535 research outputs found
Multivariate Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency Analysis of Ecological Observation Networks
No full textCite this code as: Kumar, J. (2023). Multivariate Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency Analysis of Ecological Observation Networks (Version 1.0) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8048530
Multivariate Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency Analysis of Ecological Observation Networks
Author: Jitendra (Jitu) Kumar ([email protected]), Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Regional and global ecological research networks, representing coordinated and standardized as well as adhoc networks of observation sites, provide valuable observations necessary for ecological modeling and synthesis studies. Studies conducted across observational networks strive to scale up their results to larger areas, trying to reach conclusions that are valid throughout regional, continental, and even global scales. Network representativeness and constituency can show how well conditions at those locations represent conditions elsewhere within a larger area containing the network and can be used to help scale-up results over larger regions.
Representativeness: Euclidean distance between two sites plotted in multivariate environmental space can be used as an inverse measure of multivariate similarity to quantify representativeness. Close sites in environmental space have a similar combination of environmental factors, and therefore are highly representative of each other.
Constituency: For any site in the network, its Constituency represent all locations that are best represented by the multivariate environmental drivers at that site.
Code Compilation:
make
Edit the ```makefile``` as needed for your platform.
CC=gcc
CFLAGS= -O3
hpea: network_representativeness.o\
utility.o
(CFLAGS) *.o -lm -o network_representativeness
.o:
(CFLAGS) -c $<
clean:
\rm *.o network_representativeness
Running the representativeness analysis:
Usage: network_representativeness -infile input data file [ASCII]
-coordsfile coordinate file name
-clustfile coordinate file name [OPTIONAL -- must be used with -siteclustfile]
-sitefile site data file name
-siteclustfile site data file name [OPTIONAL -- must be used with -clustfile]
-nsites No. of sites
-minmaxfile minmax file name
-outfile output file name
-nrows No. of rows in input data
-ncols No. of variables
-details [OPTIONAL -- turn on output representativeness for each site, default is to write network representativeness and constituency only.]
-help program usage help.
Publications using ```network_reprentativeness``` code:
Kumar, J., Coffin, A. W., Baffaut, C., Ponce-Campos, G., Witthaus, L., and Hargrove, W. W. (2023) "Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency of the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research Network, and Analysis of Complementarity with Other Existing Ecological Networks", Environmental Management (in press)
M. M. T. A. Pallandt, J. Kumar, M. Mauritz, E. A. G. Schuur, A.-M. Virkkala, G. Celis, F. M. Hoffman, and M. Göckede. Representativeness assessment of the pan-arctic eddy covariance site network and optimized future enhancements. Biogeosciences, 19(3):559--583, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-559-2022
J. Kumar, F. M. Hoffman, W. W. Hargrove, and N. Collier. Understanding the representativeness of FLUXNET for upscaling carbon flux from eddy covariance measurements. Earth System Science Data Discussion, 2016:1--25, August 2016. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2016-36.If you use this software, please cite it as below.
Kumar, J. (2023). Multivariate Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency Analysis of Ecological Observation Networks (Version 1.0) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.804853
sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221125633 - Supplemental material for A novel conjugate heat transfer approach to determine the temperature distribution in single-point cutting tool under different conditions
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221125633 for A novel conjugate heat transfer approach to determine the temperature distribution in single-point cutting tool under different conditions by Rishish Mishra, Vineet Dubey, Rabesh Kumar Singh, Anuj Kumar Sharma and Jitendra Kumar Katiyar in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
Coordination complexes of copper(II) with herbicide-trichlorophenoxyacetate: Syntheses, characterization, single crystal X-ray structure and packing analyses of monomeric [Cu(γ-pic)3(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate)]·H2O, [trans-Cu(en)2(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate)2]·2H2O and dimeric [Cu2(H2tea)2(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate)2]·2(H2O)
No full textThree novel coordination complexes of copper(II) with 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate [Cu(γ-pic)3(L)2]·H2O 1, [trans-Cu(en)2(L)2]·2H2O 2 and [Cu2(H2tea)2(L)2]·2H2O 3, where L = 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate, γ-pic = γ-picoline, en = ethylenediamine, H2tea = monodeprotonated triethanolamine, were synthesized by addition of γ-picoline/ethylenediamine/triethanolamine, respectively, to the hydrated Cu(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate)2 suspended in methanol-water (4:1, v/v). The newly synthesized complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, spectroscopic techniques (UV–Vis and FT-IR), magnetic moment determination, molar conductance studies, TGA and single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The structure determination revealed neutral nature of complexes in all the three cases, with different coordination geometry around the copper(II) metal centre depending upon nature of the N- or N,O-donor ligands. Hydrogen bonding network i.e. O–H⋯O and C–H⋯O in complexes 1, 3 and N–H⋯O, and O–H⋯O in complex 2 stabilizes crystal lattice in copper(II) complexes besides other non-covalent interactions
Building digital technology and innovative lean management capabilities for enhancing operational performance: an empirical study
No full textThe study examines the direct effect of digital technology capability on innovative lean management capability and the indirect effect on operational performance. We considered continuous learning as a moderator, such that continuous learning could influence the relationships (i.e. digital technology capability and innovative lean management capability). We considered the overall satisfaction of employees as a moderator and empirically tested the relationships. The theoretical model was conceptualised by keeping the dynamic capability view in mind. The samples for the online survey were selected from food supply chain (FSC) firms. Hypothesis testing was performed and findings indicate that lower-order capabilities, such as adaptability, agility, and alignment capabilities, play a critical role in developing dynamic capability, that is, digital technology capability, which helps in achieving superior operational performance. However, innovative lean management capability plays a partial mediation role between digital technology capability and operational performance. A moderating role for continuous learning and overall satisfaction of employees was also supported. FSC firms should consider these factors to enhance operational performance in a dynamic business environment
Scope and challenges for green synthesis of functional nanoparticles
No full textNanoscience and nanotechnology are the most promising area of material science which interlaces various disciplines of science. This specific arena re-opens the imbibed properties of an already known system, e.g. metal, composite, etc., in a different manner so that the electron charge density waves termed as plasmons are getting generated and thereby perturbing the intensity of incident and reflected light in proportionate to the mass. Synthesis of nanoparticles through biological routes involves microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, plant/leaves extract, etc. The process can be carried out either in extracellular and/or intracellular mode. However, in general, bio-nanoparticles’ synthesis using plant extract tend to occur intracellularly and is kinetically fast compared to that of microbial synthesis. The bio-sources effectively act as a natural laboratory that accelerates the synthesis of variable nanoparticles, like metal, metal oxide, bimetallic oxide, etc. Plant crude extract contains novel secondary metabolites which are responsible for nanoparticle formation. In addition, such groups function as capping agents and thereby retaining the dimension of nanoparticles as required for a specific application. However, understanding the basic study of reaction kinetics for a particular plant extract/microbe-metal pair or influence of a specific plant extract on variable metals salts has not been undertaken precisely. The significance of such a study on fundamental aspects enables the selection of appropriate plant extract and leads to the tailoring of the morphology of the resultant nanoparticle. The primary task, however, is to determine and analyse the role of the exact constituent required for reducing and capping action. The challenge lies in whether certain bio-compounds need to be eliminated as per the requisite of bio-synthesis. The chapter herein provides a comprehensive study on the plants and microbe-mediated synthesis of functional nanoparticles, the associated parameters and their application. Finally, the significance of green synthesis toward toxicogenomics and the involved challenges are discussed in terms of the mechanistic approach
Water flow and transport of chloride in unsaturated concrete
No full textConcrete structures deteriorate in their operating environment under the combined action of harsh environmental conditions and external loading. Although the applied load can lead to a certain degradation of the structure, the main long-term deterioration mechanism involves moisture movement and the transport of chlorides within concrete. In order to build durable and reliable structures, it is necessary to be able to accurately predict the movement of moisture and chlorides within concrete.
In the case of unsaturated concrete, the transport of chloride ions is integrally associated with prediction of moisture fluxes in concrete. Even the diffusion of chloride ions depends on the degree of saturation of the concrete since concrete must have a continuous liquid phase for diffusion to occur. Therefore, simple diffusion theory, used in the current literature, is not sufficient to predict the diffusion of chloride ions in the case of unsaturated concrete. Most diffusion models described in the current published literature are applicable to concrete structures that are permanently wet and invariably underestimate the amount of chlorides penetrating the concrete of structures subjected to wetting and drying cycles. The research presented in this thesis reviews current knowledge, mathematical models and test methods pertinent to the movement of moisture and transport of chloride ions in unsaturated concrete.
A laboratory testing program was established to characterize the material properties of concrete mixes with water-cement ratios 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6. Concrete was characterized by its saturated hydraulic conductivity, moisture retention function and dependence of diffusion coefficient on degree of saturation. A geotechnical centrifuge was used to determine the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the concrete samples. Values of the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the samples were in the range of 10-11-10-12 m/s.
The moisture retention function of concrete samples was determined using a vapour equilibrium technique. The experimental moisture retention data was used to determine van Genuchten parameters for each of the concrete mixtures and subsequently used to determine the capillary pressure-degree of saturation relationship and relative permeability-degree of saturation relationship as a ``closed- form`` analytical expression. An electrical resistivity technique was used to determine the dependence of the chloride diffusion coefficient on the degree of saturation of the concrete. The result was compared with the Millington and Quirk model. Most of the experimental results should be useful to researchers in the field, as well as the engineering community at large, considering that they are rarely found in the concrete literature.
Simulations were made to determine the influence of various parameters measured during experiment on movement of moisture and transport of chloride ions in unsaturated concrete using TOUGH2, a multiphase, multicomponent, model that simulates coupled heat, moisture and salt transport in saturated and unsaturated rocks
Conservation agricultural practices to improve quality and productivity of malt barley
No full textClimate change is manifesting itself in many ways across the Indian subcontinent and among the indicators; regional variations as well as reduced number of rainy days, untimely rains and sudden increase in temperature at crop maturity can be noticed. Marginal and sub-marginal farmers, having small land holdings for cultivation dominate agriculture in many Asian countries. Small changes in temperature, rainfall and terminal heat stress could have significant effect on quality and productivity of different crops. Malt barley being an industrial crop plays an important role in economy of the country and the barley farmers, so needs special attention to increase malt quality and productivity. So there is a great need for climate smart technologies. Considering these points, experiments were formulated to maximize the productivity and quality of malt barley with farmers’ participatory research mode during rabi 2013-14 and 2014-15 with nine treatments and three replications in randomized block design at Karnal, India. Zero till sown barley with rice residue retention @ 6 t ha-1 after direct seeded (3597 kg ha-1) and unpuddled transplanted rice (3544 kg ha-1) resulted in significantly higher grain yield of malt barley. Lowest grain yield (3157 kg ha-1) was recorded when barley was sown after transplanted puddled rice. Returns over variable cost (_ 23835 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.74) were maximum when malt barley was sown with zero till technique with rice residue retention @ 6 t ha-1 after reduced till direct seeded rice. Dry weight of weeds was reduced significantly with residue retention @ 4 t ha-1 and 6 t ha-1. Significant differences were found for all the seed quality parameters except germination% due to rice residue retention. Hectolitre weight, bold grain percent and 1000 grain weight was highest when barley was sown in direct seeded rice field with rice residue @ 6 t ha-1
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Summaries
No full textImpact of Corporate Retail Chains on Traditional Retail and Wholesale Enterprises in Guntur Town of Andhra Pradesh (T. Prasad Rao, D.V.S. Rao and G. Raghunadha Reddy); Implications of Dairy Enterprise for Poverty Reduction. Regional Analysis of Maharashtra (Vishal S. Thorat and Smita Sirohi); Functional Dimensions and Management Efficiency of Agribusiness Co-operatives in Maharashtra. Assessment of a Successful Case (Deepak Shah); Economic Performance and Impact of Contract Farming in Karnataka (Pramod M. Chandakavate, M.G. Chandrakanth and N. Nagaraj); Agricultural Trade Performance of India and Concerns of Non Tariff Barrier (Anup Adhikari and M.K. Sekhon); An Analysis on Impact of Contract Farming on Farm Productivity and Efficiency. The Case of Hybrid Paddy Seed Cultivation in Andhra Pradesh (Braja Bandhu Swain); Food Consumption in Farm and Non- Farm Households. Some Findings from Chhattisgarh Villages (A.K. Gauraha, K.N.S. Banafar, H. Pathak and M.R. Chandrakar); Role of Supermarkets in Retail Marketing of High Value Agricultural Commodities (M.N. Waghmare, N.K. Kale and P N. Shendage); Enhancing Farm Economy through Contract Farming. A Case of Tulsi (Oscimum sanctum) Cultivation in Uttar Pradesh (Abhishek Kaila and Snehal Mishra); Conduciveness of India’s Current Occupation Structure for Agribusiness (S. Chandrasekhar and Vijay Laxmi Pandey); Growth Performance of Indian Agricultural Exports during Reform Era (S.C. Srivastava); Contract Farming of Potato Production Reduces Risk and Improves Livelihood Security of Farmers in Kannauj District, Uttar Pradesh (Babu Singh, Birendra Kumar, Rakesh Kumar Singh and Balwan Singh); An Analysis of Changing Composition and Trends in Agricultural Trade in India (R. Vijaya Kumari); Spatial Integration among Different Livestock Markets of Bareilly District of Uttar Pradesh- A Bright Future Prospect for Livestock Trading (Dinesh Kumar, Jagdish Kumar, Laxmi R. Dubey and Arpita Kotnala); A Critical Vision of Long Term Changes in Food Consumption Pattern and Food Requirement in Uttar Pradesh (Tarannum Bano, Jitendra Kumar, Rajeev Kumar Yadav, Madhubrat Pratap Singh and Prashant Kumar Agrawal); Challenges and Opportunities of Sugar Business in India (A.K. Sharma and Brahm Prakash); Spatial Integration of Gram and Arhar Markets in India (S.M. Vembu, T.K. Immanuelraj and M.B. Dastagiri); Contractual Arrangements and Transaction Costs Evidence from High Value Cash Crop Agriculture in Spiti Valley of Western Himalayas (H.R. Sharma and S.K. Chauhan); Farmer Inclusiveness and Contract Farming. A Case of White Onion and Potato Cultivation in Maharashtra (Varun Miglani); Domestic Fish Food Consumption Paradigms in India. A Regional Analysis (Shyam S. Salim); Inclusive Growth under Kisan Credit Cards (KCCs) – An Institutional Innovation (Samir Samantara); Comparative Advantage in Exports of Major Agricultural Commodities in India. A Post-Reforms Analysis (Kerobim Lakra, Virendra Kamalvanshi, Saket Kushwaha, Chandra Sen and Neeraj Singh); How to Attain Rural Prosperity through Farming System Approach in North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh (I.V.Y. Rama Rao, G. Sunil Kumar Babu and N. Vasudev); Can Micro-Irrigation be Used to Boost the Agribusiness Capabilities of Tamil Nadu’s Farmers? (A. Narayanamoorthy and R. Suresh); Impact Assessment of Contract Farming – A Case of Chilli Cultivation in Bagalkot District of Karnataka (J. Sridhara and S.B. Hosamani); Assessing Policy Interventions in Agribusiness and Allied Sector Credit Versus Credit Plus Approach for Livelihood Promotion in Maharashtra (S.S. Kalamkar and Sangeeta Shroff); Changing Food Consumption Pattern and Food Supply Chain in India (Adusumalli Venkateswara Rao); A Study on Impact of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures on Export of Major Spices from India (Shweta Kumari, Rakesh Singh, O.P. Singh and Arpita Gangwar); Changing Pattern of Consumption of Processed Food Products in Himachal Pradesh - A Household Survey (K.D. Sharma, M.S. Pathania and Harbans Lal); Household Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in India. An Economic Analysis (B. Sheshagiri, L.D. Vaikunthe and V. Sharada); Producers’ Company in Gujarat (Anita Arya); Linking Small and Marginal Farmers to Market for Inclusive Growth (Shalendra, K.C. Gummagolmath and Purushottam Sharma); Business Strategy of Sresta Food Pvt. Ltd. (Organic Agricultural Company) for Inclusive Growth of Dry Land Farmers (P.C. Meena and Vinod Kumar)
Summaries
No full textImpact of Corporate Retail Chains on Traditional Retail and Wholesale Enterprises in Guntur Town of Andhra Pradesh (T. Prasad Rao, D.V.S. Rao and G. Raghunadha Reddy); Implications of Dairy Enterprise for Poverty Reduction. Regional Analysis of Maharashtra (Vishal S. Thorat and Smita Sirohi); Functional Dimensions and Management Efficiency of Agribusiness Co-operatives in Maharashtra. Assessment of a Successful Case (Deepak Shah); Economic Performance and Impact of Contract Farming in Karnataka (Pramod M. Chandakavate, M.G. Chandrakanth and N. Nagaraj); Agricultural Trade Performance of India and Concerns of Non Tariff Barrier (Anup Adhikari and M.K. Sekhon); An Analysis on Impact of Contract Farming on Farm Productivity and Efficiency. The Case of Hybrid Paddy Seed Cultivation in Andhra Pradesh (Braja Bandhu Swain); Food Consumption in Farm and Non- Farm Households. Some Findings from Chhattisgarh Villages (A.K. Gauraha, K.N.S. Banafar, H. Pathak and M.R. Chandrakar); Role of Supermarkets in Retail Marketing of High Value Agricultural Commodities (M.N. Waghmare, N.K. Kale and P N. Shendage); Enhancing Farm Economy through Contract Farming. A Case of Tulsi (Oscimum sanctum) Cultivation in Uttar Pradesh (Abhishek Kaila and Snehal Mishra); Conduciveness of India’s Current Occupation Structure for Agribusiness (S. Chandrasekhar and Vijay Laxmi Pandey); Growth Performance of Indian Agricultural Exports during Reform Era (S.C. Srivastava); Contract Farming of Potato Production Reduces Risk and Improves Livelihood Security of Farmers in Kannauj District, Uttar Pradesh (Babu Singh, Birendra Kumar, Rakesh Kumar Singh and Balwan Singh); An Analysis of Changing Composition and Trends in Agricultural Trade in India (R. Vijaya Kumari); Spatial Integration among Different Livestock Markets of Bareilly District of Uttar Pradesh- A Bright Future Prospect for Livestock Trading (Dinesh Kumar, Jagdish Kumar, Laxmi R. Dubey and Arpita Kotnala); A Critical Vision of Long Term Changes in Food Consumption Pattern and Food Requirement in Uttar Pradesh (Tarannum Bano, Jitendra Kumar, Rajeev Kumar Yadav, Madhubrat Pratap Singh and Prashant Kumar Agrawal); Challenges and Opportunities of Sugar Business in India (A.K. Sharma and Brahm Prakash); Spatial Integration of Gram and Arhar Markets in India (S.M. Vembu, T.K. Immanuelraj and M.B. Dastagiri); Contractual Arrangements and Transaction Costs Evidence from High Value Cash Crop Agriculture in Spiti Valley of Western Himalayas (H.R. Sharma and S.K. Chauhan); Farmer Inclusiveness and Contract Farming. A Case of White Onion and Potato Cultivation in Maharashtra (Varun Miglani); Domestic Fish Food Consumption Paradigms in India. A Regional Analysis (Shyam S. Salim); Inclusive Growth under Kisan Credit Cards (KCCs) – An Institutional Innovation (Samir Samantara); Comparative Advantage in Exports of Major Agricultural Commodities in India. A Post-Reforms Analysis (Kerobim Lakra, Virendra Kamalvanshi, Saket Kushwaha, Chandra Sen and Neeraj Singh); How to Attain Rural Prosperity through Farming System Approach in North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh (I.V.Y. Rama Rao, G. Sunil Kumar Babu and N. Vasudev); Can Micro-Irrigation be Used to Boost the Agribusiness Capabilities of Tamil Nadu’s Farmers? (A. Narayanamoorthy and R. Suresh); Impact Assessment of Contract Farming – A Case of Chilli Cultivation in Bagalkot District of Karnataka (J. Sridhara and S.B. Hosamani); Assessing Policy Interventions in Agribusiness and Allied Sector Credit Versus Credit Plus Approach for Livelihood Promotion in Maharashtra (S.S. Kalamkar and Sangeeta Shroff); Changing Food Consumption Pattern and Food Supply Chain in India (Adusumalli Venkateswara Rao); A Study on Impact of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures on Export of Major Spices from India (Shweta Kumari, Rakesh Singh, O.P. Singh and Arpita Gangwar); Changing Pattern of Consumption of Processed Food Products in Himachal Pradesh - A Household Survey (K.D. Sharma, M.S. Pathania and Harbans Lal); Household Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in India. An Economic Analysis (B. Sheshagiri, L.D. Vaikunthe and V. Sharada); Producers’ Company in Gujarat (Anita Arya); Linking Small and Marginal Farmers to Market for Inclusive Growth (Shalendra, K.C. Gummagolmath and Purushottam Sharma); Business Strategy of Sresta Food Pvt. Ltd. (Organic Agricultural Company) for Inclusive Growth of Dry Land Farmers (P.C. Meena and Vinod Kumar)
Segmenting Investors on their Biases Manifested in Investment Decision-Making by Individual Investors
No full textPurpose- This study proposes to identify the certain biases affecting investor decision-making and to segment investors accordingly.
Design/Methodology- A quantitative research method was applied to measure the existence and impact of the biases on investment decision-making. A survey was administered among the stock market investors in Uttar Pradesh. Factor analysis was used to extract those biases that significantly impact investment decision-making and their mean score to assess the level of agreement that affects their investment decisions.
Findings - The finding reveals that eight extracted factors affect the investment decisions and accordingly segment them on the biases they exhibit. The investors tend to fall into Imitator, Stereotypical, Independent Individualist, Risk Intolerant, Efficient Planner, Confident, Passive, and Competent Confirmer. The Imitators, Independent Individualists, and Confident investors show their higher level of agreement that highly affects their equity investment decision-making.
Practical Implication- This study provides a base to segment the investors on their biases. In addition, it will help in customizing the investment recommendation based on their biases to improve the investment decisions
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