect of data on our approach for author verification. We study the change of authors’ opinions over time, and how to accommodate for that in our approach. We study trends of sentiments of an author per a specific topic over a period of time, and predict false authorship claims depending on what timeframe does the claim of authorship fall in
Phi Montréal : et de la place dans le sac aux étoiles = and Room in the Bag of Stars
No full text" … and room in the bag of stars is a group exhibition that presents works produced in the context of the inaugural PHI MONTRÉAL residency, launched by PHI and carried out in the summer of 2021. The five laureates of this edition of the residency, kimura byol-nathalie lemoine, Salima Punjani, Dominique Sirois, Santiago Tamayo Soler and Karen Trask, proposed projects in response to a prompt inspired by the work of science-fiction author Ursula K. Le Guin: an invitation, after a moment of prolonged social isolation, to imagine spaces, temporalities, conditions, or systems where we can all get together, again. " -- Publishers website
