234,827 research outputs found
Petrobunus Sharma & Giribet 2011
No full textKey to species of Petrobunus 1 Ocularium armed with a median tubercle (Sharma & Giribet, 2011:119, fig. 11b)............................ P. torosus - Ocularium unarmed.................................................................................... 2 2 Free tergites with conspicuous tubercles (Sharma & Giribet, 2011:116, fig. 7a; 118, fig. 10a)................... P. spinifer - Free tergites with granules or unarmed..................................................................... 3 3 Dorsal scutum or Opisthosomal sternite unarmed in male.......................................... P. hebei sp. nov. - Dorsal scutum or Opisthosomal sternite armed tubercles (Fig. 1) or spines (Sharma & Giribet, 2011:112, fig. 4b) in male... 4 4 Scutal area V and free tergites I and II of male armed with paired enlarged lateral tubercles, opisthosomal sternite 7 of male with two large setose spines............................................................. P. chongqing sp. nov. - Dorsal scutum unmared that of tubercles, opisthosomal sternite 7 of male with four large setose spines..... P. schwendingeriPublished as part of Zhang, Chao, Zhang, Feng & Sharma, Prashant P., 2018, Two new species of Petrobunus from China (Opiliones: Laniatores: Petrobunidae), pp. 51-64 in Zootaxa 4524 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4524.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/261031
Petrobunus Sharma and Giribet 2011
No full textPetrobunus Sharma and Giribet, 2011 Petrobunus Sharma & Giribet, 2011: 112. Type species: Petrobunus schwendingeri Sharma and Giribet, 2011, by original designation. Distribution (Fig. 52). China (Chongqing, Hebei, Taiwan), Philippine (Palawan, Panay), Expansion of Penis (Figs. 37–45). Due the hydraulic pressure the glans exhibit a mix of two movements: The capsula externa have an erection movement changing the position (90–100 degrees) respect to the truncus axis and the capsula interna is everted. As result of the capsula interna movement the parastylar lobes are completely everted and folded against the capsula externa and the stylus fully exposed.Published as part of Zhang, Chao, Zhang, Feng & Sharma, Prashant P., 2018, Two new species of Petrobunus from China (Opiliones: Laniatores: Petrobunidae), pp. 51-64 in Zootaxa 4524 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4524.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/261031
Concomitant formation of differently coordinated copper(II) complexes in the same reaction: Structural studies of [trans-Cu(γ-picoline) 2(H 2O) 4](p-toluene sulfonate) 2·2H 2O and [trans-Cu(γ-picoline) 4](p-toluenesulfonate) 2·2H 2O
No full textTwo new copper(II) complexes comprising of coordinated and non-coordinated p-toluenesulfonate, [trans-Cu(γ-pic) 2(H 2O) 4](pts) 2·2H 2O, 1 and [trans-Cu(γ-pic) 4(pts) 2]·2H 2O, 2 (where p-toluenesulfonate = pts and γ-picoline = γ-pic) have been isolated from the same reaction mixture. These complexes have been characterized by spectroscopic techniques, molar conductance, TGA, magnetic susceptibility studies, and single crystal X-ray structure determination. Both complexes crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system with P2 1/c space group having cell dimensions of a = 8.0203(2) , b = 19.4471(4) , c = 10.3000(3) , β = 93.4420(9)°, V = 1603.61(7) 3, (Z = 2) in 1 and a = 10.1473(2) , b = 10.9948(2) , c = 18.0952(5) , β = 93.0340(9)°, V = 2015.96(8) 3, (Z = 2) in 2. Single -crystal X-ray structure determinations revealed the presence of ionic complex, viz: one complex cation [trans-Cu(γ-pic) 2(H 2O) 4], two pts anions and two water molecules of crystallization in the complex 1 and neutral [trans-Cu(γ-pic) 4(pts) 2] and two water molecules of crystallization in 2. The crystal packing in both complexes is stabilized by OH⋯O, CH⋯O hydrogen bonds and CH⋯π interactions
Strategic content and process in family business
No full textStrategic management is different in family firms. In these organizations, a family exercises significant influence over the firm’s crucial decision making processes and choices (Chua, Chrisman & Sharma, 1999). The uniqueness of family business revolves around the important influence of family in terms of determining the firm’s vision and control mechanisms, and the creation of unique resources, capabilities and management action patterns (Chrisman, Steier & Chua, 2008; Chua, Chrisman & Sharma, 2009; Sharma, 2004). This family influence makes the family business unique as it creates patterns of goals, strategies and structures that are often formulated, designed, and implemented in ways that can be radically different from non-family firms. These differences may result in either positive or negative effects on organizational outcomes such as competitive advantage and financial performance (Miller & Le Breton-Miller, 2006), non-financial performance and the preservation of socioemotional wealth (Gomez-Mejia et al., 2007; Zellweger & Nason, 2008), environmental stewardship (Berrone et al., 2010; Sharma & Sharma, 2011), and diversification decisions (Gomez-Mejia, Makri & Larraza-Kintana, 2010; Miller, Le Breton-Miller, & Lester, 2010).
To better capture this uniqueness, this chapter reviews current research on strategy in family business contexts, illustrating the main strategic issues addressed by the existing literature, and potential future extensions. The chapter includes a discussion of the key features of strategy in family businesses, of the potential sources of competitive advantage and disadvantage, and of different aspects of the strategic development process, and it is informed by previous similar efforts at reviewing and conceptualizing the family business strategy literature (Chrisman, Chua & Sharma, 2005; De Massis, Sharma, Chua & Chrisman, 2012; Dyer & Sanchez, 1998; Sharma, 2004; Sharma, Chrisman & Chua, 1997). The chapter also includes an illustration of the potential of a set of previously unused frameworks in understanding strategy and a future research agenda.
The chapter is structured along six sections: 1) a description of the method that was followed to single out the sample of 77 family business strategy scientific works on which the chapter is grounded; 2) an overview of the key contents, theoretical approaches, methods and outcome variables in family business strategy research, as emerging from the representative sample of studies; 3) a description of the key features of family firms that make their strategic choices, processes and outcomes different; 4) an illustration of key strategic contents as emerging from the extensive literature review, with a focus on growth in and around the founder’s core business; 5) a focus on corporate and portfolio strategies of diversification; 6) a concluding section including directions for future research
On the structure and origin of pressure fluctuations in wall turbulence: predictions based on the resolvent analysis
No full textWe generate predictions for the fluctuating pressure field in turbulent pipe flow by re-formulating the resolvent analysis of McKeon & Sharma (2010) in terms of the so-called primitive variables. Under this analysis, the nonlinear convective terms in the Fourier-transformed Navier-Stokes equations are treated as a forcing that is mapped to a velocity and pressure response by the resolvent of the linearized Navier-Stokes operator. At each wavenumber-frequency combination, the turbulent velocity and pressure field are represented by the most-amplified (rank-1) response modes, identified via a singular value decomposition of the resolvent. We show that these rank-1 response modes reconcile many of the key relationships between the velocity field, coherent structure (i.e., hairpin vortices), and the high-amplitude wall-pressure events observed in previous experiment and DNS. A Green’s function representation shows that the pressure fields obtained under this analysis correspond primarily to the fast pressure contribution arising from the linear interaction between the mean shear and the turbulent wall-normal velocity. Recovering the slow pressure requires an explicit treatment of the nonlinear interactions between the Fourier response modes. By considering the velocity and pressure fields associated with the triadically-consistent mode combination studied by Sharma & McKeon (2013), we identify the possibility of an apparent amplitude modulation effect in the pressure field, similar to that observed for the streamwise velocity field. However, unlike the streamwise velocity, for which the large scales of the flow are in phase with the envelope of the small-scale activity close to the wall, we expect there to be a ?/2 phase difference between the large scale wall-pressure and the envelope of the small-scale activity. Finally, we generate spectral predictions based on a rank-1 model assuming broadband forcing across all wavenumber-frequency combinations. Despite the significant simplifying assumptions, this approach reproduces trends observed in previous DNS for the wavenumber spectra of velocity and pressure, and for the scale-dependence of wall-pressure propagation speed
Family Firm Longevity: A Balancing Act between Continuity and Change
No full textWe argue that two conditions necessary for the longevity of a family firm are the continuity of the enterprise name and of the family involvement in business. Beyond these conditions, adaptation and flexibility in mind-set of ???what a family is??? and ???what business we are in??? are likely to achieve longevity of a family firm. A few strategies used by dynastic family firms to strike a winning balance between continuity and change are discussed
Pseudoaspidogaster betwai Agrawal & Sharma 1990
No full text<i>Pseudoaspidogaster betwai</i> Agrawal & Sharma, 1990 <p> <i>Tor</i> <i>tor</i> (Actinopterygii); freshwater; intestine; ORI; India (Asia) (Agrawal & Sharma 1990).</p> <p> Remark: Agrawal & Sharma (1990) established Paraspidogasterinae within Aspidogastridae to accommodate <i>P</i>. <i>betwai</i>. However, Rohde (2002) considered this taxon as synonym of <i>Aspidogaster</i> or <i>Cotylaspis</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Alves, Philippe V., Vieira, Fabiano M., Santos, Cláudia P., Scholz, Tomáš & Luque, José L., 2015, A Checklist of the Aspidogastrea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda) of the World, pp. 339-396 in Zootaxa 3918 (3)</i> on page 366, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3918.3.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/241203">http://zenodo.org/record/241203</a>
Opposition control within the resolvent analysis framework
No full textThis paper extends the resolvent analysis of McKeon & Sharma (2010) to consider flow control techniques that employ linear control laws, focusing on opposition control (Choi et al. 1994) as an example. Under this formulation, the velocity field for turbulent pipe flow is decomposed into a series of highly amplified (rank-1) response modes, identified from a gain analysis of the Fourier-transformed Navier-Stokes equations. These rank-1 velocity responses represent propagating structures of given streamwise/spanwise wavelength and temporal frequency, whose wall-normal footprint depends on the phase speed of the mode. Opposition control, introduced via the boundary condition on wall-normal velocity, affects the amplification characteristics (and wall-normal structure) of these response modes; a decrease in gain indicates mode suppression, which leads to a decrease in the drag contribution from that mode. With basic assumptions, this rank-1 model reproduces trends observed in previous DNS and LES, without requiring high-performance computing facilities. Further, a wavenumber-frequency breakdown of control explains the deterioration of opposition control performance with increasing sensor elevation and Reynolds number. It is shown that slower-moving modes localized near the wall (i.e. attached modes) are suppressed by opposition control. Faster-moving detached modes, which are more energetic at higher Reynolds number and more likely to be detected by sensors far from the wall, are further amplified. These faster-moving modes require a phase lag between sensor and actuator velocity for suppression. Thus, the effectiveness of opposition control is determined by a trade-off between the modes detected by the sensor. However, it may be possible to develop control strategies optimized for individual modes. A brief exploration of such mode-optimized control suggests the potential for significant performance improvement
Controlling the ligating behaviour of biologically important p-hydroxybenzoate towards copper(II) by the use of nitrogen bases: synthesis, characterization and single crystal X-ray structure determination of [trans-Cu(en)2(H20)2](L1)2.2H20 and [cis-Cu(L1)2(L2)2] where en=ethylenediamine, L1=p-hydroxybenzoate, L2= 3-picoline
No full textTwo new copper (II) complex salts have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques and conductance measurements. In complex 1 copper (II) is coordinated to four nitrogen atoms and two water molecules while in complex 2 copper (II) is ccordinated to four oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms.Two new copper(II) complex salts of composition [trans-Cu(en)2(H2O)2](p-hydroxybenzoate )2 · 2H2O (1) and [cis-Cu(p-hydroxybenzoate)2(3-picoline)2] (2) have been prepared. The newly synthesized complex salts have been characterized by elemental analyses, spectroscopic techniques (UV/visible, IR and EPR) and conductance measurements. The complex salt 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c having cell dimensions a = 11.8907 (2), b = 9.4443 (2), c = 10.8489 (3)Å, β = 100.340 (1)°, V = 1198.54 (5) Å3, Z = 2 and complex salt 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2/c having cell dimensions a = 9.9924 (3), b = 10.6862 (4), c = 11.6493 (3)Å, β = 108.588 (2)°, V = 1179.03 (6)Å3, Z = 2. X-ray structure determination revealed an ionic structure consisting of one complex cation [trans-Cu(en)2(H2O)2]2+ , two [C7H5O3]- ions, two lattice water molecules in 1 and coordinated structure consisting of two p-hydroxybenzoate and two 3-picoline units attached to copper center in 2. In co..
Spectra-structure relationship: Synthesis, characterization of copper(II) complexes with ibuprofenate, o-methoxybenzoate, p-ethoxybenzoate and single crystal X-ray structure determinations of [trans-Cu(en)2(H2O)2](L)2 where en=ethylenediammine,L= o-methoxy benzoate/p-ethoxybenzoate
No full textTo investigate the spectra–structure relationship, three new copper(II) complex salts of composition
[trans-Cu(en)2(H2O)2](L1)2 2H2O(1), [trans-Cu(en)2(H2O)2](L2)2(2) and [trans-Cu(en)2(H2O)2](L3)2 (3)
(where L1 = ibuprofenate, L2 = o-methoxybenzoate and L3 = p-ethoxybenzoate) were obtained when ethylenediamine
was added to ‘Cu(L)2’ (L = L1/L2/L3) in methanol–water solution. The intermediate ‘Cu(L)2’ salts were prepared by reaction of copper sulphate with sodium salt of ibuprofen, o-methoxybenzoic acid or p-ethoxybenzoic acid, respectively, in aqueous medium in 1:2 molar ratio. The newly synthesized complex salts have been characterized by elemental analyses, spectroscopic techniques (UV/visible and IR), magnetic moment determinations and conductance measurements. X-ray structure determination
revealed an ionic structure consisting of one [trans-Cu(en)2(H2O)2]2+, two [C8H7O3]- ions in 2 and one [trans-Cu(en)2(H2O)2]2+, two (C9H8O3)- ions in 3. In these complex salts central metal ion copper(II) is coordinated by four nitrogen atoms, originating from two chelating ethylenediamine ligands and two oxygen atoms of two coordinated water molecules, showing distorted octahedral geometry around copper metal ion. Both of these structurally correlated octahedral [trans-Co(en)2(H2O)2]2+ species have shown absorption at kmax 540 nm in the UV/visible spectrum
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